CHARLENE EDWARDS HONEYWELL, District Judge.
Petitioner initiated this action for habeas corpus relief pursuant to 28 U.S.C. section 2254 (Doc. No. 1). Upon consideration of the petition, the Court ordered Respondents to show cause why the relief sought in the petition should not be granted. Thereafter, Respondents filed a response to the petition for writ of habeas corpus in compliance with this Court's instructions and with the Rules Governing Section 2254 Cases for the United States District Courts (Doc. No. 7). Petitioner was given an opportunity to file a reply but he has not done so.
Petitioner alleges one claim for relief, that trial counsel rendered ineffective assistance by misrepresenting the sentence that he would receive. For the following reasons, the Court finds that Petitioner is not entitled to relief on his claim.
Petitioner was charged by information with one count of home invasion robbery with a firearm. Petitioner entered an open guilty plea to the charged crime. The trial court sentenced Petitioner to a thirty-year term of imprisonment. Petitioner appealed, and appellate counsel filed an Anders
Pursuant to the AEDPA, federal habeas relief may not be granted with respect to a claim adjudicated on the merits in state court unless the adjudication of the claim:
28 U.S.C. § 2254(d). See Brown v. Patton, 544 U.S. 133, 141 (2005); Price v. Vincent, 538 U.S. 634, 638-39 (2003). A state court's summary rejection of a claim, even without explanation, qualifies as an adjudication on the merits which warrants deference. Ferguson v. Calliper, 527 F.3d 1144, 1146 (11th Cir. 2008).
"Clearly established federal law" consists of the governing legal principles, rather than the dicta, set forth in the decisions of the United States Supreme Court at the time the state court issues its decision. Carey v. Musladin, 549 U.S. 70, 74 (2006)(citing Williams v. Taylor, 529 U.S. 362, 412 (2000)). "[T]o be `contrary to' clearly established federal law, the state court must either (1) apply a rule that contradicts the governing law set forth by Supreme Court case law, or (2) reach a different result from the Supreme Court when faced with materially indistinguishable facts." Ward v. Hall, 592 F.3d 1144, 1155 (11th Cir. 2010) (internal quotations and citation omitted); Mitchell v. Esparza, 540 U.S. 12, 16 (2003). A state court decision involves an "unreasonable application" of the Supreme Court's precedents if the state court correctly identifies the governing legal principle but applies it to the facts of the petitioner's case in an objectively unreasonable manner, Brown, 544 U.S. at 134; Bottoson v. Moore, 234 F.3d 526, 531 (11th Cir. 2000); or, "if the state court either unreasonably extends a legal principle from [Supreme Court] precedent to a new context where it should not apply or unreasonably refuses to extend that principle to a new context where it should apply." Bottoson, 234 F.3d at 531 (quoting Williams, 529 U.S. at 406). The "unreasonable application" inquiry "requires the state court decision to be more than incorrect or erroneous"; it must be "objectively unreasonable." Lockyer v. Andrade, 538 U.S. 63, 75-77 (2003) (citation omitted); Mitchell, 540 U.S. at 17-18; Ward, 592 F.3d at 1155.
Ineffective assistance of counsel claims are reviewed under the standards established by 28 U.S.C. § 2254(d). Newland v. Hall, 527 F.3d 1162, 1183 (11th Cir. 2008). Post-AEDPA, the standard set forth in Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (1984), remains applicable to the claims of ineffective assistance of counsel raised in this case. Newland, 527 F.3d at 1184. In Strickland, the Supreme Court established a two-part test for determining whether a convicted person is entitled to relief on the ground that his counsel rendered ineffective assistance: (1) whether counsel's performance was deficient and "fell below an objective standard of reasonableness"; and (2) whether the deficient performance prejudiced the defense.
States may "impose whatever specific rules . . . to ensure that criminal defendants are well represented," but "the Federal Constitution imposes one general requirement: that counsel make objectively reasonable choices." Bobby Van Hook, 130 S. Ct. at 17 (internal quotations and citations omitted). It is petitioner who bears the heavy burden to "prove, by a preponderance of the evidence, that counsel's performance was unreasonable." Jones v. Campbell, 436 F.3d 1285, 1293 (11th Cir. 2006). A court must "judge the reasonableness of counsel's conduct on the facts of the particular case, viewed as of the time of counsel's conduct," Roe v. Flores-Ortega, 528 U.S. 470, 477 (2000) (quoting Strickland, 466 U.S. at 690), applying a "highly deferential" level of judicial scrutiny. Id. A court must adhere to a strong presumption that "counsel's conduct falls within the wide range of reasonable professional assistance." Strickland, 466 U.S. at 689. An attorney is not ineffective for failing to raise or preserve a meritless issue. Ladd v. Jones, 864 F.2d 108, 109-10 (11th Cir. 1989); United States v. Winfield, 960 F.2d 970, 974 (11th Cir. 1992) ("a lawyer's failure to preserve a meritless issue plainly cannot prejudice a client"). "To state the obvious: the trial lawyers, in every case, could have done something more or something different. So, omissions are inevitable. But, the issue is not what is possible or `what is prudent or appropriate, but only what is constitutionally compelled.'" Chandler v. United States, 218 F.3d 1305, 1313 (11th Cir. 2000)(quoting Burger v. Kemp, 483 U.S. 776, 794 (1987)).
Petitioner claims that trial counsel was ineffective for misrepresenting the sentence that he would receive (Doc. No. 1 at 6).
Petitioner raised this ground in his Rule 3.850 motion for post-conviction relief (App. C). The state trial court denied the claim, stating the following:
(App. C at 33-34). The appellate court affirmed per curiam. Id. at 60.
In analyzing the constitutionality of a guilty plea, a reviewing court must determine that the plea represents a "voluntary and intelligent choice among the alternative courses of action open to the defendant." Hill v. Lockhart, 474 U.S. 52, 56 (1985). Additionally, the Supreme Court has determined that "the representations of the defendant . . . [at a plea proceeding] constitute a formidable barrier in any subsequent collateral proceedings. Solemn declarations in open court carry a strong presumption of verity." Blackledge, 431 U.S. at 73-74. The Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals has held that "[a] reviewing federal court may set aside a state court guilty plea only for failure to satisfy due process: If a defendant understands the charges against him, understands the consequences of a guilty plea, and voluntarily chooses to plead guilty, without being coerced to do so, the guilty plea . . . will be upheld on federal review." Stano v. Dugger, 921 F.2d 1125, 1141 (11th Cir. 1991).
The record supports the state court's denial of this claim. The written plea form, signed by Petitioner, states that he is pleading guilty to a first degree felony punishable by life (App. A at 124). Moreover, the plea form provides that no one has promised Petitioner anything in exchange for the plea and that Petitioner understands that there is no promise as to any specific sentence. Id. During the plea colloquy, defense counsel told the trial court that he had advised Petitioner of the maximum sentence he was facing, life imprisonment. Id. at 169. The trial court made note of the fact that the State had made an offer of twenty years in prison, which Petitioner declined. Id. at 170. The court then again advised Petitioner that he was facing a potential life sentence. Id. Petitioner told the court that he had read and signed the open plea form and understood that there were no promises made as to what sentence he might receive. Id. at 171-72. The court further noted that it would listen to evidence at the sentencing hearing in order to determine what an appropriate sentence would be in this case. Id. at 173.
Petitioner has not demonstrated that trial counsel acted deficiently in this case. Petitioner was advised by defense counsel and the trial court that he could potentially receive life in prison. Moreover, the plea form, which Petitioner stated he had read and understood, indicated that he was entering a plea to a first degree felony punishable by life and that there was no promise of a specific sentence. Even if counsel had stated that Petitioner likely would receive less than twenty years in prison, Petitioner told the court that he understood that there were no promises as to a specific sentence in this case. Petitioner's sworn statements to the trial court carry a strong presumption of truth and Petitioner has not sufficiently demosntrated that this Court should overlook those statements. Blackledge, 430 U.S. at 74; United States v. Medlock, 12 F.3d 185, 187 (11th Cir. 1994). Petitioner has not shown that but for trial counsel's deficiencies that he would not have entered the open plea and instead would have gone to trial. The state court's determination of this claim is neither contrary to, nor an unreasonable application of, clearly established federal law. Accordingly, this claim is denied pursuant to § 2254(d).
Any of Petitioner's allegations not specifically addressed herein have been found to be without merit.
A prisoner seeking to appeal a district court's final order denying his petition for writ of habeas corpus has no absolute entitlement to appeal but must obtain a certificate of appealability ("COA"). 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(1); Harbison v. Bell, 556 U.S. 180 (2009). "A [COA] may issue . . . only if the applicant has made a substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right." 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2). To make such a showing, petitioner "must demonstrate that reasonable jurists would find the district court's assessment of the constitutional claims debatable or wrong," Tennard v. Dretke, 542 U.S. 274, 282 (2004) or, that "the issues presented were adequate to deserve encouragement to proceed further." Miller-El v. Cockrell, 537 U.S. 322, 335-36 (2003). Petitioner has not made the requisite showing in these circumstances. The Court will deny Petitioner a certificate of appealability.
Accordingly, it is
1. The Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus filed by Eli Cotrufello (Doc. No. 1) is
2. Petitioner is
3. The Clerk of the Court is directed to close this case.