LAVERY, J.
The plaintiff, Ronald Vestuti, appeals from the summary judgment rendered by the trial court in favor of the defendant, John V. Miller. The issue presented in this appeal is whether the court properly determined that there was no genuine issue of material fact regarding the plaintiff's ability to bring this action under the accidental failure of suit statute, General Statutes § 52-592.
The following facts and procedural history are relevant to our review of the plaintiff's appeal. In September, 2004, the plaintiff filed an excessive force claim against the defendant, an East Haven police officer (original action), alleging that his rights under the fourth amendment to the United States constitution were violated. On March 6, 2006, the court scheduled a mandatory pretrial conference for November 29, 2006. The notice of the pretrial stated that the parties must appear and that the failure to do so risked nonsuit, dismissal or default.
On November 29, 2006, defense counsel appeared for the pretrial. Because neither
Instead, on November 26, 2007, the plaintiff commenced the present action, alleging the same claim as pleaded in the original action that he filed in September, 2004. In the complaint, the plaintiff asserts that the timely, original action was dismissed for a "matter of form" within the meaning of § 52-592(a), and, thus, the statute of limitations was tolled. In response, the defendant filed a motion for summary judgment on April 1, 2009.
In opposition, the plaintiff relied on his motion to open the nonsuit, which the defendant had attached to his summary judgment motion, to establish the evidentiary foundation to demonstrate the existence of a genuine issue of material fact. The plaintiff offered no evidence of his own. The plaintiff argued that the conduct involved in the original action was not so egregious as to preclude his reliance on the accidental failure of suit statute. Rather, he asserted that the conduct that led to the disciplinary nonsuit was a classic illustration of the kinds of inadvertent mistakes that can bedevil the life of any busy trial attorney.
The court, Cronan, J., granted the defendant's motion for summary judgment on April 21, 2009. In its memorandum of decision, the court framed the issue as whether the disciplinary nonsuit was the result of "`mistake, inadvertence or excusable neglect'"—the applicable standard in order for the plaintiff to successfully save his cause of action under the accidental failure of suit statute. See Ruddock v.
"The standard of review of a trial court's decision to grant summary judgment is well established. [W]e must decide whether the trial court erred in determining that there was no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.... In deciding a motion for summary judgment, the trial court must view the evidence in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party.... The test is whether a party would be entitled to a directed verdict on the same facts." (Citation omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Sherwood v. Danbury Hospital, 252 Conn. 193, 201, 746 A.2d 730 (2000). "A material fact is a fact which will make a difference in the result of the case.... [I]ssue-finding, rather than issue-determination, is the key to the procedure.... [T]he trial court does not sit as the trier of fact when ruling on a motion for summary judgment.... [Its] function is not to decide issues of material fact, but rather to determine whether any such issues exist." (Citation omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Curley v. Kaiser, 112 Conn.App. 213, 220, 962 A.2d 167 (2009).
"The party seeking summary judgment has the burden of showing the absence of any genuine issue [of] material facts which, under applicable principles of substantive law, entitle him to a judgment as a matter of law ... and the party opposing such a motion must provide an evidentiary foundation to demonstrate the existence of a genuine issue of material fact." (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Doty v. Mucci, 238 Conn. 800, 805-806, 679 A.2d 945 (1996). "Where the trial court is presented with undisputed facts, as it was here, our review of its conclusions is plenary, as we must determine whether the court's conclusions are legally and logically correct [and find support in the facts that appear in the record]." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Raynor v. Hickock Realty Corp., 61 Conn.App. 234, 237, 763 A.2d 54 (2000).
We believe it helpful to begin our discussion with an examination of the case law interpreting § 52-592(a). Section 52-592(a) allows a plaintiff to commence a new action for the same cause, within one year, if the original action failed "to be tried on its merits ... for any matter of form...." "Deemed a saving statute, § 52-592 enables plaintiffs to bring anew causes of action despite the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations.... In order to
In the seminal case of Ruddock v. Burrowes, supra, 243 Conn. at 576-77, 706 A.2d 967, our Supreme Court considered whether a disciplinary dismissal
Our Supreme Court in Ruddock continued by cautioning that "[w]hether [§ 52-592] applies cannot be decided in a factual vacuum.... Instead, the propriety of applying § 52-592 depends on whether the plaintiff has made a factual showing that the prior dismissal was a matter of form in the sense that the plaintiff's noncompliance with a court order occurred in circumstances such as mistake, inadvertence or excusable neglect." (Citation omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Skinner v. Doelger, supra, 99 Conn.App. at 554, 915 A.2d 314. "The [Supreme Court in Ruddock] provided additional guidance by explaining that failing to appear at scheduled hearings might constitute egregious conduct if a party exhibits a pattern of behavior that interferes with proper judicial management of cases." Gillum v. Yale University, 62 Conn.App. 775, 783, 773 A.2d 986, cert. denied, 256 Conn. 929, 776 A.2d 1146 (2001). "The inquiry under § 52-592, therefore, may be conceptualized as a continuum whereupon a case must be properly placed between one extreme of dismissal for mistake and inadvertence, and the other extreme of dismissal for serious misconduct or cumulative transgressions." Skinner v. Doelger, supra, at 554, 915 A.2d 314.
Based on the foregoing, we conclude that a genuine issue of material fact exists, and, thus, we reverse the judgment of the trial court. The court's memorandum of decision fails to consider the claimed justification
Although we conclude that summary judgment is inappropriate in this case, we go on to note that the Supreme Court in Ruddock stated that one incident of unjustifiable misconduct, such as missing a conference and failing to offer the court a credible excuse for such behavior, could suffice to preclude application of the statute. Ruddock v. Burrowes, supra, 243 Conn. at 576 n. 12, 706 A.2d 967. From a policy perspective, we also note that although § 52-592 should be broadly construed because of its remedial nature, "[o]ur judicial system cannot be controlled by the litigants and cases cannot be allowed to drift aimlessly through the system. To reduce delay while still maintaining high quality justice, it is essential that we have judicial involvement in maintaining cases.... Judges must be firm and create the expectation that a case will go forward on the specific day that it is assigned." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Gionfrido v. Wharf Realty, Inc., 193 Conn. 28, 32-33, 474 A.2d 787 (1984).
In light of the above, an unresolved issue raised by the plaintiff's motion to open the nonsuit exists. In direct opposition to the allegation of inadvertence that the plaintiff's attorney relies on, the defendant contends that the accidental failure of suit statute is inapplicable because the plaintiff's attorney missed the scheduled pretrial conference not due to inadvertence but, rather, due to her conscious decision to disregard the court-ordered pretrial. Furthermore, we note again that "[w]hether the statute applies cannot be decided in a factual vacuum. To enable a plaintiff to meet the burden of establishing the right to avail himself or herself of the statute, a plaintiff must be afforded an opportunity to make a factual showing that the prior dismissal was a matter of form in the sense that the plaintiff's noncompliance with a court order occurred in circumstances such as mistake, inadvertence or excusable neglect." (Emphasis added; internal quotation marks omitted.) Ruddock v. Burrowes, supra, 243 Conn. at 576-77, 706 A.2d 967.
Consequently, the plaintiff should be afforded the opportunity to have the court determine this issue—that the judgment of nonsuit entered due to the mere inadvertence of the plaintiff's attorney—especially given the surrounding circumstances in which the plaintiff's attorney knew for months in advance the date of the mandatory pretrial conference and yet still failed to notify both the plaintiff of the conference and the presiding judge that she would not attend. Without the trial court appropriately weighing the evidence and determining credibility, there is an insufficient evidentiary basis for this case to be accurately placed on the § 52-592 continuum. See Skinner v. Doelger, supra, 99 Conn.App. at 554, 915 A.2d 314; see also Ruddock v. Burrowes, supra, 243 Conn. at 578, 706 A.2d 967.
The judgment is reversed and the case is remanded with direction to deny the defendant's motion for summary judgment and for further proceedings in accordance with law.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.