SUE L. ROBINSON, District Judge.
Plaintiff Mary Lou Fieni ("plaintiff'), who proceeds pro se, resides in Pennsylvania. Plaintiff, now in her seventies, worked for most of her career in the area of healthcare at various medical facilities. The evidence in the record indicates that plaintiff has a history of sustaining numerous injuries, most of which occurred at work, starting approximately in the year 1990 and up to 2008. (D.I. 1, ex. H at 3)
Defendant Dr. John B. Townsend III, M.D. ("Dr. Townsend") is a neurologist who practices at Delaware Neuroscience
This case comes before the court after plaintiff filed suit alleging that defendant Dr. Townsend committed perjury under 18 U.S.C. § 1621, violated 28 U.S.C. § 1746 and "Chapter 11 1223, 1225, 12231, and 12233,"
Plaintiff appears to have filed a workers' compensation claim at some point in time prior to 2013 for a work-related accident in 2007. (D.I. 1 ex. A at 4; ex. H at 11) On January 16, 2013, in relation to plaintiff's workers' compensation claim, Dr. Townsend examined plaintiff as part of a defense medical exam. (D.I. 1 ex. H at 11) Dr. Townsend did not treat or diagnose plaintiff during this (or any other) examination, and at no point in time was Dr. Townsend plaintiff's treating physician. (D.I. 1 ex. 4 at 5) As a result of plaintiff's defense medical exam, Dr. Townsend prepared a fourteen-page summary of his evaluation of plaintiff's medical conditions and history. (D.I. 1 ex. 5 at 5) Also, Dr, Townsend appears to have been deposed about the defense medical exam at some point in 2013 or 2014. (D.I. 1 ex. 2 at 2)
During 2014 and 2015, plaintiff filed numerous complaints with DPR, alleging that Dr. Townsend engaged in unprofessional conduct, misrepresented her medical condition to others, failed to provide written medical records to her, and lied during his deposition. (D.I. 1 ex. 2 at 2) On February 5, 2015, DPR sent a letter to plaintiff stating that its investigation of Dr. Townsend had uncovered no violations of Delaware's Medical Practice Act. (D.I. 1 ex. 2 at 6)
From February 25 through April 8, 2015, plaintiff wrote three letters to the Delaware Secretary of State concerning her allegations against Dr. Townsend and DPR's handing of the matter.
Entry of default judgment is a two-step process. Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(a), (b). A party seeking to obtain a default judgment must first request that the Clerk of the Court "enter ... the default" of the party that has not answered the pleading or "otherwise defend[ed]," within the time required by the rules or as extended by court order. Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(a). Timely serving and filing a motion to dismiss under Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b) precludes entry of default. See Francis v. Joint Force Headquarters Nat'l Guard, 2006 WL 2711459 (D.N.J. Sept. 19, 2006), aff'd in part, 247 Fed. Appx. 387 (3d Cir.2007) (unpublished). Even if default is properly entered, the entry of judgment by default pursuant to Rule 55(b)(2) is within the discretion of the trial court. Hritz v. Woma Corp., 732 F.2d 1178, 1180 (3d Cir.1984).
"When a party against whom a judgment for affirmative relief is sought has failed to plead or otherwise defend, and that failure is shown by affidavit or otherwise, the clerk must enter the party's default." Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(a) The clerk of court entered a default in appearance on May 3, 2016.
Moreover, DPR is an administrative office or board of the State government, and "no service of summons upon ... any administrative office, agency, department, board or commission of the state government, or upon any officer of the state government concerning any matter arising in connection with the exercise of his or her official powers or duties, shall be complete until such service is made upon the person of the Attorney General or upon the person of the State Solicitor or upon the person of the Chief Deputy Attorney General." 10 Del. C. § 3103. Plaintiff did not properly serve the complaint on DPR because, instead of personally serving the individuals required by statute, she mailed
Generally speaking, entry of a default judgment is reserved for those rare circumstances in which, after a specified period of time, defendants have failed to file a response. In the case at bar, both defendants are presently before the court and are moving to dismiss. Therefore, default judgment is an inappropriate remedy. Plaintiff's motions for default judgment are denied.
The Eleventh Amendment of the United States Constitution protects an unconsenting State or state agency from a suit brought in federal court by one of its own citizens, regardless of the relief sought. See Seminole Tribe of Fla. v. Florida, 517 U.S. 44, 54, 116 S.Ct. 1114, 134 L.Ed.2d 252 (1996); Pennhurst State Sch. & Hosp. v. Halderman, 465 U.S. 89, 104 S.Ct. 900, 79 L.Ed.2d 67 (1984). Furthermore, § 1983 claims for monetary damages against a State, state agency, or a state official in his official capacity are barred by the Eleventh Amendment. Will v. Michigan Dep't of State Police, 491 U.S. 58, 71, 109 S.Ct. 2304, 105 L.Ed.2d 45 (1989) (internal citations omitted); Ali v. Howard, 353 Fed.Appx. 667, 672 (3d Cir.2009) (unpublished).
Plaintiff's allegations against DPR relate to its handling of plaintiff's complaints against Dr. Townsend. A § 1983 claim against DPR is barred by sovereign immunity, as DPR has neither consented to plaintiff's suit nor waived its immunity under the Eleventh Amendment.
In addition, "to state a claim under § 1983, a plaintiff must allege the violation of a right secured by the Constitution and laws of the United States, and must show that the alleged deprivation was committed by a person acting under color of state law." West v. Atkins, 487 U.S. 42, 48, 108 S.Ct. 2250, 101 L.Ed.2d 40 (1988). "A[n individual government] defendant in a civil rights action must have personal involvement in the alleged wrongdoing; liability cannot be predicated solely on the operation of respondeat superior. Personal involvement can be shown through allegations of personal direction or of actual knowledge and acquiescence." Evancho v. Fisher, 423 F.3d 347, 353 (3d Cir.2005).
The substance of plaintiff's complaint against DPR involves clarifications or corrections that plaintiff wants the DPR to submit concerning Dr. Townsend's alleged wrongdoing. (D.I. 1 at 8) There are no allegations that DPR was involved in such wrongdoing. Instead, DPR was conducting routine, administrative work by investigating plaintiff's complaints against Dr. Townsend. For the foregoing reasons, plaintiff has no entitlement to relief against DPR under § 1983.
A motion filed under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) tests the sufficiency of a complaint's factual allegations. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007); Kost v. Kozakiewicz, 1 F.3d 176, 183 (3d Cir. 1993). A complaint must contain "a short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief, in order to give the defendant fair notice of what the ... claim is and the grounds upon which it rests." Twombly, 550 U.S. at 545, 127 S.Ct. 1955 (internal quotation marks omitted) (interpreting
Under Twombly and Iqbal, the complaint must sufficiently show that the pleader has a plausible claim. McDermott v. Clondalkin Grp., 649 Fed.Appx. 263, 266-67 (3d Cir. 2016). Although "an exposition of [the] legal argument" is unnecessary, Skinner v. Switzer, 562 U.S. 521, 131 S.Ct. 1289, 179 L.Ed.2d 233 (2011), a complaint should provide reasonable notice under the circumstances. Id. at 530, 131 S.Ct. 1289. A filed pleading must be "to the best of the person's knowledge, information, and belief, formed after an inquiry reasonable under the circumstances," such that "the factual contents have evidentiary support, or if so identified, will likely have evidentiary support after a reasonable opportunity for further investigation or discovery." Anderson v. Bd. of Sch. Directors of Millcreek Twp. Sch. Dist., 574 Fed. Appx. 169, 174 (3d Cir. 2014) (quoting Fed. R. Civ. P. 11(b)). So long as plaintiffs do not use "boilerplate and conclusory allegations" and "accompany their legal theory with factual allegations that make their theoretically viable claim plausible," the Third Circuit has held "pleading upon information and belief [to be] permissible [w]here it can be shown that the requisite factual information is peculiarly within the defendant's knowledge or control." McDermott, 649 Fed.Appx. at 267-68 (quotation marks, citation, and emphasis omitted).
As part of the analysis, a court must accept all well-pleaded factual allegations in the complaint as true, and view them in the light most favorable to the plaintiff. See Erickson v. Pardus, 551 U.S. 89, 94, 127 S.Ct. 2197, 167 L.Ed.2d 1081 (2007); Christopher v. Harbury, 536 U.S. 403, 406, 122 S.Ct. 2179, 153 L.Ed.2d 413 (2002); Phillips v. Cnty. of Allegheny, 515 F.3d 224, 231 (3d Cir. 2008). In this regard, a court may consider the pleadings, public record, orders, exhibits attached to the complaint, and documents incorporated into the complaint by reference. Tellabs, Inc. v. Makor Issues & Rights, Ltd., 551 U.S. 308, 322, 127 S.Ct. 2499, 168 L.Ed.2d 179 (2007); Oshiver v. Levin, Fishbein, Sedran & Berman, 38 F.3d 1380, 1384-85 n.2 (3d Cir. 1994). The court's analysis is a context-specific task requiring the court "to draw on its judicial experience and common sense." Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 663-64, 129 S.Ct. 1937.
The first step of the Third Circuit's three-part analysis in reviewing a Rule 12(b)(6) motion is to take note of the elements a plaintiff must plead to state a claim. Plaintiff's complaint alleges that defendant Dr. Townsend committed perjury under 18 U.S.C. § 1621, violated 28 U.S.C. § 1746 and "Chapter 11 1223, 1225, 12231, and 12233," and that Dr. Townsend made specific misstatements to her in the course of plaintiff's medical examination and on plaintiff's medical records.
The second and third prongs of the three-step analysis need not be addressed, because the court finds the analysis stops after the first prong. Plaintiff's complaint contains no well-pled factual allegations. In light of these facts, defendants' request for dismissal under Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) for failure to state a claim is granted.
For the foregoing reasons, plaintiff's motions for default judgment (D.I. 4, D.I. 10) are denied. Defendants' motions to dismiss (D.I. 7, D.I. 18) and Dr. Townsend's motion for joinder (D.I. 18) are granted. An order shall issue.
At Wilmington this 28th day of October, 2016, consistent with the memorandum opinion issued this same date;
IT IS ORDERED that: