DEE BENSON, District Judge.
Pursuant to Rule 59(e) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, Petitioner Ronald Watson Lafferty requests that this court alter or amend the judgment entered on October 5, 2017 (ECF No. 411), related to the court's decision issued on October 4, 2017 (ECF No. 410). Lafferty asserts that the court committed clear error in its denial of claim ten (partial) of his Second Amended Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus.
Under Rule 59(e), a court may alter or amend a judgment it has entered if there is "(1) an intervening change in the controlling law, (2) new evidence previously unavailable, and (3) the need to correct clear error or prevent manifest injustice." Servants of the Paraclete v. Does, 204 F.3d 1005, 1012 (10
Lafferty raises only Rule 59(e)'s third ground, arguing that this court committed "clear error" when rejecting his claim that appellate counsel was ineffective for failing to appeal the denial of the motion to change venue. In rejecting the claim, the court first noted the Utah Supreme Court's holding that Lafferty had pointed to "`no evidence of a tainted jury,'" which was a prerequisite to establish both elements of his appellate-attorney ineffectiveness claim. ECF No. 410 at 23. The Utah Supreme Court held the following: "Without evidence of prejudice, Lafferty cannot show that counsel was deficient for overlooking an obvious argument that probably would have resulted in reversal on appeal." Lafferty v. State, 175 P.3d 530, 540 (2008).
Lafferty argues that there were a large number of prospective jurors who had already determined that he was guilty based upon their exposure to press coverage (ECF No. 39 at 243-49), and that jurors who were actually biased served on his jury. He relies principally on juror questionnaires from Jurors 82, 105, and 213 to argue that biased jurors sat.
These juror questionnaires were an extra-record proffer that Lafferty had not presented to the state supreme court. In his current motion to alter or amend, he fails to disclose that this court has already denied his motion to expand the record to include this proffer, holding that it is inadmissible in this proceeding. ECF No. 399 at 3-4, 7.
He also fails to disclose that this court addressed the substance of the questionnaires when rejecting his Martinez motion and determined that they refute his claims of bias on their face. ECF No. 400 at 11 (ruling that questionnaires from Jurors 82 and 105 "on their face refute Mr. Lafferty's bias claim" and that "Juror 213's questionnaire would have dispelled any concerns counsel had about her religious beliefs"). Even if the juror questionnaires were admissible in this proceeding, which the court has held they are not, the court has thoroughly addressed the substance of the questionnaires and why they do not indicate that Lafferty's jury was biased. See ECF No. 400 at 8-15 for a detailed discussion.
In its opinion, the Utah Supreme Court held the following:
Lafferty, 175 P.3d at 540.
Lafferty argues that the Utah Supreme Court's opinion failed to acknowledge that different jurors were seated at Lafferty's second trial than those who were seated during the first trial, and it also failed to recognize the extensive press that followed Lafferty's first trial, including press about the fact that he had already once been convicted of the crimes for which he was again charged. In federal court, Lafferty argued that the Utah Supreme Court's decision was contrary to or an unreasonable application of clearly established law because it failed to consider the particular facts and circumstances surrounding Lafferty's second trial. ECF No. 349 at 71 (citing four Supreme Court cases: Irvin v. Dowd, 366 U.S. 717 (1961); Rideau v. Louisiana, 373 U.S. 723 (1963); Estes v. Texas, 381 U.S. 532 (1965); and Sheppard v. Maxwell, 382 U.S. 333 (1966)).
Lafferty oversimplifies and misstates the state court's holding. As quoted above, the Utah Supreme Court stated that it rejected his challenge to the denial of his motion to change venue on his first appeal because "the totality of the circumstances provided no basis for concluding that the trial court should distrust the jurors' assurances of impartiality." Lafferty, 175 P.3d at 540 (emphasis added). The court then said that Lafferty had shown no reason "why counsel was deficient for failing to again pursue this unsuccessful claim on his second appeal." Id. The clear implication of the court's holding is not that the court failed to consider the particular facts and circumstances of the second trial, but rather, after considering the totality of the circumstances, the court once again found no basis for concluding that the trial court should have distrusted the jurors' assurances of impartiality, and thus no reason to find counsel deficient for failing to pursue the claim.
Lafferty has not demonstrated that the Utah Supreme Court failed to consider the entire record, including the 200 newspaper clippings trial counsel included with his change-of-venue motion, when it rejected the ineffectiveness claim. Because the "standards created by Strickland and § 2254(d) are both `highly deferential,' a federal habeas court's review of an exhausted ineffective assistance claim must be "`doubly' so." Harrington v. Richter, 562 U.S. 86, 105 (2011) (citation omitted). Under section 2254(d), "the question is not whether counsel's actions were reasonable. The question is whether there is any reasonable argument that counsel satisfied Strickland's deferential standard." Id. The federal court must be "exquisitely deferential" to the state court's disposition. Black v. Workman, 682 F.3d 880, 891-93 (10
Lafferty also fails to address this court's determination that he misplaced reliance on Irvin, which stated that "the mere existence of any preconceived notion as to the guilt or innocence of an accused, without more," is insufficient "to rebut the presumption of a prospective juror's impartiality." ECF No. 410 (quoting Irwin, 366 U.S. at 723). Jurists of reason could agree that Lafferty's proffered evidence in the state courts did not overcome this presumption of juror impartiality.
For the reasons stated above, the court denies both Mr. Lafferty's Motion to Alter or Amend Judgment Pursuant to Rule 59(e) (ECF No. 412), and his Motion to Strike Respondent's Memorandum Opposing Motion to Alter or Amend (ECF No. 414).
Pursuant to Rule 11 of the Rules Governing Habeas Cases under Section 2254, the parties are hereby ordered to provide briefing on whether a certificate of appealability should issue. Lafferty is ordered to submit his brief on or before February 6, 2018. The State will then have 28 days to respond, after which Lafferty will have 14 days to file a reply.