VIRGINIA M. HERNANDEZ COVINGTON, District Judge.
This matter comes before the Court upon consideration of Defendants One Touch Direct, LLC, AT&T Services, Inc., and DPG Employee Leasing LLC's Motion to Dismiss Plaintiff's Claims against Defendants with Prejudice (Doc. # 172), filed on March 9, 2017. Pro se Plaintiff Alfred Barr's response was due on March 23, 2017. However, as of this Order, Barr failed to respond.
In addition, the Court previously ordered Barr to file a supplement explaining an apparent discrepancy in the record. (Doc. # 181). That supplement was due on March 27, 2017. (
Barr instituted this action on October 9, 2015. (Doc. # 1). The original complaint named five defendants: "One Touch Direct, LLC, et al., Joseph Mole, and Christopher Reed, AT&T, and DPG Leasing." (
The Defendants moved to dismiss the first amended complaint and Barr failed to timely respond. (Doc. ## 43, 50). As such, the Court granted the motion to dismiss as unopposed and closed the case. (Doc. # 50). However, Barr moved to reopen the action (Doc. # 53) and, in the interests of fairness and recognizing that cases are preferably tried upon the merits, the Court reopened the action. (Doc. # 56). The Court specifically stated in that Order:
(
Barr filed his second amended complaint on March 18, 2016. (Doc. # 64). The second amended complaint named "One Touch Direct, LLC, Joseph Mole, Christopher Reed, AT&T Services Inc., and DPG Employee Leasing LLC" as defendants. (
Another round of briefing ensued during which the Defendants sought dismissal of the second amended complaint, or particular counts thereof, on various grounds. (Doc. ## 69, 70, 74, 76). One of the arguments asserted by Mole and Reed was that the second amended complaint should be dismissed as against them under Rule 12(b)(5) for insufficient service of process. (Doc. # 70 at 2-4). The Court provided an in-depth discussion regarding service in its Order dismissing the second amended complaint. (Doc. # 78 at 7-12). Moreover, Barr's suit against Mole and Reed was not dismissed with prejudice at that stage due to failure to comply with Rule 4; rather, Barr was granted an extension of time to effect service upon Mole and Reed. (
On May 31, 2016, Barr filed his third amended complaint. (Doc. # 93). The third amended complaint named only four defendants: "One Touch Direct, LLC, Joseph Mole, AT&T Services Inc., and DPG Employee Leasing LLC." (
Two interlocutory appeals were then taken by Barr from a litany of Court Orders. (Doc. ## 111, 132). Both appeals were dismissed sua sponte by the Eleventh Circuit for lack of jurisdiction. (Doc. ## 136, 140). Before Barr filed those interlocutory appeals, the Defendants had moved to dismiss the third amended complaint. (Doc. ## 106, 107). Because the filing of a notice of appeal is an event of jurisdictional significance,
Rather than actually responding to the motions to dismiss, Barr filed what was in effect a motion for leave to file a fourth amended complaint. (Doc. # 165). Attached to the construed motion for leave to file a fourth amended complaint was Barr's proposed fourth amended complaint. (Doc. # 165-1). The proposed fourth amended complaint named only "One Touch Direct, LLC, a Florida Limited Liability Company (`OTD'), DPG Employee Leasing, LLC, a foreign limited liability company (`DPG'), and AT&T Services, Inc., a foreign corporation (`AT&T')" as defendants. (
After the Court directed Barr to file the proposed fourth amended complaint by March 6, 2017, he filed a response to a motion, even though the motion had already been denied as moot. (Doc. # 167). The next day, on March 3, 2017, the Court again directed Barr to file his proposed fourth amended complaint by March 6, 2017. (Doc. # 168). Barr, however, failed to comply with the Court's directive.
On March 9, 2017, three days after the deadline for filing the fourth amended complaint passed, Barr filed a motion seeking a retroactive extension of time, as well as his belated fourth amended complaint. (Doc. ## 170, 171). That same day, Defendants filed the instant Motion seeking to have this action involuntarily dismissed pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(b). (Doc. # 172).
Barr explained his failure to comply with the Court-ordered deadline with the following statement:
(Doc. # 170 at 1). On that basis, Barr requested "the court grant retroactively an extension of time to file the Fourth Amended Complaint." (
For the reasons stated in its March 21, 2017, Order, which granted Barr's request for a retroactive extension of time, the Court directed Barr to file a supplement by March 27, 2017, that provided more explanation as to the differences between his Local Rule 3.01(g) certificate and the emails submitted by defense counsel. (Doc. # 181 at 4-6). The Court also warned Barr that he was under a continuing obligation to regularly monitor the docket. (
But, Barr again failed to meet a deadline. Defendants' Motion under Rule 41(b) was filed on March 9, 2017. (Doc. # 172). "Each party opposing a motion or application shall file within fourteen (14) days after service of the motion or application a response . . . ." M.D. Fla. L.R. 3.01(b). Thus, if Barr wished to oppose the Motion, his response was due by March 23, 2017. A review of the docket indicates that Barr has not responded to the Motion as of this Order.
Barr also failed to comply with the Court's March 21, 2017, Order, which directed Barr to file a supplement explaining why his Local Rule 3.01(g) certificate seemed to be in conflict with the emails submitted by defense counsel. (Doc. # 181 at 6). The supplement was due March 27, 2017. (
"A district court has inherent authority to manage its own docket `so as to achieve the orderly and expeditious disposition of cases.'"
Rule 41 provides:
Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(b).
"`The power to invoke this sanction is necessary in order to prevent undue delays in the disposition of pending cases and to avoid congestion in the calendars of the District Court.'"
"[T]he harsh sanction of dismissal with prejudice is thought to be more appropriate in a case where a party, as distinct from counsel, is culpable."
In full cognizance of the gravity of the dismissal effected by this Order, the Court has carefully reviewed the record. And that review leads the Court to determine that the criteria for dismissal under Rule 41(b) have been met.
With respect to the requirement that "a party engage in a clear pattern of delay or willful contempt (contumacious conduct),"
The record also shows that Barr has caused substantial delay—indeed, this action is now in its eighteenth month—by, among other methods, repeatedly filing motions for clarification and reconsideration.
Further, at the risk of redundancy, because Barr is proceeding pro se, he has no counsel. Thus, it is Barr who is culpable for the actions listed above.
The Court finds it appropriate to reiterate: "[a]s demonstrated above and throughout the record, the Court has been more than flexible with Barr, giving him chance after chance to file a complaint that complies with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. But, at some point, enough is enough. This action has reached that point." (Doc. # 168 at 6). In spite of that warning, Barr failed to timely file his fourth amended complaint as directed by the Court, failed to respond to the instant Motion seeking dismissal under Rule 41(b), and failed to comply with a Court order. For these reasons, the Court determines that Barr has engaged in a clear pattern of delay and has repeatedly violated the Local Rules and orders of this Court despite warning after warning.
The Court now reaches the question of whether lesser sanctions would suffice. When Barr previously failed to timely respond, the Court dismissed the action without prejudice. (Doc. # 50). Ultimately, the action was reopened and the Court explained why failing to respond resulted in such dismissal. (Doc. ## 56, 63). Those three orders placed Barr on notice of the consequences of not timely responding to a motion to dismiss and reminded him that he must comply with the Local Rules and Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. (Doc. # 56 at 2-3). Those orders, however, had no long-term effect, for Barr's pattern of delay and disregard for the Local Rules and the Court's orders continued, as previously documented herein. Dismissal without prejudice is thus insufficient.
In addition, because he is not an attorney, the Court cannot sanction him in his capacity as an officer of the court or in a professional capacity. Likewise, the Florida Bar cannot sanction him for the same reason, even if the Court filed a report with the Florida Bar. Further, Barr is proceeding in forma pauperis thereby making monetary sanctions a hollow remedy. Given the circumstance with which the Court is confronted—viz., a pro se plaintiff proceeding in forma pauperis who, in spite of the Court's multiple warnings, continually violates the Local Rules, needlessly multiplies the proceedings, and fails to comply with Court orders—the Court finds that no lesser sanction will suffice.
Therefore, this action is dismissed with prejudice pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(b).
Accordingly, it is
(1) Defendants One Touch Direct, LLC, AT&T Services, Inc., and DPG Employee Leasing LLC's Motion to Dismiss Plaintiff's Claims against Defendants with Prejudice (Doc. # 172) is
(2) This action is
(3) All other motions that are currently pending are
(4) The Clerk shall