JOSEPH R. GOODWIN, District Judge.
Pending before the court is Cook, Inc., Cook Biotech, Inc., and Cook Medical, Inc. n/k/a Cook Medical LLC's (collectively "Cook") Motion to Dismiss or, in the Alternative, for Monetary Sanctions [Docket 6]. For the reasons stated below, Cook's Motion [Docket 6] is
This case resides in one of seven MDLs assigned to me by the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation concerning the use of transvaginal surgical mesh (and in the Cook MDL, nonmesh) to treat stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. In the seven MDLs, there are nearly 70,000 cases currently pending, approximately 350 of which are in the Cook Medical, Inc. MDL, MDL 2440. Managing multidistrict litigation requires the court to streamline certain litigation procedures in order to improve efficiency for the parties and the court. Some of these management techniques simplify the parties' discovery responsibilities. Pretrial Order ("PTO") # 8, for example, ensures that Cook receives the plaintiff-specific information necessary to defend the cases against it. Under PTO # 8, each plaintiff in this MDL must submit a Plaintiff Profile Form ("PPF") to act as interrogatory answers under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 33 and responses to requests for production under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 34. (See Pretrial Order #8 ("PTO #8" or the "Order"), In re: Cook Medical, Inc. Pelvic Repair System Products Liability Litigation, No. 2:13-md-02440 [Docket 38], available at http://www.wvsd.uscourts.gov/MDL/2440/pdfs/PTO_8.pdf). Each plaintiff must submit a PPF within 60 days of filing a Short Form Complaint. (Id.). Failure to do so subjects the plaintiff "to sanctions, to be determined by the court, upon motion of the defendants." (Id.). The parties jointly drafted the requirements for PTO # 8, and I entered it as applicable to every one of the hundreds of cases in this MDL.
Here, the plaintiff filed her complaint on February 24, 2015, and her PPF was due to Cook by April 25, 2015. The plaintiff did not submit a PPF during this time period. Indeed, the plaintiff did not submit a PPF until after Cook filed the instant motion, making the PPF a total of 61 days late. Cook asks the court to dismiss the plaintiff's case with prejudice. In the alternative, Cook asks that the court impose monetary sanctions in the amount of $500, plus $100 per day past the date of the Order during which Ms. Mast fails to comply. The plaintiff, while admitting that the PPF was untimely, insists that because the discovery deficiency has been cured, a sanction is inappropriate.
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 37(b)(2) provides that a court may issue "just orders" when a party fails to provide or permit discovery. Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(b)(2)(A). In the MDL world, this authority has particular significance. An MDL judge bears the "enormous" task of "mov[ing] thousands of cases toward resolution on the merits while at the same time respecting their individuality," and to carry out this task in a smooth and efficient manner, the judge must establish and, more importantly, enforce rules for discovery. In re Phenylpropanolamine Prods. Liab. Litig., 460 F.3d 1217, 1231 (9th Cir. 2006). Rule 37(b)(2) supplies the tool for this enforcement, allowing a judge to impose sanctions when a party fails to comply with the court's discovery orders. See id. at 1232 ("[A] willingness to resort to sanctions, sua sponte if necessary, may ensure compliance with the [discovery] management program." (internal citation omitted)); see also Freeman v. Wyeth, 764 F.3d 806, 810 (8th Cir. 2014) ("The MDL judge must be given `greater discretion' to create and enforce deadlines in order to administrate the litigation effectively.").
The circumstances of this case lead me to impose the sanction provided in Rule 37(b)(2)(C), which requires the disobeying party to pay "the reasonable expenses, including attorney's fees, caused by the [discovery] failure, unless the failure was substantially justified or other circumstances make an award of expenses unjust." Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(b)(2)(C). The plaintiff has not provided substantial justification for her failure to timely submit to discovery. Furthermore, there are no circumstances that make this sanction unjust. Although the discovery violation has since been cured, it nevertheless resulted in litigation expenses for Cook. Applying Rule 37(b)(2)(C) ensures that the disobeying party, rather than the innocent party, bears those costs. Accordingly, Cook's Motion is
It is therefore
The court