AMY J. ST. EVE, Magistrate Judge.
Before the Court is Defendant Wyeth's Motion for Summary Judgment on Plaintiff's Fraud, Misrepresentation, and Express Warranty Claims. (R. 83.) For the reasons explained below, the motion is denied in its entirety.
From May of 1996 until September of 1998, Plaintiff on Belle Baldonado took Prempro, a prescription hormone therapy medication. Plaintiff had previously taken Provera, but switched to Prempro to help alleviate certain menopausal symptoms. Plaintiffs prescribing physicians were Dr. Terestia Avila and Dr. Mani Akkineni. In or about September of 1998, Plaintiff was diagnosed with breast cancer and stopped taking Prempro at the direction of Dr. Avila. Alleging that Prempro caused her breast cancer, Plaintiff filed the present civil action against Defendant and others. The Court presumes familiarity with the underlying factual allegations and procedural history of this litigation, and incorporates herein by reference the background information set forth in the Court's written opinions dated May 31, 2012 (R. 229), May 17, 2012 (R. 205), May 7, 2012 (R. 179), and March 6, 2012 (R. 125).
Summary judgment is appropriate "if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). A genuine dispute as to any material fact exists if "the evidence is such that a reasonable jury could return a verdict for the nonmoving party." Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 248, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 2510, 91 L. Ed. 2d 202 (1986). In considering summary judgment motions, "facts must be viewed in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party only if there is a `genuine' dispute as to those facts." Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 380, 127 S.Ct. 1769, 167 L. Ed. 2d 686 (2007). The party seeking summary judgment has the initial burden of establishing the lack of a genuine dispute as to any material fact. Celotex Corp. v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 323, 106 S.Ct. 2548, 91 L. Ed. 2d 265 (1986). After "a properly supported motion for summary judgment is made, the adverse party `must set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.'" Anderson, 477 U.S. at 255 (quotation omitted).
Defendant moves for partial summary judgment on Plaintiffs claims of fraud (R. 1, Am. Compl. ¶¶ 115-18); negligent misrepresentation (id. ¶¶ 108-112); and breach of express warranty (id. ¶¶ 101-06.) The Court addresses each claim below.
Defendant seeks partial summary judgment on Plaintiffs common-law fraud claim. (R. 84, Def.'s Mem. at 3.) Plaintiff alleges that Defendant intentionally made false and misleading statements about the safety of Prempro both on its label and through various marketing practices. (R. 1, Am. Compl. ¶¶ 113-24 (detailing marketing practices).) Specifically, Plaintiff alleges that Defendant "disseminated" materials that falsely and deceptively misrepresented numerous material facts regarding their hormone therapy drugs, "including, but not limited to. . . . the presence and adequacy of the testing . . . both pre- and post-marketing; the severity and frequency of adverse health effects caused by the hormone therapy drugs; the range of injuries caused by the hormone therapy drugs; and the lack of any reliable science to support representations about the benefits of hormone therapy." (Id. ¶ 121.)
Under Illinois law, the elements of common-law fraud are "`(1) a false statement of material fact; (2) defendant's knowledge that the statement was false; (3) defendant's intent that the statement induce the plaintiff to act; (4) plaintiffs reliance upon the truth of the statement; and (5) plaintiffs damages resulting from reliance on the statement.'" Tricontinental Indus. Ltd. v. PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP, 475 F.3d 824, 841 (7th Cir. 2007) (quoting Connick v. Suzuki Motor Co., 174 Ill.2d 482, 496, 221 Ill.Dec. 389, 675 N.E.2d 584 (1996)).
Here, Defendant makes four arguments in favor of summary judgment on the fraud claim.
As an initial matter, contrary to Defendant's contention, Plaintiff does dispute Defendant's statement that the label was accurate. (See R. 137, Pl.'s 56.1 Stmnt. Resp. ¶ 35.) Furthermore, Defendant's reliance on an excerpted portion of Dr. Parisian's prior testimony, from another case, is unpersuasive. Not only does Defendant present the testimony out of context (by, for instance, omitting her direct testimony
Second, Defendant argues that "Plaintiff has not identified any statement that Wyeth or its representatives made to her physician (or to her) with knowledge that it was false."
Third, Defendant argues that the record contains "no evidence" that Plaintiff or her prescribing physicians "relied on any false statements from Wyeth." (R. 84, Def.'s Mem. at 6.) The Court recently rejected this same argument in denying Defendant's motion to exclude Plaintiffs marketing experts. (R. 206.) In that motion, as here, Defendant relied on heavily excerpted deposition testimony of Plaintiff and her prescribing physicians, but presented out of context. The Court rejected the argument, as it does again, because:
(R. 206 at 7 & n.3 (citing record evidence).)
Finally, Defendant argues — apparently as a separate ground for summary judgment — that "Plaintiff has failed to offer any evidence that Plaintiff was prescribed Prempro for off-label use." (R. 84, Def.'s Mem. at 7 (citing 56.1 Stmnt. ¶ 14).) For this reason, Defendant concludes, the "evidence establishes that Plaintiff took Prempro for the treatment of her menopausal symptoms, an
Accordingly, Defendant's motion for summary judgment on the fraud claim is denied.
Defendant also seeks partial summary judgment on Plaintiffs negligent misrepresentation claim, but does not advance any independent argument as to that claim. Instead, Defendant relies on the same arguments that it advances in support of summary judgment on the fraud claim. See Wafra Leasing Corp. 1999-A-1 v. Prime Capital Corp., No. 01 C 4314, 2004 WL 1977572, at *11 (N.D. Ill. Aug. 31, 2004) (observing that the elements of negligent misrepresentation and fraud are "essentially the same"). Because Defendant is not entitled to summary judgment on the fraud claim, neither is Defendant entitled to summary judgment on the negligent misrepresentation claim.
As such, Defendant's motion for summary judgment on the negligent misrepresentation claim is denied.
Finally, Defendant moves for summary judgment on Plaintiffs breach of express warranty claim. (R. 84, Def.'s Mem. at 7.) Plaintiff alleges that Defendant warranted that its "hormone therapy products were both efficacious and safe for the intended use." (Am. Compl. ¶ 102.) Plaintiff alleges that "these warranties came in the form" of
(Id. ¶¶ 102(i)-(vi).) Plaintiff further alleges that Defendant's "hormone therapy drugs do not conform to these express representations in that they are neither safe nor effective and use of such drugs produce serious adverse side effects." (Id. ¶ 103.)
The Illinois Uniform Commercial Code provides that "[a]ny affirmation of fact or promise made by the seller to the buyer which relates to the goods and becomes part of the basis of the bargain creates an express warranty that the goods shall conform to the affirmation or promise." 810 ILCS 5/2-313(a). Thus, under Illinois law, "[t]o state a claim for breach of express warranty, the buyer must allege that the seller made: (1) an affirmation of fact or promise made to the plaintiff; (2) relating to the goods; (3) which becomes part of the basis of the bargain; and (4) guaranteeing that the goods will conform to the affirmation or promise." Pressalite Corp. v. Matsushita Elec. Corp. of Am., No. 02 C 7086, 2003 WL 1811530, at *2 (N.D. Ill. Apr. 4, 2003) (quoting Int'l Bhd. of Teamsters Local 734 Health & Welfare Trust Fund v. Phillip Morris, Inc., 34 F.Supp.2d 656, 664 (N.D. Ill. 1998)); see also Thacker v. Menard, Inc., 105 F.3d 382, 385 (7th Cir. 1997) (citing 810 ILCS 5/2-313).
Here, Defendant advances two arguments in support of its motion, neither of which is availing. First, Defendant argues that it "did not provide an express warranty for Prempro," as its label and other materials "did not promise doctors or patients any specific outcomes, such as guaranteed heath benefits or no side effects." (R. 84, Def.'s Mem. at 9.) Defendant offers no citation to the factual record, but instead focuses on the complaint, which, according to Defendant, "fails to identify any specific statement by Wyeth about Prempro that forms the basis of Plaintiffs breach of express warranty claim." (Id.) With no citation to the record, and by erroneously focusing on the allegations in the complaint rather than the factual record adduced during discovery, Defendant has again failed to meet its initial burden under Rule 56 "to show there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a); see also Baldonado, 2012 WL 729228, at *5 (citing Kasalo, 2011 WL 2582195, at *3).
Second, Defendant argues that "there is no evidence that Plaintiffs doctors
Accordingly, Defendant's motion for summary judgment on the breach of express warranty claim is denied.
Defendant's motion for summary judgment is denied in its entirety. Nothing in this order precludes either party from moving for judgment as a matter of law, in accordance with Rule 50, based on the evidence adduced at trial. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 50.