IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA
                               FIFTH DISTRICT

                                                  NOT FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO
                                                  FILE MOTION FOR REHEARING AND
                                                  DISPOSITION THEREOF IF FILED


OTTO P. DEVRIES AND BRIGITTE
YOUNG DEVRIES,

              Appellants,

 v.                                                       Case No. 5D14-1887

CITIMORTGAGE INC, ET AL.,

              Appellees.

________________________________/

Opinion filed March 24, 2016

Appeal from the Circuit Court
for Orange County,
Lawrence Kirkwood, Senior
Judge.

Peter Ticktin, Kendrick Almaguer and
Michael S. Wickenhauser, of The Ticktin
Law Group, P.A., Deerfield Beach, for
Appellants.

Nancy M. Wallace and Kristen M. Fiore, of
Akerman LLP, Tallahassee, and William P.
Heller, of Akerman LLP, Fort Lauderdale,
for Appellees.


PALMER, J.

        Otto and Brigitte Devries, the homeowners, timely appeal the final judgment of

 foreclosure entered by the trial court in favor of CitiMortgage. Determining that

 CitiMortgage failed to prove its standing to foreclose, we reverse.
       The proper party entitled to enforce a note and foreclose a mortgage is the

holder of the note, a nonholder in possession who has the rights of a holder, or a person

not in possession of a lost instrument who has the right to re-establish the note pursuant

to section 673.3091, Florida Statutes (2009). Gorel v. Bank of New York Mellon, 

, 46 (Fla. 5th DCA 2015).

       CitiMortgage filed this foreclosure suit in 2010, alleging its standing based on its

status as holder of the note, yet the note attached to the complaint contained a special

indorsement in favor of Standard Federal Bank. At trial, CitiMortgage introduced the

original note into evidence which contained an additional indorsement: a special

indorsement in its favor. CitiMortgage also introduced a backdated assignment of the

note and mortgage. CitiMortgage’s witness testified that the bank's records showed that

the original note was received by transfer in 2007. The witness did not testify that the

indorsements or assignment predated the filing of the complaint. The homeowners

argue that the evidence at trial was insufficient to establish that CitiMortgage had

standing to foreclose the mortgage at the time the complaint was filed. We agree

       First, CitiMortgage presented no evidence that the special indorsement in its

favor predated the filing of the complaint. See Eagles Master Ass'n, Inc. v. Bank of Am.,

N.A., 40 Fla. L. Weekly D1510 (Fla. 2d DCA June 26, 2015) (“The endorsement must

have occurred before the filing of the complaint because it is axiomatic that standing

must be shown as of the filing of the complaint.”).

       Second, CitiMortgage’s witness did not testify that the assignment occurred

before the complaint was filed. See Lloyd v. Bank of New York Mellon, 

,




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515 (Fla. 4th DCA 2015) (holding that the bank did not establish standing on basis of

backdated assignment where the bank’s witness did not testify that assignment

predated filing of complaint); see also Matthews v. Fed. Nat'l Mortg. Ass'n, 

, 133 (Fla. 4th DCA 2015) (“[A] backdated assignment, standing alone, [does not]

establish standing.”).

       While CitiMortgage contends that the date the assignment was executed was not

determinative because it was simply memorializing an earlier transfer, CitiMortgage

presented no evidence in support of this contention, such as evidence that the note and

mortgage were delivered to CitiMortgage in 2007 with the intention of passing title. See

generally Jarvis v. Deutsche Bank Nat'l Trust Co., 

, 196 (Fla. 4th DCA

2015) (stating that possession of instrument alone is an insufficient basis to prove

standing to foreclose); St. Clair v. U.S. Bank Nat'l Ass'n, 

, 1046 (Fla.

4th DCA 2015) (same).



       REVERSED and REMANDED for entry of an involuntary dismissal.



SAWAYA and TORPY, JJ., concur.




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