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Johnson v. Jondreau, 2:13-cv-260. (2014)

Court: District Court, W.D. Michigan Number: infdco20140821a95 Visitors: 8
Filed: Jul. 22, 2014
Latest Update: Jul. 22, 2014
Summary: REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION TIMOTHY P. GREELEY, Magistrate Judge. This is a civil rights action brought by a state prisoner pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 1983. The MDOC Defendants, Defendants Jondreau, Niemi, Healey, Mitchell, McPherson, Nagele and Gill move for summary judgment, arguing that Plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative remedies against them. Plaintiff asserts that he has responded and further argues that Defendants refused to respond to his discovery requests which concerned only
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REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION

TIMOTHY P. GREELEY, Magistrate Judge.

This is a civil rights action brought by a state prisoner pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. The MDOC Defendants, Defendants Jondreau, Niemi, Healey, Mitchell, McPherson, Nagele and Gill move for summary judgment, arguing that Plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative remedies against them. Plaintiff asserts that he has responded and further argues that Defendants refused to respond to his discovery requests which concerned only issues of exhaustion raised in Defendants' motion for summary judgment. Defendants assert that they did not respond because Plaintiff had submitted a total of 32 interrogatories instead of the allotted number of ten to each Defendant. Plaintiff moves to compel a response.

Summary judgment is appropriate when the record reveals that there are no genuine issues as to any material fact in dispute and the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. FED. R. CIV. P. 56(c); Kocak v. Comty. Health Partners of Ohio, Inc., 400 F.3d 466, 468 (6th Cir. 2005); Thomas v. City of Chattanooga, 398 F.3d 426, 429 (6th Cir. 2005). The standard for determining whether summary judgment is appropriate is "whether the evidence presents a sufficient disagreement to require submission to a jury or whether it is so one-sided that one party must prevail as a matter of law." State Farm Fire & Cas. Co. v. McGowan, 421 F.3d 433, 436 (6th Cir. 2005) (quoting Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 251-52 (1986)); see also Tucker v. Union of Needletrades Indus. & Textile Employees, 407 F.3d 784, 787 (6th Cir. 2005). The court must consider all pleadings, depositions, affidavits, and admissions on file, and draw all justifiable inferences in favor of the party opposing the motion. See Matsushita Elec. Indus. Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574, 587 (1986); Twin City Fire Ins. Co. v. Adkins, 400 F.3d 293, 296 (6th Cir. 2005).

A prisoner's failure to exhaust his administrative remedies is an affirmative defense, which Defendants have the burden to plead and prove. Jones v. Bock, 127 S.Ct. 910, 919-21 (2007). A moving party without the burden of proof need show only that the opponent cannot sustain his burden at trial. See Morris v. Oldham County Fiscal Court, 201 F.3d 784, 787 (6th Cir. 2000); see also Minadeo v. ICI Paints, 398 F.3d 751, 761 (6th Cir. 2005). A moving party with the burden of proof faces a "substantially higher hurdle." Arnett v. Myers, 281 F.3d 552, 561 (6th Cir. 2002); Cockrel v. Shelby County Sch. Dist., 270 F.3d 1036, 1056 (6th Cir. 2001). "Where the moving party has the burden — the plaintiff on a claim for relief or the defendant on an affirmative defense — his showing must be sufficient for the court to hold that no reasonable trier of fact could find other than for the moving party." Calderone v. United States, 799 F.2d 254, 259 (6th Cir. 1986) (quoting W. SCHWARZER, Summary Judgment Under the Federal Rules: Defining Genuine Issues of Material Fact, 99 F.R.D. 465, 487-88 (1984)). The United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit repeatedly has emphasized that the party with the burden of proof "must show the record contains evidence satisfying the burden of persuasion and that the evidence is so powerful that no reasonable jury would be free to disbelieve it." Arnett, 281 F.3d at 561 (quoting 11 JAMES WILLIAM MOORE, ET AL., MOORE'S FEDERAL PRACTICE § 56.13[1], at 56-138 (3d ed. 2000); Cockrel, 270 F.2d at 1056 (same). Accordingly, summary judgment in favor of the party with the burden of persuasion "is inappropriate when the evidence is susceptible of different interpretations or inferences by the trier of fact." Hunt v. Cromartie, 526 U.S. 541, 553 (1999).

Pursuant to the applicable portion of the Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA), 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a), a prisoner bringing an action with respect to prison conditions under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 must exhaust his available administrative remedies. See Porter v. Nussle, 534 U.S. 516, 532 (2002); Booth v. Churner, 532 U.S. 731, 733 (2001). A prisoner must first exhaust available administrative remedies, even if the prisoner may not be able to obtain the specific type of relief he seeks in the state administrative process. See Porter, 534 U.S. at 520; Booth, 532 U.S. at 741; Knuckles El v. Toombs, 215 F.3d 640, 642 (6th Cir. 2000); Freeman v. Francis, 196 F.3d 641, 643 (6th Cir. 1999). In order to properly exhaust administrative remedies, prisoners must complete the administrative review process in accordance with the deadlines and other applicable procedural rules. Jones v. Bock, 127 S.Ct. 910, 922-23 (2007); Woodford v. Ngo, 126 S.Ct. 2378, 2386 (2006). "Compliance with prison grievance procedures, therefore, is all that is required by the PLRA to `properly exhaust.'" Jones, 127 S. Ct. at 922-23.

MDOC Policy Directive 03.02.130 (effective July 9, 2007), sets forth the applicable grievance procedures for prisoners in MDOC custody at the time relevant to this complaint. Inmates must first attempt to resolve a problem orally within two business days of becoming aware of the grievable issue, unless prevented by circumstances beyond his or her control Id. at ¶ P. If oral resolution is unsuccessful, the inmate may proceed to Step I of the grievance process and submit a completed grievance form within five business days of the attempted oral resolution. Id. at ¶ P. The Policy Directive also provides the following directions for completing grievance forms: "The issues shall be stated briefly. Information provided shall be limited to the facts involving the issue being grieved (i.e., who, what, when, where, why, how). Dates, times, places and names of all those involved in the issue being grieved are to be included." Id. at ¶ R (emphasis in original). The inmate submits the grievance to a designated grievance coordinator, who assigns it to a respondent. Id. at ¶ X.

If the inmate is dissatisfied with the Step I response, or does not receive a timely response, he may appeal to Step II by obtaining an appeal form within ten business days of the response, or if no response was received, within ten days after the response was due. Id. at ¶¶ T, DD. The respondent at Step II is designated by the policy, e.g., the regional health administrator for a medical care grievances. Id. at ¶ GG. If the inmate is still dissatisfied with the Step II response, or does not receive a timely Step II response, he may appeal to Step III. Id. at ¶ FF. The Step III form shall be sent within ten business days after receiving the Step II response, or if no Step II response was received, within ten business days after the date the Step II response was due. Id. at ¶ FF. The Grievance and Appeals Section is the respondent for Step III grievances on behalf of the MDOC director. Id. at ¶ GG. Time limitations shall be adhered to by the inmate and staff at all steps of the grievance process. Id. at ¶ X. "The total grievance process from the point of filing a Step I grievance to providing a Step III response shall be completed within 90 calendar days unless an extension has been approved. . . ." Id. at ¶ HH.

Defendants argue that Plaintiff failed to properly exhaust his grievances by submitting a grievance against each Defendant on the issues in the compliant to each Step of the grievance process prior to filing this action. As support for this assertion Defendants have attached to their motion an MDOC Prisoner Step III Grievance Report. Plaintiff asserts that the report has been falsified or at least is inaccurate. Plaintiff has asserted that AMF 1302-520-17c, AMF 1302-41-03f and AMF 1303-486-17a exhausted his claims, but Defendants have refused to produce those grievances or evidence that they exist. Defendants have not further supported their motion and have not responded to Plaintiff's claims despite having the opportunity to respond to Plaintiff's argument and produce a properly supported motion for summary judgment. It is Defendants' burden to properly support their motion. It is not the Plaintiff's responsibility to provide evidence of exhaustion nor is it this Court's responsibility to conduct an evidentiary hearing on a motion that fails to provide sufficient evidentiary support, especially in a case such as this, where Defendants have failed to respond to Plaintiff's arguments. In the opinion of the undersigned, Defendants have failed in their burden of showing that Plaintiff has not exhausted his claims against them.

For the foregoing reasons, I recommend that Defendants' motion for summary judgment (docket #16) be denied. It is further recommended that Plaintiff's motion for discovery (docket #24) be denied as moot.

Source:  Leagle

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