SUE L. ROBINSON, District Judge.
At Wilmington this 29th day of June, 2016, having reviewed non-party petitioners' motion to quash three non-party subpoenas (D.I. 1), respondent's cross motion to compel (D.I. 4), and the papers submitted in connection therewith, the court issues its decision based on the following analysis:
1.
2. In the underlying action, Vir2us filed a complaint against Invincea Inc. and Invincea Labs LLC (collectively "Invincea") on April 15, 2015 for infringing U.S. Patent Nos. 7,392,541 and 7,536,598 (together, the "patents-in-suit"). (Id. at 2) The patentsin-suit involve "methods and apparatuses for containing malware in a separate processing environment to prevent the malware from infecting parts of the computer system outside of the contained environment." (Id. at 3) Vir2us alleges Invincea directly infringes "by making, using, and selling infringing software products," and indirectly infringes "by facilitating, instructing, and encouraging the deployment and use of the [above referenced software products] through technical and marketing literature, tutorials, presentations, and product demonstrations." (Id. at 5) Invincea denied the allegations and filed a counterclaim alleging that Vir2us infringes U.S. Patent No. 8,839,422. (Id.) Invincea subsequently moved to dismiss the counterclaim. (D.I. 1 at 6) Vir2us opposes the motion to the extent Invincea requests each party to bear its own costs and fees, alleging that Invincea and its Board failed to conduct a proper pre-filing investigation. (D.I. 4 at 6) Vir2us also alleges that Invincea continued with its counterclaim despite being aware that Vir2us was not infringing and that Invincea's patent was invalid. (Id.)
3. Vir2us and Invincea are competitors in the software market. (D.I. 5, ex 1 ¶ 10) The non-party investors invested in the early stages of Invincea. (D.I. 4 at 3) Principals for the non-party investors sit on Invincea's Board of Directors. (Id. at 12) The non-party investors are not competitors of Vir2us or Invincea or other named parties in the pending litigation. (D.I. 1 at 3)
4. On September 1, 2015, Invincea produced documents pursuant to a request for production, but excluded board meeting minutes and documents intended for investors or potential investors. (D.I. 4 at 7) On November 23, 2015, Invincea assured Vir2us that it was not withholding documents, other than those which were classified or privileged. (Id. at 7) In March 2016, during a meet and confer with Dell, Inc. (Invincea's business partner and investor), Vir2us became aware of the high probability that Invincea had not produced all responsive documents and, more specifically, not all PowerPoint slides presented to potential investors for securing venture capital. (Id.) Vir2us and Invincea dispute the relevancy of the slides. (Id.) Invincea ultimately produced six presentations, but Vir2us contends there are significantly more, including the presentations which were presented to the non-party investors. (Id.) Vir2us initially requested the production to be in California, but is willing to work with the non-party investors to find a more convenient location for the documents to be produced, such as Wilmington, Delaware. (D.I. 4 at 15)
Fed. R. Civ. P. 45(d)(3)(A).
6. Under Rule 45, a party is permitted to request "production of documents, electronically stored information, or tangible things at a place within 100 miles of where the person resides, is employed, or regularly transacts business in person." Fed. R. Civ. P. 45(c)(2)(A). Rule 45 also imposes a duty on the party issuing the subpoena to "take reasonable steps to avoid imposing undue burden or expense on a person subject to [it]." Fed. R. Civ. P. 45(d)(1). The court is directed to "enforce this duty and impose an appropriate sanction . . . on a party who fails to comply." Id.
7. Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26, "[p]arties may obtain discovery regarding any nonprivileged matter that is relevant to any party's claim or defense and proportional to the needs of the case." Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(b)(1). The court may "consider[] the importance of the issues at stake in the action, . . . the parties' relative access to relevant information, . . . the parties' resources, the importance of discovery in resolving the issues, and whether the burden or expense of the proposed discovery outweighs its likely benefit." Id. Rule 26 permits a "court, for good cause, [to] issue [a protective] order to protect a party or person from annoyance, embarrassment, oppression, or undue burden or expense." Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c)(1).
9. The non-party investors further contend that Vir2us should request the information from Invincea. As explained above, Vir2us initially requested the information from Invincea to no avail. Based on Invincea's redacted statements, the additional presentations and related information may no longer be in Invincea's possession.
10. As to the non-party investors' argument that Vir2us's requests are expansive and overly broad, each request limits the documents and communications to specific topics. In this regard, the non-party investors argue that the document request for
11. The Third Circuit has held that the relevancy standard under Rule 26 is broad. Pacitti v. Macy's, 193 F.3d 766, 777 (3d Cir. 1999). The court, therefore, balances the relevance of the documents and Vir2us's need for them against the potential harm and burden placed on the non-party investors to comply with the subpoenas. Mannington Mills, Inc. v. Armstrong World Indus., Inc., 206 F.R.D. 525, 529 (D. Del. 2002). Vir2us has explained how the presentations and other documents will most likely contain highly relevant information necessary to support the issues of patent infringement and reasonable royalty damages in the pending action. (See D.I. 4 at 10, redacted) Based on this and Vir2us's offers to accommodate the non-party investors by moving the production location and withdrawing the depositions, the scales tip in Vir2us's favor.
12. The non-party investors' argument regarding the imposition of producing the documents in California has been resolved. Vir2us alleges its expectation was for the documents to be provided electronically or, in the event they were not, the parties would decide on a location at a later date. As the non-party inventors have brought this up in the motion to quash, Vir2us expressed in its reply that it "is amenable to the Court modifying the Subpeonas to "change the location to "Vir2us's Delaware Counsel's office in Wilmington, Delaware." (D.I. 4 at 15) As Vir2us points out, the non-party investors had not objected to being deposed in Wilmington, Delaware. (Id.) Unless the parties agree on a different place and time by