DAVID ALAN EZRA, District Judge.
Before the Court is Robert D. Kahre's ("Petitioner") Motion for a Certificate of Appealability. (Dkt. # 2913). On March 11, 2016, the Court issued an order denying Petitioner's motion to vacate his conviction and sentence pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255 and denied him a certificate of appealability. (Dkt. # 2906.) The Court, therefore, construes Petitioner's instant motion as a motion to amend judgment pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 59(e). Upon careful consideration of the motion and brief in support, the Court, for the reasons that follow,
On November 20, 2007, the Government filed a Third Superseding Indictment against Petitioner. (Dkt. # 1671.) The Indictment alleged, inter alia, that Petitioner engaged in a conspiracy to avoid the payment of payroll and income taxes by utilizing a payroll system pursuant to which employees received their wages in gold and silver coins, which were later exchanged for cash. (
On August 14, 2009, a jury found Petitioner guilty on all counts. (Dkt. # 2520.) At sentencing, this Court determined that trial testimony and relevant conduct supported a base offense level of 30 and that ample support existed for an obstruction of justice enhancement, but for reasons articulated at sentencing downward varied from the guidelines. On November 17, 2009, this Court sentenced Petitioner to 190 months' imprisonment and three years' supervised release. (Dkt. # 2615.)
Petitioner timely appealed. (Dkt. # 2602.) On appeal, Petitioner contended inter alia that this Court erred: (1) by not dismissing the indictment because he lacked the requisite notice his conduct violated the tax laws; (2) by not disqualifying the prosecutor due to his status as a defendant in a
On December 5, 2013, in a published opinion, the U.S Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed the trial court in all respects and held inter alia: (1) Petitioner had ample notice that his payroll scheme triggered requirements to remit payroll taxes to the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"); (2) Petitioner had failed to present clear and convincing evidence of prosecutorial misconduct; (3) the trial court's exclusion of evidence did not improperly dilute the Government's burden of proof or preclude a complete defense; (4) the trial court's conduct did not demonstrate partiality that would warrant reversal of the conviction; and (5) sufficient evidence existed to support the trial court's finding that Petitioner's employees were not independent contractors.
On October 6, 2015, Petitioner timely filed the instant motion pursuant 28 U.S.C. § 2255 collaterally attacking his conviction and sentence. (Dkt. # 2890.) In his motion, Petitioner asserts six grounds for relief: (1) perjury and suborned perjury; (2) wrongful application of the obstruction of justice enhancement at sentencing; (3) vagueness and lack of constitutional due process notice regarding the distinction between employees and independent contractors; (3) failure to prove fair market value of Untied States debt instruments in circulation; (4) deprivation of Sixth Amendment right to call witnesses for the defense; and (5) judicial prejudice. (
On March 11, 2016, the Court issued an order denying Petitioner's § 2255 motion in all respects on grounds that he procedurally defaulted or already had a full and fair opportunity to litigate his claims on direct appeal. (
Because the motion was filed within 28 days of the order denying his motion to vacate his sentence and conviction, the Court will treat it as a motion to alter or amend the judgment under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 59(e).
Under Rule 59(e), reconsideration is appropriate if "(1) the district court is presented with newly discovered evidence, (2) the district court committed clear error or made an initial decision that was manifestly unjust, or (3) there is an intervening change in controlling law."
Petitioner fails to assert a single argument in his filing to support reconsideration or an amended judgment. The only place Petitioner expressly requests a certificate of appealability is in the title of his filing that states: "Notice of Appeal and Request of Certificate of Appealability from Denial of District Court order in the Nature of Habeas Corpus."
Accordingly, Petitioner's Motion for a Certificate of Appealability (Dkt. # 2913) is