VIRGINIA M. HERNANDEZ COVINGTON, District Judge.
This cause is before the Court pursuant to Defendant Liberty Mutual Fire Insurance Company's Motion for Summary Judgment (Doc. # 42), filed on December 14, 2016. Plaintiff Goetz Vehse filed a Response in Opposition to the Motion for Summary Judgment (Doc. # 46) on January 17, 2017, and Liberty Mutual filed a Reply (Doc. # 51) on January 25, 2017. The Court grants the Motion for the reasons that follow.
On February 23, 2017, this Court entered an Order explaining that Vehse's response to Liberty Mutual's Motion for Summary Judgment was procedurally deficient. (Doc. # 56). The Court noted that Liberty Mutual's "Motion for Summary Judgment fully complies with the undersigned's directives regarding a Statement of Material Facts. Specifically, Liberty Mutual outlines 35 specific Material Facts." (
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Here, the Court warned Vehse that it would be acting well within its discretion to grant Liberty Mutual's Motion for Summary Judgment based on Vehse's deficient response, but in an abundance of fairness, granted Vehse the opportunity to conform to the Court's procedures. The Court directed Vehse "to file a submission admitting or denying Liberty Mutual's factual allegations, with citation to the record, by February 28, 2017." (
Liberty Mutual issued Vehse a homeowners insurance policy # H32-251-404160-100 3 (the 2010 Policy), effective April 12, 2010, to April 12, 2011, for Vehse's home in New Port Richey, Florida. (Doc. # 42-2). The 2010 Policy states that Liberty Mutual will pay for necessary repairs in case of a sinkhole loss that occurs during the effective period. (
On July 20, 2010, adjuster Jeff Pyatt, reported a possible sinkhole claim on behalf of Vehse to Liberty Mutual. (Van Hooven Aff. Doc. # 42-3 at ¶ 5). Liberty Mutual, in turn, retained Rimkus Consulting Group, Inc., an independent engineering firm, to investigate Vehse's claim. (
Rimkus's 2010 Report contained several limitations, including:
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Liberty Mutual identified several available contractors to perform the required repairs, and solicited bids for the work. (Van Hooven Aff. Doc. # 42-3 at ¶ 2). Liberty Mutual obtained bids from NEC Keystone, Inc., Earth Tech, LLC, and L.R.E. Ground Services, Inc. (
RAB performed the repairs Rimkus recommended beween January and April of 2011, and Rimkus monitored the repairs, as reflected in Rimkus's Report of Findings dated June 9, 2011. (Doc. # 42-6). That Report noted that RAB completed the subsurface grouting program, steel underpinning, and polyurethane injections as recommended by Rimkus. (
After these repairs, Vehse hired R.J. Simone Enterprises to perform cosmetic or above-ground repairs to the property. Vehse testified about this during his Examination Under Oath on July 24, 2015. (Doc. # 42-7 at 26). Liberty Mutual paid Vehse for the cosmetic repairs. (Van Hooven Aff. Doc. # 42-3 at ¶ 10). Vehse testified that after R.J. Simone completed its work, all damage to his home had been repaired and no unrepaired damage remained. (Doc. # 42-7 at 27-28).
Liberty Mutual did not renew Vehse's homeowners insurance coverage after July 2012, and Vehse procured homeowners insurance from Citizens Property Insurance Corporation, without sinkhole coverage. (Doc. # 42-7 at 16). Vehse explained: "I did not [obtain sinkhole coverage] because I figured everything was fixed; so I didn't need it." (
In June of 2015, years after the effective date of the 2010 Policy with Liberty Mutual, Vehse notified Liberty Mutual of new damage to the home. (
On January 21, 2016, Vehse sued Liberty Mutual in state court for breach of contract. (Doc. # 2). Liberty Mutual removed the case to this Court based on complete diversity of citizenship. (Doc. # 1). Vehse filed an Amended Complaint on May 13, 2016, containing two counts for breach of contract. (Doc. # 18).
Vehse asserts in Count One of his Amended Complaint that:
(Doc. # 18 at ¶ 17). In Count Two, Vehse contends that Liberty Mutual breached the insurance contract because: "Defendant undertook a repair of Plaintiff's Property. By virtue of Defendant's purported election to repair under the above-referenced insurance contract, a new repair contract arose by implication of law, under which Defendant was bound to restore Plaintiff's home to a pre-loss condition within a reasonable time." (
On May 23, 2016, Liberty Mutual filed its Answer and Affirmative Defenses to Vehse's Amended Complaint. (Doc. # 20). Among other defenses, Liberty Mutual claims that Vehse's suit "is barred by accord and satisfaction" because "Liberty Mutual has tendered all amounts due under the Policy, and these amounts were accepted by the Plaintiff." (
Summary judgment is appropriate "if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). A factual dispute alone is not enough to defeat a properly pled motion for summary judgment; only the existence of a genuine issue of material fact will preclude a grant of summary judgment.
An issue is genuine if the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party.
If there is a conflict between the parties' allegations or evidence, the non-moving party's evidence is presumed to be true and all reasonable inferences must be drawn in the non-moving party's favor.
Vehse seeks relief for breach of contract. The Court applies the law of Florida in this diversity case. The elements of a breach of contract claim are: (1) the existence of a contract; (2) a breach of the contract; and (3) damages resulting from the breach.
Liberty Mutual is entitled to summary judgment for the simple reason that it did not contract for the repairs of the home. Liberty Mutual does not dispute that a valid contract existed between it and Vehse, the 2010 Policy. However, the 2010 Policy is an indemnity contract, not a repair contract. The 2010 Policy explains: "(1) We will pay to stabilize the land and building and repair the foundation in accordance with the recommendations of a professional engineer and in consultation with you as under 627.7073." (Doc. # 42-2 at 32). Notably, the 2010 Policy states that this coverage is only for losses that occur during the effective period: "SECTIONS I AND II — CONDITIONS — 1. Policy Period. This policy applies only to loss . . . which occurs during the policy period." (
In accordance with the 2010 Policy, Liberty Mutual was responsible to pay for repairs, but not responsible for conducting the repairs itself. That is, the 2010 Policy is an indemnity contract.
Vehse contracted directly with RAB to perform the repairs and Liberty Mutual was not a party to the contract. Liberty Mutual had no relationship with RAB. Liberty Mutual certainly made suggestions to Vehse as to who Vehse should hire to make the repairs, and even solicited bids in an effort to ensure that a qualified contractor was available to render all repairs. However, Vehse independently selected RAB and contracted with RAB to make repairs. As suggested by Liberty Mutual, if Vehse now contends that RAB negligently repaired the land, Vehse should sue RAB, not Liberty Mutual. (Doc. # 42 at 14).
Interestingly, in response to the Motion for Summary Judgment, Vehse argues, "Defendant elected to repair Plaintiff's home which ultimately failed." (Doc. # 46 at 1). Vehse states that there is a material issue of fact as to "whether Defendant elected to repair Plaintiff's home;" but Vehse has supplied no citation to the record to support this vague contention. (
In no instance does Vehse support his argument that Liberty Mutual elected to repair the property with a citation to the record. In fact, the record amply demonstrates that Vehse himself hired contractors to make the repairs. Liberty Mutual was obligated to pay for the repairs made to the property, and it cannot be disputed that Liberty Mutual fulfilled its obligations under the 2010 Policy. To be sure, this is not a case where insurance coverage has been denied during an insurance policy's effective period based on an insurer's determination that damage was not caused by sinkhole activity. Here, Vehse reported a sinkhole during the effective period of his 2010 insurance policy, and Liberty Mutual, his insurer, paid for all repairs made to the property. Now, the period of insurance coverage has ended, and Vehse has not contracted for sinkhole coverage with any insurance company. This situation cannot be attributed to Liberty Mutual, a party that fully complied with all of its obligations under a contract that has expired and is no longer in effect. Vehse has not provided any citation to facts in the record that justify extending liability years after the effective date of the 2010 Policy and years after the termination of the relevant 2010 insurance policy.
The party opposing a motion for summary judgment must rely on more than conclusory statements or allegations unsupported by facts.
When confronted with Vehse's circular and procedurally deficient response to the Motion for Summary Judgment, the Court, in an abundance of fairness, provided Vehse with an opportunity to provide a factual basis for his arguments. Vehse did not avail himself of the opportunity. Vehse has not identified any genuine issues of material fact, supported by the record, for resolution by a jury. The Court finds that Liberty Mutual is entitled to judgment as a matter of law and therefore grants Liberty Mutual's Motion for Summary Judgment.
Accordingly, it is