G. R. SMITH, Magistrate Judge.
The defendants in this jail conditions case move for summary judgment against pro se inmate plaintiff Dwayne Stovall.
Previously the Court screened this 42 U.S.C. § 1983 case and ruled that Stovall stated a Sixth Amendment claim against Liberty County, Georgia police detective Charles Woodall. Doc. 6, reported at 2013 WL 1339712 (S.D. Ga. Apr. 1, 2013), adopted, doc. 39 (S.D. Ga. Mar. 3, 2014) (Stovall II). That claim is now subject to this Court's recent ruling in an earlier Stovall lawsuit against different defendants. Stovall v. State Dist. Atty, CV412-204 (S.D. Ga. Jul. 30, 2012) (Stovall I). There he claimed that his Sixth Amendment rights had been violated when jail officials refused to grant him private meetings with his public defender regarding criminal charges against him. Id., doc. 8, reported at 2012 WL 5722604 (S.D. Ga. Nov. 15, 2012). Stovall, this Court ruled, stated a claim that defendants had violated his Sixth Amendment right to the effective assistance of counsel. doc. 8 at 5.
The Court, however, has since abrogated that ruling, concluding that Stovall's case must be dismissed because he failed to plead prejudice even if guards overheard those conversations. Doc. 48 at 6-7. Also, no
Id. at 7-8 (cite omitted).
Finally, Stovall's "surviving § 1983 claim rests upon the assertion that his Sixth Amendment rights were violated merely because his conversations with counsel may have been overheard by a jail guard. Such an assertion falls short of making out a claim for relief under § 1983." Id. at 8 (emphasis added). Speculation, after all, can advance no legal claim. See Paylor v. Hartford Fire Ins. Co., ___ F.3d ___, 2014 WL 1363544 at *3 (11th Cir. Apr. 8, 2014).
In this case against a new batch of Liberty County defendants, Stovall alleges that on January 11, 2013, he was deprived of his right to meet with his lawyer in confidence to discuss his then-upcoming criminal trial.
Id. Stovall thus sues Woodall for listening in on his attorney-client conferences.
Nor has Stovall pled anything beyond sheer speculation on the prejudice component of this Sixth Amendment claim, so it fails on those grounds, too. Under the earlier-cited screening authority, doc. 6 at 2 n. 1, then, Stovall's Sixth Amendment claim must be dismissed, which means Woodall must be dropped as a defendant outright. That, in turn, moots his summary judgment motion. Doc. 28.
In contrast to Stovall I, plaintiff also raises separate First Amendment and Due Process claims here. See Stauffer v. Gearhart, 741 F.3d 574, 583-84 (5th Cir. 2014) (First Amendment, prison censorship case); Daker v. Chatman, 2007 WL 4061961 at *3 (N.D. Ga. Oct. 31, 2007) (due process, prison censorship case). He says that in January 2012, he purchased a Georgia law enforcement handbook that arrived in paper and CD-ROM form. Brigitte Pittman, the jail's mail clerk, "placed the disc in my inmate property"
Also, in May 2012, Stovall subscribed to a magazine called "Smooth." He says it is "approved by [the] Georgia Dept. of Corrections publications list," but Pittman routed it to his property locker because she considered it "inappropriate" despite its lack of nudity or "sexual exploitation." doc. 1 at 6-7. She did this, he complains, despite the fact that another "inmate receives `Maxim' which is banned from some Georgia jails." Id. at 7. Plaintiff says he administratively grieved the matter to no avail,
The Court dismissed Stovall's property-loss claims in light of available state remedies, doc. 6 at 6-7, then concluded that he stated First Amendment (censorship) and Due Process violations against defendants Pittman and Duncan. Doc. 6 at 7-8. Those defendants now move for summary judgment
Under Thornburgh v. Abbott, 490 U.S. 401 (1987), and Turner v. Safley, 482 U.S. 78 (1987), Stovall's First Amendment rights
Here Stovall, who has since admitted to ultimately receiving (after he was transferred from the jail) one CD-ROM and some of his Smooth magazines, doc. 35 at 2,
Defendants have also shown that CD-ROMs can be weaponized and thus a valid jail policy bans them. doc. 26-3 at 2 ¶ 10 ("Inmates are not permitted to have cd-roms due to the risk that they may be broken and the sharp edges may be used as a weapon. If an inmate is sent a cd-rom, it is the practice of jail staff to place it in the inmate's property locker."). Stovall does not challenge that justification, and admits that he ultimately received one of his CD-ROMs when he was transferred out of the jail. doc. 32; doc. 26-2 at 50, 64. His CD-ROM-based claims thus fail.
Finally, qualified immunity shields government officials from money damages unless a plaintiff pleads facts showing (1) that the official violated a constitutional or statutory right, and (2) that the right was clearly established at the time of the challenged conduct. Ashcroft v. al-Kidd, ___ U.S. ___, 131 S.Ct. 2074, 2080 (2011). Conduct violates clearly established law when "the contours of a right are sufficiently clear that every reasonable official would have understood that what he is doing violates that right." Id. at 2083 (quotes, cite, and alterations omitted); Keith, 2014 WL 1614291 at *6-7. Once a defendant invokes qualified immunity, the plaintiff must rebut its applicability. Keith, 2014 WL 1614291 at *7
Since there is no clearly established law on the limits of sexual-content censorship,'
The Court should GRANT defendants' motion for summary judgment (doc. 28) and
Plaintiff insists that his grievance appeal was frustrated, doc. 32 at 19-20, but defendants have submitted unrebutted evidence of Stovall's grievance and the jail's response on that score. doc. 26-10 at 14-15; see also doc. 32 at 25 (Stovall did not affirm his factual counter-assertions under penalty of perjury); doc. 31 at 17 (Stovall's own filing showing that he grieved and received a response to his "missing CD-ROM" claim, and it shows that he received one CD-ROM "in his property locker and on 1/08-13 he return[ed] package back to law publishing company so we don't have the other one."). For that matter, inmates have no right to a particular grievance procedure, so no due process claim can be premised on complaints about them. Cato v. Yale, 2014 WL 1045751 at *1 (9th Cir. Mar. 19, 2014); Ramirez v. Galaza, 334 F.3d 850, 860 (9th Cir. 2003) ("[I]nmates lack a separate constitutional entitlement to a specific grievance procedure.").
Paylor, 2014 WL 1363544 at *3.
Reneau v. Mahoney, 2014 WL 1224734 at *8 (D. Cob. Mar. 25, 2014).
72 C.J.S. PRISONS § 67 (Mar. 2014) (footnotes omitted). Hence, subjectivity seems inescapable in the sexual content realm. Another encyclopedist proffers no bright line, only an outer limit:
2 RIGHTS OF PRISONERS § 6:12 (footnotes omitted); see also Owen v. Wille, 117 F.3d 1235 (11th Cir. 1997) (prison officials did not violate prisoner's First Amendment rights by depriving him of access to publications with nude photos, given prison practice under which each publication sent to prisoner underwent review by at least three prison officials before being rejected), cited in Gray v. Cannon, ___ F. Supp. 2d ___, 2013 WL 3754191 at *5 (N.D. Ill. July 16, 2013) (collecting cases). For federal prisons, incidentally, Congress has spoken, but its statute speaks merely to the authority to ban smut, rather than define what it is. Jordan v. Sosa, 577 F.Supp.2d 1162 (D. Cob. 2008), cited in 2 RIGHTS OF PRISONERS § 6:12 (4th ed. Oct. 2013).