Filed: Sep. 29, 2015
Latest Update: Mar. 02, 2020
Summary: 14-2119-cv Wingates, LLC v. Commonwealth Ins. Co. of Am. UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT'S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH TH
Summary: 14-2119-cv Wingates, LLC v. Commonwealth Ins. Co. of Am. UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT'S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE..
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14‐2119‐cv
Wingates, LLC v. Commonwealth Ins. Co. of Am.
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY
ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE
OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURTʹS LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A
SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE
FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION ʺSUMMARY ORDERʺ). A
PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED
BY COUNSEL.
At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second
Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in
the City of New York, on the 29th day of September, two thousand fifteen.
PRESENT: ROBERT D. SACK,
DENNY CHIN,
CHRISTOPHER F. DRONEY,
Circuit Judges.
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THE WINGATES, LLC, MATRIX REALTY GROUP,
INC.,
Plaintiffs‐Appellants,
v. 14‐2119‐cv
COMMONWEALTH INSURANCE COMPANY OF
AMERICA,
Defendant‐Appellee.
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FOR PLAINTIFFS‐APPELLANTS: HARRIS J. ZAKARIN, Harris J. Zakarin, P.C.,
Melville, New York, and Gerard J. McCreight,
Port Jefferson Station, New York.
FOR DEFENDANT‐APPELLEE: PETER E. KANARIS, Jefferson D. Patten,
Fisher Kanaris, P.C., Chicago, Illinois, and
Michael A. Troisi, Cheryl F. Korman, Rivkin
Radler LLP, Uniondale, New York.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of
New York (Spatt, J.).
UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED,
ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.
Plaintiffs‐appellants The Wingates, LLC and Matrix Realty Group, Inc.
(together, ʺWingatesʺ) appeal from a judgment of the district court entered on May 19,
2014 in favor of defendant‐appellee Commonwealth Insurance Company of America
(ʺCommonwealthʺ) dismissing the complaint. By Memorandum of Decision and Order
entered the same day, the district court granted Commonwealthʹs motion for summary
judgment, and denied Wingatesʹ motion to reopen discovery and permit additional
expert discovery. This matter arises from an insurance coverage dispute following a
fire that damaged buildings owned by Wingates and insured by Commonwealth. We
assume the partiesʹ familiarity with the facts, procedural history, and issues for review,
which we briefly summarize before assessing the merits.
Commonwealth issued an insurance policy (the ʺPolicyʺ) to Wingates, the
owner of an apartment complex in Columbus, Ohio. The Policy insured against various
losses at the complex, including those caused by fire. It provided that the insured must
submit to ʺexaminations under oathʺ (ʺEUOʺ) and provide documentation related to the
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insured property as ʺoften as may be reasonably required.ʺ J. App. at 178. The Policy
also contained a misrepresentation and fraud provision, voiding the policy in the event
of concealed or misrepresented material circumstances concerning the coverage.
Following a fire that destroyed one insured building and damaged another, Wingates
filed an insurance claim and sworn statements attesting to the value of its loss.
Commonwealth began investigating the claim, and requested various items from
Wingates, including documentation and photographs relating to the buildingsʹ pre‐fire
condition, and information regarding the apparent vacancy and value of the buildings.
Commonwealth also invoked the EUO requirement and asked to examine Wingates
employees about the claimed loss. Wingates received these requests and chose not to
submit to the examinations. Wingates did so against the advice of their adjuster and in
light of the adjusterʹs warning that failure to submit to an EUO would violate the Policy.
Shortly thereafter, and prior to the completion of Commonwealthʹs
investigation, Wingates filed this action in New York Suffolk County Supreme Court.
The case was subsequently removed to the district court below. During the course of
litigation, Commonwealth deposed several Wingates employees and conducted
extensive discovery concerning the vacancy and value of the destroyed buildings.
Wingates, on the other hand, conducted no discovery, took no depositions, made no
document requests, and disclosed no expert testimony. Nearly eight months after the
close of discovery, and four months after Commonwealth had moved for summary
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judgment, Wingates requested that the magistrate judge reopen discovery so that it
could provide expert disclosures.
By its decision filed May 19, 2014, the district court granted
Commonwealthʹs motion for summary judgment and denied Wingatesʹ motion to
reopen discovery. We affirm for substantially the reasons set forth by the district court.
A. Summary Judgment
We review de novo the district courtʹs grant of summary judgment, with
the view that ʺ[s]ummary judgment is appropriate only if the moving party shows that
there are no genuine issues of material fact and that the moving party is entitled to
judgment as a matter of law.ʺ Miller v. Wolpoff & Abramson, L.L.P., 321 F.3d 292, 300 (2d
Cir. 2003). On summary judgment, the court must consider ʺnot whether . . . the
evidence unmistakably favors one side or the other but whether a fair‐minded jury
could return a verdict for the plaintiff on the evidence presented.ʺ Anderson v. Liberty
Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 252 (1986).
The district court correctly concluded that, as a matter of law, Wingates
materially breached the Policyʹs cooperation provision by failing to comply with the
EUO requirement. It is undisputed that the Policy contained an EUO provision and
that Wingates failed to comply when requested. Under New York law, an insuredʹs
ʺwillful failure to appear at an EUO constitutes ʹa material breach of the cooperation
clause and a defense to an action on the policy.ʹʺ Rosenthal v. Prudential Prop. & Cas. Co.,
928 F.2d 493, 494 (2d Cir. 1991) (quoting Ausch v. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co., 511
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N.Y.S.2d 919, 925 (2d Depʹt 1987)); Abudayeh v. Fair Plan Ins. Co., 481 N.Y.S.2d 711, 713
(2d Depʹt 1984) (ʺIt is well established that the failure of an insured to submit to an
examination under oath is an absolute defense to a claim under the insurance
policy . . . .ʺ).
On appeal, Wingates claims that its failure to submit to an EUO was not
ʺwillfulʺ in light of its partial cooperation in the insurerʹs investigation. Although
Wingates did provide some documentation and acquiesced to Commonwealthʹs site
visits, these facts do not create a genuine issue as to the willfulness of their failure to
submit to an EUO. As the district court pointed out, Wingatesʹ repeated failure to
respond to the insurerʹs requests for EUOs ‐‐ against the advice of their adjuster and
with the knowledge of later repercussions for its failure to do so ‐‐ demonstrate as a
matter of law that the breach was entirely willful. Moreover, even assuming Wingates
provided substantial information, including via sworn proofs of loss, Commonwealth
was entitled to seek EUOs and further information.
Wingates also argues on appeal that a question of fact remains as to
whether Commonwealth had repudiated its obligations under the policy prior to
Wingatesʹ breach. Although repudiation would excuse a failure to submit to an EUO,
see Igbara Realty Corp. v. N.Y. Prop. Ins. Underwriting Assʹn, 63 N.Y.2d 201, 217‐18 (1984),
repudiation by an insurer must be a ʺdistinct[], unequivocal[], and absolute[] refus[al] to
perform its obligations under the policy,ʺ Varda, Inc. v. Ins. Co. of N. Am., 45 F.3d 634,
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638 (2d Cir. 1995). On the record presented to the district court here, no reasonable trier
of fact could find repudiation.
We have considered Wingatesʹ other arguments as to why they were not
in breach of the contract and find them without merit.
B. Denial of Leave to Reopen Discovery
Wingates argues that the district court abused its discretion in refusing to
allow them to reopen discovery for the purposes of disclosing an expert witness
pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(a)(2). Denial of leave to amend a set
scheduling order is reviewed for abuse of discretion. Grochowski v. Phoenix Const., 318
F.3d 80, 86 (2d Cir. 2003). We have reviewed Wingatesʹ arguments on appeal and the
proceedings below, and we find no abuse of discretion in the district courtʹs denial of
this motion.
We have considered all of Wingatesʹ remaining arguments and find them
to be without merit. Accordingly, we AFFIRM the judgment of the district court.
FOR THE COURT:
Catherine OʹHagan Wolfe, Clerk
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