BAY MITCHELL, JUDGE:
¶ 1 Highland Crossing, L.P., Plaintiff/Appellant ("Owner"), seeks review of an order confirming an arbitration award in favor of Defendant/Appellee Ken Laster Company ("Subcontractor").
¶ 2 Owner was a developer of a construction project in Sand Springs, Oklahoma, which secured the services of Texas BBL, L.P. ("General Contractor"). In furtherance of this project, in August 2005, Owner entered into a written contract ("Contract") with General Contractor for the construction of multi-family apartments. This Contract contained an express agreement to arbitrate "any claim arising out of or related to the Contract." Subsequently, in furtherance of the apartment construction project, General Contractor entered into a subcontract agreement ("Subcontract") with Subcontractor in September 2005 whereby Subcontractor agreed to perform the dirt work, underground utilities and infrastructure work for a lump sum price of $825,384. The Subcontract expressly included an agreement to arbitrate "in the same manner and under the same procedure as provided in the Contract." The construction project was completed in the spring of 2007. During the course of construction, Subcontractor submitted claims to the General Contractor, some of which were denied. In 2007, Subcontractor commenced an arbitration proceeding against General Contractor seeking to recover over $200,000 it claimed remained due pursuant to the Subcontract. Later, Subcontractor filed a motion to join Owner in the arbitration to which Owner filed an objection on the basis that Owner had "no known contract with any of the parties" that would require Owner's participation in arbitration.
¶ 3 Arbitration hearings were held in December 2007 and January 2008. The arbitrator entered his award on April 28, 2008 (and modified on May 27) which determined that Subcontractor was entitled to judgment against Owner in the amount of $67,940.75 plus reasonable attorney fees of $50,000 and expenses in the amount of $11,000. Additionally, the arbitrator awarded Subcontractor $3,700 against General Contractor. Owner was also ordered to pay the administrative fees for the arbitration and the expenses and compensation of the arbitrator. Owner thereafter filed its Petition to Vacate the arbitration award in the district court based upon the lack of an agreement to arbitrate claims of the Subcontractor pursuant to 12 O.S. Supp. 2008 §1874(a)(5). Ultimately, the trial court confirmed the modified arbitration award and entered judgment against Owner in the amount of $67,940.75, with interest, together with arbitration attorney fees in the amount of $50,000 and arbitration expenses of $22,097.67. The trial court further found Subcontractor entitled to an award of reasonable attorney fees incurred in the trial court proceeding in accordance with 12 O.S. Supp. 2008 §936 and costs pursuant to 12 O.S. 2001 §928.
¶ 4 The only issue on appeal is whether the Owner was subject to an agreement to arbitrate upon which the arbitration award could be based.
¶ 5 The interpretation of an arbitration agreement is governed by state law principles of general contract interpretation. Wilkinson v. Dean Witter Reynolds, 1997 OK 20, 933 P.2d 878. The courts will read the provisions of a contract in their entirety, Mortgage Cleaning Corp. v. Baughman Lumber Co., 1967 OK 232, ¶11, 435 P.2d 135, 138, to give effect to the intention of the parties as ascertained from the four corners of the contract, and where the language is ambiguous, it will be interpreted in a fair and reasonable sense. Id., at ¶13, 435 P.2d at 139.
¶ 6 Generally, the courts will enforce arbitration agreements according to the terms of the parties' contract, as arbitration "is a matter of consent, not coercion." Volt Info. Sciences, Inc. v. Bd. Of Trustees, 489 U.S. 468, 479 (1989). To ensure that the parties have consented to arbitration, the courts will decide whether there is a valid enforceable arbitration agreement, whether the parties are bound by the arbitration agreement, and whether the parties agreed to submit a particular dispute to arbitration. Oklahoma Oncology & Hematology, P.C. v. U.S. Oncology, Inc., 2007 OK 12, ¶22, 160 P.3d 936, 944-45; See First Options of Chicago, Inc. v. Kaplan, 514 U.S. 938 (1995). There is a "strong presumption in favor of arbitration." Towe, Hester & Erwin, Inc. v. Kansas City Fire & Marine Ins. Co., 1997 OK CIV APP 58, ¶ 24, 947 P.2d 594, 599. "Ambiguities are resolved in favor of finding the dispute is arbitrable." Farrell v. Concept Builders, Inc., 2008 OK CIV APP 34, ¶7, 208 P.3d 483, 485; City of Muskogee v. Martin, 1990 OK 70, ¶ 8, 796 P.2d 337, 340 ("Arbitration should be allowed unless the court can say with `positive assurance' the dispute is not covered by the arbitration clause."). The question as to the existence of a valid, enforceable agreement to arbitrate is a question of law reviewed de novo. Oklahoma Oncology & Hematology, P.C., ¶19 at p. 944.
¶ 7 In Oklahoma, there are limited circumstances set forth by statute under which a party's motion to vacate an arbitration award may be granted. See 12 O.S. Supp. 2008 §1874(A). That statute provides in pertinent part as follows:
(Emphasis added). 12 O.S. §1874(A)(5).
¶ 8 In this case, Owner argues it did not sign and was not a party to the Subcontract, and thus should not be required to arbitrate disputes arising from the Subcontract. Owner would apparently have us ignore its Contract with General Contractor, which binds Owner to arbitrate "any claim arising out of or related to the Contract." That Contract demonstrates Owner's agreement to arbitrate claims
¶ 9 The parties' respective contractual obligations, the facts giving rise to the dispute, and the interrelationship of relevant contractual provisions in both contracts demonstrate the inseparable nature of Subcontractor's claims against General Contractor and Owner. Pursuant to the Contract, Owner agreed to pay General Contractor for the cost of construction, and the Contract expressly contemplates the subcontracting of work as part of the project. The Contract specifies that "[e]ach subcontract agreement . . . shall allow to the Subcontractor . . . the benefit of all rights, remedies and redress against the Contractor that the Contractor, by the Contract Documents, has against the Owner." Further, we note "[t]he very concept of a subcontract is that of an agreement by which performance of a portion of the prime contract is delegated to another." 6 Philip L. Bruner & Patrick J. O'Connor, Bruner & O'Connor on Construction Law §20:32 (May 2010).
¶ 10 General Contractor's primary defense to non-payment of Subcontractor's claims was on the basis of the terms of the Subcontract, which included a provision rendering Owner's payment to General Contractor a condition precedent to General Contractor's obligation to pay Subcontractor. The parties refer to this provision as a "pay-if-paid provision." In the course of the arbitration proceeding, General Contractor asserted a crossclaim for indemnity against Owner, asking that any amounts still owing to Subcontractor on the project should be paid by Owner to General Contractor for payment to Subcontractor. Given the interdependent contractual obligations of the parties, relief could not be afforded Subcontractor unless and until Owner was joined as a party in the arbitration.
¶ 11 Several specific provisions in both contracts demonstrate the interrelationship between the parties and their respective contractual duties and obligations. The Contract entered into by Owner and General Contractor includes an
¶ 12 "Where two contracts, not executed at the same time, refer to the same subject matter and show on their face that one was executed to carry out the intent of the other, it is proper to construe them together as if they were one contract." Bixler v. Lamar Exploration Co., 1987 OK 15, ¶5, 733 P.2d 410, 411-12. It is clear that the parties' respective contracts relate to the same construction project, reference the parties' respective related duties and obligations, and were both executed to carry out the mutual intent of completion of the project. Further, the Subcontract expressly incorporates the Contract, binding Subcontractor to the terms and conditions thereto. We therefore interpret the express contractual language of both contracts together, the meaning of which is plain and unambiguous. Had Owner intended to exclude Subcontractors from his agreement to arbitrate, the Contract's arbitration provision should have included express language of limitation as to such claims or parties.
¶ 13 Upon review of the facts of the dispute, the terms of the respective construction contracts revealing all parties' agreement to arbitrate, we affirm the trial court's Order Confirming the Arbitration Award.
¶ 14 AFFIRMED.
JOPLIN, P.J., and BELL, V.C.J., concur.