19 T.C. 1180">*1180 This proceeding involves a deficiency in income tax in the amount of $ 201.16 asserted by respondent for the fiscal year ended October 31, 1947, and petitioner's claim of an overpayment in the amount of $ 168.02. Petitioner has conceded that the additions to income as set forth in the notice of deficiency are correct. It contends, however, that respondent erred in determining the deficiency, by failing to exclude from reported income 85 per cent of an item of $ 859.50, which sum represented a dividend received from a nontaxable cooperative and, as such, subject to a dividends received credit under section 26 (b) (1), Internal Revenue Code.

FINDINGS OF FACT.

Petitioner 1953 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 205">*207 is an Illinois corporation organized under the provisions of the Agricultural Cooperative Act of the State of Illinois, with offices in Pekin, Illinois. It maintains its books of account on an accrual basis for a fiscal year ended October 31. Its income tax return for the fiscal year ended October 31, 1947, was filed with the collector of internal revenue for the eighth district of Illinois.

19 T.C. 1180">*1181 In its return for the fiscal year ended October 31, 1947, petitioner reported the sum of $ 859.50 as income from dividends received from the Illinois Farm Supply Company. On April 13, 1948, petitioner filed a claim for refund for the period from November 1, 1946, to October 31, 1947, claiming a refund due in the amount of $ 168.02. The reason set forth in said claim is that the petitioner is entitled to a dividends received credit of 85 per cent of the $ 859.50 received and reported in its income tax return for the fiscal year ended October 31, 1947, as a dividend received from the Illinois Farm Supply Company, a domestic corporation taxable under Chapter One of the Internal Revenue Code. Said claim for refund was disallowed by respondent coincident to the determining of the deficiency.

1953 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 205">*208 Petitioner was the owner of 116 shares of Class A 7 per cent preferred stock, 51 shares of Class C 6 per cent preferred stock, and 1 share of common stock of the Illinois Farm Supply Company. The Illinois Farm Supply Company was incorporated March 2, 1927, under the Agricultural Cooperative Act of the State of Illinois. Under its constitution and bylaws cumulative dividends at the rates specified were payable out of its net earnings. By letter dated April 26, 1939, the Commissioner of Internal Revenue advised the Illinois Farm Supply Company that it was entitled to an exempt status under section 101 (12) of the Internal Revenue Code. This was reaffirmed by letter dated January 31, 1946. Pursuant to said rulings by the Commissioner, the Illinois Farm Supply Company filed no Federal corporation tax return and paid no tax upon its income for the period August 31, 1934, to August 31, 1947.

For its fiscal year ended August 31, 1948, the Illinois Farm Supply Company filed a Federal corporation income tax return and attached thereto a memorandum which reads as follows:

For the fiscal year ended August 31, 1947, the company filed Form 990 in accordance with exemption granted the company1953 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 205">*209 under the provisions of Section 101, Paragraph 12 of the Internal Revenue Code. As a result of changes in its method of operation subsequent to August 31, 1947, the Company does not seek exemption under Section 101, Paragraph 12, for the fiscal year ended August 31, 1948, and accordingly an income tax return on Form 1120 is filed herewith.

On July 30, 1947, the Board of Directors of the Illinois Farm Supply Company passed a resolution declaring a dividend on its preferred stock in the total amount of $ 75,600.26, "payable on or before the 30th day of September, 1947" to stockholders of record "at the close of business on the 31st day of August, 1947." Said dividends were charged to its surplus account and the books and records of the Illinois Farm Supply Company reflected the dividends declared as a liability of the company as of August 31, 1947. The dividends shown as declared but unpaid at August 31, 1947, were 19 T.C. 1180">*1182 paid on September 30, 1947, and Cash was credited with the amount of the dividend and the account Dividends Payable was debited in the similar amount, thus wiping out the liability. Pursuant to this distribution the petitioner received $ 859.50 on October 1, 1953 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 205">*210 1947.

No Federal income tax has ever been paid by the Illinois Farm Supply Company on the aforesaid sum of $ 75,600.26, including the $ 859.50 received by petitioner, distributed to the holders of preferred stock of said company.

OPINION.

The question presented for determination in this proceeding is whether the petitioner is entitled under section 26 (b) (1) of the Internal Revenue Code to an 85 per cent dividends received credit for a payment it received from the Illinois Farm Supply Company on October 1, 1947. The facts are fully set forth in our findings and need not be restated here. The pertinent sections of the Internal Revenue Code are set forth in the margin. ¹

1953 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 205">*211 Petitioner's position is that the payment in the amount of $ 859.50 which it received from the Illinois Farm Supply Company on October 19 T.C. 1180">*1183 1, 1947, was a dividend received from a domestic corporation which at that time was subject to taxation and therefore under section 26 (b) of the Internal Revenue Code it is entitled to an 85 per cent dividends received credit. Respondent contends that petitioner is not entitled to such credit on the grounds (1) that the distribution made by the Illinois Farm Supply Company was not a dividend within the meaning of sections 115 and 26 (b) of the Internal Revenue Code but "necessary operating expenses," (2) that the distribution was made by a corporation which at the time of the distribution was exempt from taxation, and (3) that to apply section 26 (b) to a distribution made out of earnings upon which no tax has been paid would violate the spirit and intent of Congress when it passed section 26 (b).

We see no merit in respondent's first contention. The disbursement to its preferred stockholders was made out of the earnings or profits of the Illinois Farm Supply Company and section 101 (12), which allows exemption to agricultural cooperatives, 1953 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 205">*212 specifically refers to payments made to the owners of capital stock of such corporations as dividends.

We think, however, respondent's disallowance of the credit claimed must be sustained for the following reasons. The Illinois Farm Supply Company was an agricultural cooperative clearly exempt from taxation under section 101 (12) of the Internal Revenue Code for the period from August 31, 1934, to August 31, 1947. In his rulings dated April 26, 1939, and January 31, 1946, advising the Illinois Farm Supply Company of its exempt status the Commissioner of Internal Revenue further advised it that any substantial change in its organization or method of operation would make it necessary that returns be filed. There is no evidence in the record as to just when the Illinois Farm Supply Company changed its method of operation so as to subject it to taxation. The first information of such a change is contained in a memorandum attached to its Federal corporation income tax return filed for the fiscal year ended August 31, 1948, wherein it stated that "as a result of changes in its method of operation subsequent to August 31, 1947, the company does not seek exemption under section 101, 1953 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 205">*213 paragraph 12, for the fiscal year ended August 31, 1948, and accordingly an income tax return on form 1120 is filed herewith." ² [Emphasis supplied.] Insofar as the record discloses therefore the Illinois Farm Supply Company was a domestic corporation exempt from taxation under section 101 (12) of the Internal Revenue Code at all times from July 30, 1947, the date when the dividends involved herein were declared, and October 1, 1947, when petitioner received its proportionate share of such dividends. The fact that the Illinois Farm Supply Company sought 19 T.C. 1180">*1184 no exemption for any part of its fiscal year ended August 31, 1948, does not establish otherwise. Moreover, had such a change in its method of operation occurred prior to October 31, 1947, it would appear that petitioner, being a member cooperative and shareholder of the Illinois Farm Supply Company authorized by its bylaws to consider and pass upon questions of policy, would have known of such changes and would not have included the dividends received by it from Illinois Farm Supply Company as taxable income in its return filed for the fiscal year ended October 31, 1947. Petitioner has accordingly failed to establish1953 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 205">*214 its entitlement to the dividends received credit provided by section 26 (b) (1) of the Internal Revenue Code.

There is a more impelling reason, however, for sustaining respondent's disallowance of the claim for dividends received credit herein. Section 26 (b) (1) provides for a dividends received credit, in the case of a corporation, in an amount equal to the sum of "85 per centum of the amount received as dividends * * * from a domestic corporation which is subject to taxation under this Chapter." Under petitioner's contention the status of the Illinois Farm Supply Company on the date the dividend paid by it was received by petitioner is controlling. We think, however, that the status of the Illinois Farm Supply Company on the date the dividend was declared and became a definite liability of the corporation1953 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 205">*215 is determinative of petitioner's right to a dividends received credit. In other words it is the nature and character of the dividend, not the date it was received, which is important. This conclusion is inescapable when the purpose of the provision is considered. The purpose of section 26 (b) (1) is to eliminate double taxation on intercorporate dividends. This is clearly shown by the report of the Ways and Means Committee of the House of Representatives with respect to section 23 (P) (1) of the Revenue Act of 1932, H. Rept. No. 708, 72d Cong., 1st Sess., 1939-1 C. B. (Part 2) 465, and by the report of the Committee on Finance of the Senate, S. Rept. No. 665, 72d Cong., 1st Sess., 1939-1 C. B. (Part 2) 508, wherein, in identical language, it is stated:

SECTION 23 (P) 1. DIVIDENDS RECEIVED BY A CORPORATION FROM AN EXEMPT CORPORATION.

Dividends received by a corporation are allowed as a deduction in computing the net income of a corporation, upon the theory that a corporate tax has already been paid upon the earnings out of which the dividends are distributed. Where, however, the distributing corporation is exempt from tax, 1953 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 205">*216 there is no reason why the dividends should be deducted from the gross income of the stockholder corporation. Accordingly, the law has been changed to deny the deduction in such a case.

The dividends involved herein were declared by the Illinois Farm Supply Company out of its earnings received prior to the close of its fiscal year ended August 31, 1947, as to which earnings it had filed no 19 T.C. 1180">*1185 Federal corporation tax return and paid no tax by reason of its exempt status under section 101 (12) of the Internal Revenue Code. Nor has the Illinois Farm Supply Company ever paid any Federal income tax on the $ 75,600.26 distributed to its preferred stockholders, including the $ 859.50 received by the petitioner. The dividend involved herein is accordingly not a dividend received from a domestic corporation subject to taxation within the meaning of section 26 (b) (1) of the Internal Revenue Code.

It is accordingly held that the respondent did not err in disallowing petitioner's claim for a dividends received credit under section 26 (b) of the Internal Revenue Code for the taxable year involved herein.

Decision will be entered for respondent.