W. LOUIS SANDS, District Judge.
Defendant Bridendolph's Professional Bail Enforcement, a Maryland company owned by Defendant Dwayne Bridendolph, Jr., a Maryland resident, conducts bail recovery services. (Doc. 23 ¶¶ 1-2.) At the relevant time, Defendant Forrest Gunter was an employee/agent of Defendant Bridendolph's Bail Enforcement. (Id. ¶ 9.) On or about October 22, 2010, Defendants Bridendolph and Gunter entered a residence located at 206 West Tift Avenue, Albany, Dougherty County, Georgia. (Id. ¶ 14.) Defendants Bridendolph and Gunter were attempting to apprehend Walter Berry for outstanding warrants in Oklahoma. (Id. ¶ 10.) Walter Berry was approximately sixty years old on October 22, 2010, and is the father of Solomon Berry, the Plaintiff in this case, who was twenty-one years old at the time of the incident. (Id. ¶¶ 11-12.) The residence at 206 Tift Ave is owned by Plaintiff. Plaintiff was occupying his residence on October 22, 2010, when Defendants Bridendolph and Gunter, without warning, entered the premises. (Id. ¶ 13.) Per Plaintiff, Defendants violently broke through the front and back doors of the residence and entered the premises without his permission or consent and without a warrant. (Id.) Defendants then proceeded to willfully and wantonly attack the Plaintiff in a vicious manner by forcibly and unjustifiably laying hands on the Plaintiff, striking the Plaintiff, throwing him to the ground and choking him into submission. (Id. ¶ 15.) Defendants then unlawfully restrained Plaintiff by handcuffing him behind his back. (Id. ¶ 16.) Defendants then forcibly and violently removed Plaintiff from the residence and continued to attack Plaintiff by throwing him to the ground and slamming him against his vehicle, a 1996 Cadillac Deville that was parked in front of the residence. (Id. ¶ 17.)
On October 4, 2012, Plaintiff filed his initial Complaint alleging that Defendants violated O.C.G.A. § 51-7-20 (false imprisonment) and § 51-7-22 (false imprisonment by several persons), when they viciously attacked him and unlawfully detained him against his will and without his consent.
At the close of discovery, the Court conducted a bench trial, commencing May 14, 2014. (Doc. 40.) Defendant Gunter, the only defendant in this case to enter an appearance, was not present for the trial nor did he receive the Court's permission to be excused from the trial. Defendants Bridendolph and Bridendolph's Professional Bail Enforcement were not present for trial either, and the Court entertained Plaintiff's Motions for a Default Judgment pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 55 as to these two defendants.
Unlike Defendants Bridendolph and Bridendolph's Professional Bail Enforcement against whom the Court can enter default judgment because they failed to respond to the complaint, the Court will not enter judgment on the pleadings against Defendant Gunter, who answered Plaintiff's Complaint but did not appear for trial.
"False imprisonment is the unlawful detention of the person of another, for any length of time, whereby such person is deprived of his personal liberty." OCGA § 51-7-20. "The only essential elements of the action being the detention and its unlawfulness, malice and the want of probable cause need not be shown." Westberry v. Clanton, 72 S.E. 238, 238 (Ga. 1911). Detention is construed quite broadly under the statute. As noted by the Georgia courts, "[a]lthough `imprisonment' was originally intended to have meant stone walls and iron bars, . . . under modern tort law an individual may be imprisoned when his movements are restrained in the open street, or in a traveling automobile." Ferrell v. Mikula, 672 S.E.2d 7, 11 (Ga. App. 2008) (additional citations and quotations omitted).
Here, the Court concludes that the evidence submitted by Plaintiff makes out a case for false imprisonment. It is clear that the warrant was not for Plaintiff, a twenty-year-old man. It should have been patently obvious that Plaintiff was not the individual listed in the warrant—a sixty-year-old man. Yet Plaintiff was intentionally manhandled, handcuffed and choked. Evidence also shows that Defendants were told by Plaintiff's cousin (Ms. Joan Johnson) of their error but persisted in their forcible manhandling of Plaintiff in an apparent attempt to force Plaintiff to divulge his father's whereabouts. Plaintiff's head was repeatedly slammed against his car after being dragged from his home in public view.
Based on the aforementioned, the Court finds that Plaintiff's claims for compensatory damages in the amount of $7,488.99 and pain and suffering damages in the amount of $22,500.00 are therefore supported by the evidence for Defendants' violation of O.C.G.A. § 51-7-10. For Plaintiff's compensatory and pain and suffering damages, Defendants shall all share equally in Plaintiff's recovery.
The Court also finds that Defendant Gunter's violent and persistent acts, even in the face of evidence that Plaintiff was not the suspect listed in the warrant, support a finding of maliciousness, and therefore, punitive damages in the amount of $20,000. O.C.G.A. § 51-12-5.1(b). It was Defendant Gunter who burst through the front door, tackled Plaintiff and started choking him. Defendant Gunter would also, later, be the individual who slammed Plaintiff up against his own car and dropped Plaintiff to the ground. Defendant Bridendolph, as Defendant Gunter's employer, is also liable for $20,000.00 in punitive damages. Middlebrooks v. Hillcrest Foods, Inc., 256 F.3d 1241, 1247 (11th Cir. 2001) ("Under Georgia law, an employer is liable for punitive damages for the acts of its agent if the agent's conduct is sufficient to support an award of punitive damages.") (citing Gasway v. Atl. & West Point R. Co., 58 Ga. 216 (1877))).
As to Defendant Bridendolph, individually, he is only liable for $5,000.00 in punitive damages because while his individual actions were not malicious, by participating in the false imprisonment of Plaintiff, he showed conscious disregard for Plaintiff's right to be free from detention. See E-Z Serve Convenience Stores, Inc. v. Crowell, 535 S.E.2d 16, 19 (Ga. App. 2000) (noting that ""([c]onscious indifference to consequences) [in O.C.G.A. § 51-12-5.1(b)] relates to an intentional disregard of the rights of another, knowingly or wilfully disregarding such rights") (additional citation omitted). Yes, Defendant Bridendolph pulled Defendant Gunter off of Plaintiff in the house, and there was no allegation that he took part in any of the forcible manhandling. Nevertheless, Defendant Bridendolph is the owner of Bridendolph Bail Enforcement, and, therefore, the boss of Defendant Gunter. For that reason, he was in a position to prevent Defendant Gunter from treating Plaintiff as he did. When he chose not to, his actions showed conscious disregard for the consequences to Plaintiff. Therefore, he too should be liable for punitive damages.