SUSAN WEBBER WRIGHT, District Judge.
Plaintiff Trail Dr., LLC ("Trail") filed this action in state court against Silver Hill Financial, LLC ("Silver Hill"), Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company, Bayview Loan Servicing, LLC, and Wachovia Commercial Mortgage, Inc., alleging violations of state law.
The case is before the Court on Defendants' motion to strike Trail's jury demand (docket entry #33, #34) and Trail's response in opposition (docket entries #35, #36, #37. #38, #39, #40, #41). After careful consideration, and for reasons that follow, the motion to strike Trail's jury demand will be denied.
Trail sues Defendants under the Arkansas Deceptive Trade Practices Act for charging usurious interest rates with respect to two adjustable rate promissory notes Trail entered on November 7, 2006. Additionally, Trail charges that Silver Hill committed fraud by misrepresenting an effective interest rate of 9.75%.
Defendants move to strike Trail's demand for a jury trial, asserting that Trail waived its right to a trial by jury pursuant to paragraph 18 of the promissory notes, which reads as follows:
Separate signature pages that follow the foregoing waiver clause contain the signatures of Joseph O'Sullivan and Aviva Janofsky. According to notarized acknowledgment forms that follow the signatures, O'Sullivan signed the notes in his capacity as president of Bemke Corporation, a member/manager of Our AR Prop, LLC, which is in turn a member/manager of Trail, and Janofsky signed the notes in her capacity as president of Halixma Corporation, a member/manager of Our AR Prop, LLC.
In opposition to Defendants' motion, Trail reports that the promissory notes at issue, along with other documents, "were presented for the first time to the plaintiff via a mailed closing." Docket entry #35, at 8. By affidavit, O'Sullivan and Janofsky testify that the promissory notes were contained in a package containing nearly 200 pages of documents. See docket entry #36, Exs. A-B. According to O'Sullivan and Janofsky, they had no opportunity to negotiate terms of the agreements, and they received little time to review the documents before they had to be signed and returned. O'Sullivan and Janofsky testify that they did not read the jury waiver clause, but if they had, they "would not have understood it to mean that a trial of a lawsuit concerning fraud, misrepresentation, deception or usury would not include a jury trial." Docket entry #36, Exs. A-B, ¶ 8. Additionally, O'Sullivan and Janofsky testify that when they signed the agreements, they had no prior experience negotiating commercial real estate loans.
In a diversity action, federal law governs the enforcement of a jury waiver clause. See Simler v. Conner, 372 U.S. 221, 222, 83 S.Ct. 609 (1963). A party may contractually waive its Seventh Amendment right to a jury, but a party's wavier must be knowing and voluntary. See Northwest Airlines, Inc. v. Air Line Pilots Ass'n, Int'l, 373 F.2d 136, 142 (8
In this case, the terms of the waiver clause are clear. Additionally, the clause is conspicuously set apart in a paragraph of its own, and it appears in capital letters, unlike the surrounding provisions. However, Defendants have failed to present evidence to rebut O'Sullivan and Janofsky's testimony that they were unaware of the jury waiver clause when they signed the agreements, they had no opportunity to negotiate the terms of the agreements, and they they were under a deadline that afforded no time to review the agreements before signing. Additionally, the jury waiver provision is not so conspicuous that it renders O'Sullivan's and Janofsky's testimony implausible. See Burke Grain Co. v. St. Paul-Mercury Indemnity Co. (8
IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that Defendants' motion to strike Plaintiff's jury demand (docket entry #33) is DENIED.
IT IS SO ORDERED.