Filed: Oct. 27, 2014
Latest Update: Mar. 02, 2020
Summary: 14-750 Dukes v. New York City Emp. Ret. Sys. & Bd. of Tr. UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH T
Summary: 14-750 Dukes v. New York City Emp. Ret. Sys. & Bd. of Tr. UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH TH..
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14‐750
Dukes v. New York City Emp. Ret. Sys. & Bd. of Tr.
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY
ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE
OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY
ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL
APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY
CITING TO A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY
COUNSEL.
At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second
Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley
Square, in the City of New York, on the 27th day of October, two thousand
fourteen.
PRESENT:
AMALYA L. KEARSE,
CHESTER J. STRAUB,
RICHARD C. WESLEY,
Circuit Judges.
_____________________________________
Cheryl Dukes, for Ralph Dukes, deceased,
Plaintiff‐Appellant,
v. No. 14‐750
New York City Employees’ Retirement
System, and Board of Trustees,
Defendant‐Appellee.
_____________________________________
FOR APPELLANT: Cheryl Dukes, pro se, Staten Island, NY.
FOR APPELLEE: Kristin M. Helmers (Janet L. Zaleon, on the brief), for
Zachary W. Carter, Corporation Counsel of the City of
New York, New York, NY.
_____________________________________
Appeal from a judgment of the United States District Court for the
Eastern District of New York (Weinstein, J.).
UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the
judgment is AFFIRMED.
Appellant Cheryl Dukes, proceeding pro se, appeals from the district
court’s judgment entered on February 12, 2014, dismissing her complaint for
lack of subject matter jurisdiction. We assume the parties’ familiarity with the
underlying facts, the procedural history of the case, and the issues on appeal.
“A plaintiff asserting subject matter jurisdiction has the burden of
proving by a preponderance of the evidence that it exists.” Makarova v. United
States, 201 F.3d 110, 113 (2d Cir. 2000). When determining whether subject
matter jurisdiction exists, the district court may examine evidence outside the
pleadings. See id. When, as here, it has done so, we review the district court’s
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factual findings for clear error and its legal conclusions de novo. See id.
We find no error in the district court’s decision. The district court
properly determined that Dukes sought to bring only state‐law claims in federal
court. See Campo v. N.Y.C. Emp. Ret. Sys., 843 F.2d 96, 101 (2d Cir. 1988). As a
result, there was no federal question to establish jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C.
§ 1331. Nor did the district court err in concluding that Dukes failed to
establish diversity jurisdiction. Diversity of citizenship exists only if, at the
time the action is commenced, the adverse parties are domiciliaries of different
states. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a); Linardos v. Fortuna, 157 F.3d 945, 948 (2d Cir.
1998). To determine domicile, courts examine physical presence and intent to
remain in that place indefinitely. Miss. Band of Choctaw Indians v. Holyfield, 490
U.S. 30, 48 (1989). Defendant is domiciled in New York. Dukes stated at the
district court hearing that she was living and working in New York and
intended to remain there indefinitely, particularly if her application for a New
York business license—an application that was pending when she commenced
this action—was granted. She provided no written or oral evidence of definite
plans to return to and remain in Pennsylvania. In light of these facts, the
evidence Dukes proffered was insufficient to establish, by a preponderance of
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the evidence, the existence of diversity of citizenship. Makarova, 201 F.3d at
113; see also District of Columbia v. Murphy, 314 U.S. 441, 456 (1941).
Further, the court was not required to grant leave to amend because, in
light of the evidence presented at the hearing, Dukes could not establish
diversity jurisdiction by amending her complaint. See Cuoco v. Moritsugu, 222
F.3d 99, 112 (2d Cir. 2000).1
We have considered Dukes’s remaining contentions and find them to be
without merit. Accordingly, the district court’s judgment is AFFIRMED.
FOR THE COURT:
Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk
1 We also note that Dukes cannot challenge the district court’s order denying
reconsideration because she filed her only notice of appeal before the district court
denied reconsideration, and she did not amend her notice of appeal to encompass that
denial. See Fed. R. App. P. 4(a)(4)(B)(ii).
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