ROY B. DALTON, Jr., District Judge.
This matter is before the Court on the following:
Proceeding anonymously, Plaintiff initiated this product liability action against Defendants Radiancy, Inc. ("
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Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 15(a) provides that leave to amend after a responsive pleading has been served "shall be freely given when justice so requires." Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a). This standard reflects the "policy of the federal rules . . . to permit liberal amendment to facilitate determination of claims on the merits and to prevent litigation from becoming a technical exercise in the fine points of pleading." Dussouy v. Gulf Coast Inv. Corp., 660 F.2d 594, 597-98 (5th Cir. 1981). In light of this liberal standard and policy, district courts in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit are found to abuse their limited discretion by denying leave to amend absent a "substantial reason" warranting such denial. See id. at 598; see also Pioneer Metals, Inc. v. Univar USA, Inc., 168 F. App'x 335, 336-37 (11th Cir. 2006) (stating that the reason justifying denial of leave "must be either explicitly declared or apparent"); Shipner v. E. Air Lines, Inc., 868 F.2d 401, 407 (11th Cir.1989). The "substantial reasons" warranting denial of leave to amend include undue delay,
An inference of bad faith sufficient to deny leave to amend may arise when a movant fails to include known facts in an initial complaint as a "tactical maneuver[] to force the court to consider various theories seriatim." See Dussouy, 660 F.2d at 599 (explaining that "denial of leave to amend on the grounds of bad faith" may be warranted "where the movant first presents a theory difficult to establish but favorable and, only after that fails, a less favorable theory"); see also Rogers v. Nacchio, 241 F. App'x 602, 610 (11th Cir. 2007) (affirming denial of leave to amend where plaintiff had "displayed bad faith" by alleging "meritless" claims with "no support").
Here, the Moving Defendants argue that, based on Plaintiff's "fabrication of the facts and contradictions, the Court should deny [P]laintiff's request for leave to file an amended complaint based on bad faith." (Doc. 39, pp. 13-15.) In support, the Moving Defendants contend that the Pro Model and 8800 Model are different with respect to appearance, technology, and accompanying documentation, and Plaintiff purportedly based her Initial Complaint on the Pro Model rather than the 8800 Model "in an effort to better substantiate her case and/or strengthen her arguments." (See Doc. 39, pp. 2, 7; see also id. at 10 (asserting that Plaintiff "misled her counsel and the expert about the device she used to create a more substantiated claim, then subsequently lied to the [D]efendants and this [C]ourt"); Doc. 39-7.)
Contrary to the Moving Defendants' assertions, the Court finds no material difference between the Pro Model and the 8800 Model, indeed: (1) the appearance of the two products is very similar; (2) other than a tiny difference in dimension, the respective specifications for the two products are identical; and (3) the documentation accompanying the two products is nearly identical as well. While the Pro Model uses "pulsed" Thermicon technology as opposed to Thermicon technology, the Moving Defendants fail to explain how this difference might have made Plaintiff's initially-pled claims easier to establish. Further, with the exception of a few additional warnings in the Pro Model User Manual, the products' respective manuals are essentially identical, and the Moving Defendants fail to explain how the Pro Model User Manual would allow Plaintiff to assert a "more substantiated" claim. In short, even though Plaintiff's identification of the Pro Device in the Initial Complaint and pre-suit correspondence was an almost inexplicable error,
Undue prejudice is a "substantial" reason warranting denial of leave to amend. See Foman, 371 U.S. at 181-82. But prejudice is not "undue" unless it is "real"—that is something more than the "additional expense" that "necessarily" results from any "amendment to an original pleading." See Loggerhead Turtle, 148 F.3d at 1256-57 (reversing denial of motion for leave to amend complaint). Here, the Moving Defendants argue that Plaintiff's prior incorrect references to the Pro Model have been "highly detrimental" to Defendants' case "as well as the reputation of [D]efendants' business and products." (See Doc. 39, pp. 11, 15.)
Upon review, the Court finds that the Moving Defendants' conclusory assertions are insufficient to establish the "real" prejudice necessary to deny leave to amend. First, the Court fails to discern how product liability claims concerning the Pro Model would impact the "reputation" of Defendants' business and products in any greater degree than claims concerning the 8800 Model would. Further, almost no discovery has occurred to date, the parties have approximately seven months left to complete discovery, and the trial date is more than a year away. Under these circumstances, the Court cannot find that "undue prejudice" warrants denial of leave to amend. See Taylor v. Fla. State Fair Auth., 875 F.Supp. 812, 815 (M.D. Fla. 1995) (noting that no "real prejudice" to the opposing party occurs where leave to amend is sought before commencement of discovery).
"Futility of amendment" warranting denial of leave to amend may be found only "when the proposed amendment is clearly insufficient or frivolous on its face." See Taylor, 875 F. Supp. at 815. Thus, "[w]here a more carefully drafted complaint might state a claim, a plaintiff must be given at least one chance to amend the complaint.'" See Bryant v. Dupree, 252 F.3d 1161, 1163 (11th Cir. 2001); see Nacchio, 241 F. App'x at 610 (noting that parties "should be given at least one opportunity to amend before the district court dismisses a complaint with prejudice").
Here, the Court rejects the Moving Defendants' argument that the proposed Amended Complaint "lacks all credibility" due to Plaintiff's mistakes concerning the Pro Model. To the contrary, Plaintiff's proposed Amended Complaint is neither insufficient nor frivolous; thus, the Court finds that Plaintiff must be given at least once chance to amend. See Bryant, 252 F.3d at 1163 (reversing denial of leave to amend where there was "no evidence" that the amendment "would prejudice the defendants"); see also Vacation Break U.S.A., Inc. v. Mktg. Response Group & Laser Co., 189 F.R.D. 474, 479 (M.D. Fla. 1999) (granting leave to amend to assert punitive damages claim after removal of action from state court); Domke, 939 F. Supp. at 849 (same).
Accordingly, it is hereby