Filed: Mar. 23, 2016
Latest Update: Mar. 02, 2020
Summary: 14-1205-cv (L) Marini v. Adamo UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007 IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT'S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION "SUMMARY ORDER")
Summary: 14-1205-cv (L) Marini v. Adamo UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007 IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT'S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION "SUMMARY ORDER")...
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14‐1205‐cv (L)
Marini v. Adamo
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A
SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007 IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY
FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURTʹS LOCAL RULE 32.1.1.
WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST
CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION
ʺSUMMARY ORDERʺ). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON
ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second
Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in
the City of New York, on the 23rd day of March, two thousand sixteen.
PRESENT: RALPH K. WINTER,
DENNY CHIN,
SUSAN L. CARNEY,
Circuit Judges.
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ROCCO MARINI, TRKNITTING MILL, INC., JOSEPHINE
MARINI,
Plaintiffs‐Appellees‐Cross‐Appellants,
v. 14‐1205‐cv, 14‐1706‐cv
HARRY ADAMO, JR., THE BOLTON GROUP, INC., H.
EDWARD RARE COINS & COLLECTIBLES, INC.,
Defendants‐Appellants‐Cross‐Appellees,
LISA ADAMO,
Defendant‐Cross‐Appellee.
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FOR PLAINTIFFS‐APPELLEES‐ SCOTT A. MOSS, Moss Law Practice,
CROSS‐APPELLANTS: Denver, Colorado.
FOR DEFENDANTS‐APPELLANTS‐ TOM M. FINI, Jacques Catafago, Catafago
CROSS‐APPELLEES and Fini LLP, New York, New York.
DEFENDANT‐CROSS‐APPELLEE:
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of
New York (Bianco, J.).
UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED,
ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.
Defendants‐appellants‐cross‐appellees Harry Adamo, Jr. (ʺAdamoʺ) and
The Bolton Group, Inc., and H. Edward Rare Coins & Collectibles, Inc. (together, the
ʺcoin companiesʺ) and plaintiffs‐appellees‐cross‐appellants Rocco Marini (ʺMariniʺ),
TRKnitting Mill, Inc., and Josephine Marini appeal from the April 16, 2014 judgment of
the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York. Following a bench
trial, in a memorandum and order dated February 6, 2014, the district court found
Adamo and the coin companies liable under Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, 15 U.S.C. § 78j(b) (the ʺExchange Actʺ), and under New York common law
for fraud, breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, and money had and received. In
a subsequent memorandum and order dated April 15, 2014, the district court concluded
that defendant‐cross‐appellee Lisa Adamo was not liable on plaintiffsʹ claims for unjust
enrichment and money had and received. We assume the partiesʹ familiarity with the
underlying facts, procedural history of the case, and issues on appeal.
Plaintiffsʹ claims arise from a series of rare coin transactions between
Marini and Adamo, a rare coin dealer. The district court found that Adamo defrauded
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Marini, his close friend, over a period of several years by making false and material
misrepresentations to induce Marini to buy 86 rare coins for investment purposes at
grossly inflated values. The district court reached that conclusion after a twelve‐day
bench trial, and it explained its reasoning and credibility determinations in a fifty‐page
memorandum and order setting forth findings of fact and conclusions of law. Then,
after supplemental briefing, the district court issued its second decision with respect to
the claims against Lisa Adamo. Upon review, we affirm for substantially the reasons set
forth by the district court with respect to the common law fraud and breach of fiduciary
duty claims. We add the following.
Defendants contend that the district court lacked subject matter
jurisdiction because the coin transactions did not constitute ʺsecurities transactionsʺ for
purposes of the federal securities law claim. We conclude that the district court had
subject matter jurisdiction in this case. The original complaint filed in 2008 asserted
federal RICO and securities claims, and those claims remained in the case even after the
filing of summary judgment motions and the denial thereof, in which the district court
gave studied consideration to defendantsʹ arguments about the nature of the
transactions at issue. See Marini v. Adamo, 812 F. Supp. 2d 243, 255‐71 (E.D.N.Y. 2011).
Plaintiffs agreed to dismiss the RICO claim solely in exchange for defendantsʹ
stipulation that the coin transactions constituted ʺsecurities transactions.ʺ By the time of
trial, following the close of discovery approximately three years after the original
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complaint was filed, and even assuming the securities claims lacked merit, the district
court did not abuse its discretion in exercising supplemental jurisdiction over the
related common law claims. See, e.g., Kroshnyi v. U.S. Pack Courier Servs., Inc., 771 F.3d
93, 102 (2d Cir. 2014) (ʺ[T]he advanced stage of the litigation and the Courtʹs long
familiarity with the issues in the case, combined with the likely hardship to both parties
should plaintiff be forced to re‐file in state court weighed in favor of exercising
supplemental jurisdiction.ʺ (internal quotation marks omitted)); see also 28 U.S.C. §
1367(c) (providing that the court ʺmay decline to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over
a claimʺ if, among other factors, ʺthe district court has dismissed all claims over which it
has original jurisdictionʺ). We need not decide whether the district court correctly held
that the coin transactions were ʺsecurities transactions,ʺ for even assuming they were
not, the amount of damages awarded by the district court on the common law claims
would not be affected. For the reasons stated by the district court, there was ample
evidence to support its findings of fraud on plaintiffsʹ state law fraud and breach of
fiduciary duty claims.
Defendants also argue that a brokerʹs management of non‐discretionary
accounts on behalf of a client generally does not give rise to a fiduciary relationship. See
Indep. Order of Foresters v. Donald, Lufkin & Jenrette, Inc., 157 F.3d 933, 940 (2d Cir. 1998)
(ʺUnder New York law, as generally, there is no general fiduciary duty inherent in an
ordinary broker/customer relationship.ʺ). Marini and Adamoʹs close relationship,
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however, far exceeded that of an arms‐length commercial relationship between a
securities broker and his client. As the district court found, Mariniʹs ʺcomplete
ʹconfidence and relianceʹ in Adamo allowed Adamo to ʹexercise[] control and
dominance over [Marini].ʹʺ Marini v. Adamo, 995 F. Supp. 2d 155, 202 (E.D.N.Y. 2014)
(quoting People ex rel. Cuomo v. Coventry First LLC, 13 N.Y.3d 108, 115 (2009) (providing
that fiduciary relationship ʺexists only when a person reposes a high level of confidence
and reliance in another, who thereby exercises control and dominance over himʺ)). We
agree with the district court that this was sufficient to create a fiduciary relationship.
Finally, we note that the district court erred in ruling against defendants
on plaintiffsʹ common law claims of unjust enrichment and money had and received, for
those claims were duplicative of the common law fraud and fiduciary duty claims. See
Corsello v. Verizon N.Y., Inc., 18 N.Y.3d 777, 790 (2012) (providing that an unjust
enrichment claim that merely ʺduplicates, or replaces, a conventional contract or tort
claimʺ may not proceed). We need not alter the judgment, however, as our conclusion
does not affect the amount of damages awarded by the district court.
We have reviewed the partiesʹ remaining arguments on appeal, including
the arguments in support of the cross‐appeal, and conclude they are without merit.
Accordingly, we AFFIRM the judgment of the district court.
FOR THE COURT:
Catherine OʹHagan Wolfe, Clerk
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