ORDER

KENT J. DAWSON, District Judge.

Presently before the Court is Defendant's Objections (#81) to the Magistrate Judge's Order to Shackle Defendant. Though the time for doing so has passed, the Government has not filed a response.

I. Background

On December 12, 2017, Defendant appeared before Magistrate Judge Ferenbach in leg restraints. Prior to this hearing or initial appearance following Defendant's arrest based on alleged violations of his term of supervised release, the U.S. Marshals Office ("Marshals") gave both counsel and the Magistrate Judge a prisoner restraint form which detailed why the Marshals felt leg restraints were appropriate for this particular Defendant. In this form, the Marshals recommended leg shackling based on Defendant's prior arrests for armed robbery, resisting an officer, and obstruction of a police officer amongst others. Based on this information the Magistrate Judge had Defendant brought into the courtroom in leg restraints. Prior to beginning Defendant's initial appearance, the Magistrate Judge held a hearing pursuant to U.S. v. Sanchez-Gomez, 850 F.3d 649 (9th Cir. 2017), to allow argument as to whether Defendant should remain in leg restraints for the remainder of the appearance.

During this hearing, the Government stated that in addition to the Marshals' request, it too was requesting Defendant be placed, at a minimum, in leg restraints. Defendant argued that Bradley's conduct was based on past behavior, not his supervised release violations. Further, Defendant argued that the prior incidents were 10-15 years old. Ultimately, the Magistrate Judge highlighted his responsibility to look at all factors, finding ". . . compelling reasons for the safety of others and to prevent escape that Defendant Emmanuel Bradley must remain in leg restraints during his initial appearance." The magistrate focused on the nature of Defendant's supervised release violations, providing a false name and unauthorized travel. As such, Defendant remained in leg restraints during the hearing.

On December 26, 2017, Defendant filed the present objections to the Magistrate Judge's ruling.

II. Legal Standard

"A non-dispositive order entered by a magistrate must be deferred to unless it is `clearly erroneous or contrary to law.'" Grimes v. County of San Francisco, 951 F.2d 236, 241 (9th Cir. 1991); 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(A). The clearly erroneous standard applies to factual findings, and the contrary to law standard applies to legal determinations. Grimes, 951 F.2d at 240. A magistrate judge's order is "contrary to law when it fails to apply or misapplies relevant statutes, case law, or rules of procedure." U.S. v. Desage, 2017 WL 77415, at *3 (D. Nev. Jan. 9, 2017).

Section 636(b)(1)(A) states a judge may reconsider any pretrial matter upon a showing that the magistrate judge's order is clearly erroneous or contrary to law. Magistrate judges are given broad discretion and should not be overruled absent a showing of clear abuse of discretion. Anderson v. Equifax Info. Services, LLC, 2007 WL 2412249, at *1 (D. Or. 2007). As such, "[t]he reviewing court may not simply substitute its judgment for that of the deciding court." Grimes, 951 F.2d at 241 (citing U.S. v. BNS, Inc., 858 F.2d 456, 464 (9th Cir. 1988)); see also Merritt v. International Broth. of Boilermakers, 649 F.2d 1013, 1016-17 (5th Cir. 1981) ("Pre-trial orders of a magistrate under 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(A) . . . are not subject to a de novo determination as are a magistrate's proposed findings and recommendations under § 636(b)(1)(B).").

III. Analysis

Defendant argues the Magistrate Judge's decision to place him in leg restraints was inconsistent with Ninth Circuit precedent U.S. v. Sanchez-Gomez. Defendant heavily relies on the following language in Sanchez-Gomez: "`In all [ ] cases in which shackling has been approved,' we have noted, there has been `evidence of disruptive courtroom behavior, attempts to escape from custody, assaults or attempted assaults while in custody, or a pattern of defiant behavior toward corrections officials and judicial authorities.'" Sanchez-Gomez, 859 F.3d at 660 (quoting Gonzalez v. Pliler, 341 F.3d 897, 900 (9th Cir. 2003) (alteration in original)1). Defendant argues "[t]hese are the circumstances the Court must find exist before shackling a defendant," and that "[i]ndividual facts that do not involve the type of disruptive behavior identified in Sanchez-Gomez do not justify the use of shackles." (#18, at 6). However, Defendant's tunnel vision on these examples mischaracterizes what Sanchez-Gomez requires.2 The Ninth Circuit states it plainly:

Id. at 666.

The Magistrate Judge's finding possesses basis in law, and "the decision whether to shackle is entrusted to the court's discretion." Sanchez-Gomez, 859 F.3d at 660. He made the specific determination that Defendant shall remain in leg restraints; this decision took into account argument from both Defendant and the Government, the recommendation of the Marshals, and the Magistrate Judge's own experience and discretion. Defendant has received that which Sanchez-Gomez requires: "an individualized decision that a compelling government purpose would be served and that shackles are the least restrictive means for maintaining security and order in the courtroom." Id. at 661. Thus, Defendant's Objections to Magistrate Judge's Order to Shackle Defendant are denied.

IV. Conclusion

Accordingly, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that Defendant's Objections to Magistrate Judge's Order to Shackle Defendant (#81) are DENIED.