MILTON I. SHADUR, Senior District Judge.
Nearly fully 14 years have elapsed since this Court, prompted in material part by a desire to relieve its secretary from the burden of repeatedly typing corrective rulings as to a number of flaws that had pervaded all too many responsive pleadings, published an Appendix to its opinion in
Nothing daunted, this Court contemplates publishing this memorandum opinion and order to address some practices employed by responsible lawyers in responsible law firms who have committed other venial (not mortal) sins that some further thought would have avoided. Because hope springs eternal, perhaps what is said here may gain some currency.
To begin with, the Answer just filed on behalf of Kaplan, Inc. ("Kaplan") to the putative class and collective action brought by Sharon Freeman ("Freeman") contains a large number of proper invocations of the disclaimer permitted by Fed. R. Civ. P. ("Rule") 8(b)(5) where neither an admission or a denial of a complaint's allegation may conscientiously be advanced under Rule 8(b)(1)(B) (see Answer ¶¶ 14, 17, 30, 45, 46, 55 and 81). But having invoked that disclaimer, Kaplan's counsel then impermissibly go on to add "and, therefore, denies the allegations in Paragraph — of the Complaint." It is of course oxymoronic for a party to assert (presumably in good faith) that it lacks even enough information to form a
In another variant on the use of the Rule 8(b)(5) disclaimer, Answer ¶ 79 quite permissibly disclaims the Complaint ¶ 79 allegation as to what Freeman "reasonably believes." But having done so, Kaplan's counsel (who of course cannot know what Freeman actually believes) should simply have gone on to deny the reasonableness of any such belief, rather than denying all of the Complaint ¶ 79 allegations.
Next on the list are a number of what appear to be some belt-and-suspender statements that are really not appropriate responses to allegations in the Complaint. Each of Answer ¶¶ 4, 5, 58, 59, 77 and 78 couple an appropriate response to the corresponding Complaint allegations (for example, as to jurisdiction, venue and the like) with a pious denial of any wrongdoing by Kaplan. But where a particular allegation is entirely neutral on that score, such as one asserting the source of subject matter jurisdiction that is admitted by Kaplan, such a gratuitous denial of wrongdoing (which has not been asserted at all in the Complaint's allegation) has no proper place in the pleading.
Finally, on a subject (that of appropriate affirmative defenses ("ADs")) that has already been addressed in part in
This memorandum opinion and order should not be thought of as exhaustive or as excluding Freeman's counsel from raising other issues regarding Kaplan's Answer. What has been said here has been based on a preliminary scanning, rather than an in-depth study, of the Answer as a whole.