SUE E. MYERSCOUGH, District Judge.
Plaintiff, presently incarcerated at Dixon Correctional Center, brought the present lawsuit pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 alleging deliberate indifference to a serious medical need for events that allegedly transpired during his incarceration at Logan Correctional Center. The matter comes before this Court for ruling on the Defendants' Motions for Summary Judgment. (Docs. 112, 114). The motions are granted in part, and denied in part.
Summary judgment should be granted "if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). All facts must be construed in the light most favorable to the non-moving party, and all reasonable inferences must be drawn in his favor.
Plaintiff was incarcerated at Logan Correctional Center ("Logan") from September 14, 2011, until February 8, 2012. Defendants were employed at the facility in the following capacities: Defendant Weatherford was a nurse; Defendant Lercher Hopp was the Healthcare Unit Administrator.
Plaintiff was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1 on December 13, 2011, following an acute diabetic episode. Plaintiff had not been previously diagnosed with diabetes. According to Plaintiff, the symptoms he experienced (excessive thirst and urination, cramps, difficulty walking) began as early as December 1, 2011.
During the relevant time period, inmates at Logan could request medical treatment at any time through the nurse sick call procedure by filling out a request form. Nurse sick call was held for each housing unit on one scheduled day per week. At some point between December 1, 2011 and his eventual diagnosis, Plaintiff was scheduled for dental sick call, but he did not go.
Inmates could also attempt to get medical treatment by writing to Defendant Lercher Hopp directly. If, after receiving a letter from an inmate, Defendant Lercher Hopp believed that the conditions described warranted attention, she could (1) place the inmate on her call line, which is separate from nurse sick call; or (2) take the request to the nurse on duty and request that the inmate be summoned to the healthcare unit for examination. Lercher Hopp Dep. 48:2-17. Defendant Lercher Hopp testified that requests made via institutional mail usually arrive the next day.
On December 8, 2011, Plaintiff wrote a letter to Defendant Lercher Hopp. (Doc. 118-3 at 1). In the letter, Plaintiff stated that his mouth is constantly dry, that he drank 12 bottles of water during a 35-minute visit with his wife, that he urinated 20 times in a two-to-three hour period, and that he feels tired, is constantly sweating, and has experienced weight loss. Defendant Lercher Hopp does not remember receiving this letter. Lercher Hopp Dep. 46:11-13.
When he received no response to his first letter, Plaintiff wrote a second letter describing the same symptoms. (Doc. 118-3 at 2). Defendant Lercher Hopp identified handwritten notations, dated December 13, 2011, on the letter as her own. Defendant Lercher Hopp explained that the notations indicate that she would have given the letter to a nurse and requested that Plaintiff be called over to the healthcare unit. Lercher Hopp Dep. 51:5-52:24.
At some point before he was diagnosed, Plaintiff encountered Defendant Weatherford in the healthcare unit for an annual tuberculosis ("TB") test. Plaintiff testified that he attempted to convey the above-described symptoms to Defendant Weatherford along with a comment that he felt like he was dying. Pl.'s Dep. 62:14-15 ("I said look, Nurse, I'm dying...."). According to Plaintiff, Defendant Weatherford responded to his request for help by stating, "I don't give a fuck, sign up for sick call. I got to have them do this TB test, get out of my face."
Defendant Weatherford testified in her deposition that she does not remember this encounter. Weatherford Dep. 20:5-14. She also testified that if she noticed an inmate experiencing problems during administration of TB tests, she would help them or direct them to the nurse sick call area located on the other end of the building.
Medical staff examined Plaintiff on December 13, 2011, when he was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1. Plaintiff testified he received this treatment when he flagged down a correctional sergeant in his housing unit and explained his symptoms. Pl.'s Dep. 52:8-53:3.
Inmates are entitled to adequate medical care under the Eighth Amendment.
As Plaintiff now seeks relief only against Defendant Lercher Hopp and Defendant Weatherford, the issue before the Court is whether a triable issue of material fact exists as it relates to the delay in receiving treatment. Where delay in receiving medical treatment is at issue, a plaintiff must offer "verifying medical evidence" that the delay, rather than the underlying condition, caused some degree of harm.
Defendants argue that Plaintiff cannot provide such evidence because Defendant Obaisi testified that the delay Plaintiff experienced would not have caused any lasting harm. Obaisi Dep. 65:13-66:6. Nevertheless, Defendant Obaisi also testified that Plaintiff's symptoms constituted a "Code 3" emergency.
Defendant Weatherford argues that she could not have been deliberately indifferent because other evidence suggests that Plaintiff was able to walk, stand, and speak clearly during the time that she checked his TB results. Even so, she cannot dispute Plaintiff's testimony that he told her he was suffering from dry mouth, excessive thirst and urination, and a feeling that he was going to die because she does not recall the specific interaction. The symptoms Plaintiff described, as Defendant Lercher Hopp testified, would not have been readily observable to a medical professional fielding these complaints. Lercher Hopp Dep. 44:23-45:4 ("I am not going to know that they are urinating and that they are drinking multiple bottles of water and eating...and that they are tired. So I am only going to notice what is visible to the human eye.").
If, after listening to Plaintiff's complaints, Defendant Weatherford responded in the way Plaintiff alleges not because she felt Plaintiff did not need help, but because she was busy and she believed her administrative duty assignment took precedence over an emergency, a reasonable juror could infer deliberate indifference.
Moreover, the presence of other prison officials to whom Plaintiff could have complained, but did not, allows for both an inference that Plaintiff was not in as much pain as he alleges, or that Defendant Weatherford was deliberately indifferent, or both. If help was readily available from other officials, Defendant Weatherford could have referred Plaintiff to these individuals, but she did not do so.
Defendant Lercher Hopp, on the other hand, did not have any personal interaction with Plaintiff. Plaintiff's claims against her are premised around her response, or lack thereof, to Plaintiff's written requests for medical treatment. The Court must conclude at this stage in the proceedings that Defendant Lercher Hopp received Plaintiff's December 8, 2011 letter the day after it was sent.
Defendant Lercher Hopp argues that Plaintiff's letters are not sufficient to show that she had personal knowledge of Plaintiff's plight. An inmate, however, may establish a basis for personal liability based upon written correspondence where the correspondence to a prison administrator provides sufficient information regarding a constitutional violation.
If, as Plaintiff asserts, Defendants Weatherford and Lercher Hopp ignored his requests for medical treatment and their refusals unnecessarily prolonged Plaintiff's pain, a reasonable juror could find in Plaintiff's favor. Therefore, Defendants' respective motions for summary judgment as they relate to Defendants Weatherford and Lercher Hopp are denied.
In his response to the Defendants' motions for summary judgment, Plaintiff stated that he was no longer seeking relief against Defendants Obaisi, Dawson, Roberson, and Reynolds. (Doc. 117 at 12). Plaintiff does not dispute the asserted facts that Defendants Dawson, Roberson, and Reynolds did not have personal involvement in Plaintiff's medical care, and, instead, relied upon the decisions of Logan's medical staff.
Furthermore, no reasonable inference exists that Defendant Obaisi was aware of Plaintiff's medical condition prior to the examination on December 13, 2011 where Defendant Obaisi diagnosed Plaintiff with diabetes mellitus type 1 and ordered appropriate medical treatment.
Therefore, the Defendants' motions for summary judgment as they relate to Defendants' Obaisi, Dawson, Roberson, and Reynolds are granted.
Defendants Weatherford and Lercher Hopp assert the defense of qualified immunity. "[G]overnment officials performing discretionary functions are immune from suit if their conduct could reasonably have been thought consistent with the rights they are alleged to have violated."
Viewed in the light most favorable to the Plaintiff, Plaintiff's access to medical treatment was delayed after medical staff at Logan learned about his serious medical condition. At the time of these alleged events, a prisoner's right to adequate medical treatment had been clearly established, as had the prison official's duty to provide such treatment.