NOEL L. HILLMAN, District Judge.
Before the Court is defendant's motion to dismiss. For reasons explained below, defendant's motion to dismiss shall be granted in part and denied in part without prejudice. Plaintiff's request to amend her complaint, as to any non-dismissed claims, will be granted.
Plaintiff Kathleen Faust filed a complaint alleging that defendant Northfield Board of Education violated the New Jersey Law Against Discrimination ("NJLAD"), the New Jersey Conscientious Employee Protection Act ("CEPA"), plaintiff's procedural due process rights pursuant to
Shortly after removing this case to federal court, defendant filed a motion to dismiss. Plaintiff's response was due on February 21, 2012. On February 23, 2012, plaintiff filed a letter requesting a two week extension of time to respond to defendant's motion. On March 20, 2012, more than three and half weeks later, plaintiff filed a response to the motion to dismiss attaching a proposed amended complaint.
Plaintiff has alleged that defendant retaliated against her for exercising her rights under the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, and therefore, this Court exercises subject matter jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1331 (federal question jurisdiction). The Court exercises supplemental jurisdiction over plaintiff's related state law claims pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1367.
When considering a motion to dismiss a complaint for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6), a court must accept all well-pleaded allegations in the complaint as true and view them in the light most favorable to the plaintiff.
A district court, in weighing a motion to dismiss, asks "`not whether a plaintiff will ultimately prevail but whether the claimant is entitled to offer evidence to support the claim.'"
Following the
A court need not credit either "bald assertions" or "legal conclusions" in a complaint when deciding a motion to dismiss.
Finally, a court in reviewing a Rule 12(b)(6) motion must only consider the facts alleged in the pleadings, the documents attached thereto as exhibits, and matters of judicial notice.
Pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 15(a)(1), plaintiff was permitted to file an amended complaint once as a matter of course 21 days after defendant filed its motion to dismiss. Plaintiff filed her response attaching a proposed amended complaint 42 days after defendant filed its motion to dismiss and, therefore, cannot proceed pursuant to Rule 15(a)(1).
Rather, plaintiff appears to be proceeding pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 15(a)(2), which requires the opposing party's written consent, or leave of court. Rule 15(a)(2) states that the Court "should freely give leave when justice so requires."
Defendant filed a motion to dismiss plaintiff's original complaint. In her response, plaintiff agreed to dismiss her NJLAD, CEPA and
Defendant argues in its motion to dismiss that plaintiff's First Amendment claim must be dismissed because plaintiff did not bring her claim pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, and because plaintiff has not demonstrated retaliatory harassment actionable under the First Amendment. Plaintiff states that she has corrected the deficiency by bringing her First Amendment claim in her amended complaint pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Plaintiff also states that she has alleged that she has spoken out against defendant on matters of public concern including "rallying parents and teachers to attend a school board meeting in support" of a coworker, "speaking publicly in objection to [the superintendent's] actions at school board meetings," "letters to the Board of Education complaining of the harassment" and other actions. Plaintiff alleges that she was retaliated against by defendant through "multiple classroom observations" not experienced by other teachers, including use of a surveillance camera, false accusations of sexual abuse, and false allegations to the Atlantic City prosecutor's office.
As stated above, defendant has not shown that plaintiff should be barred from filing an amended First Amendment claim on grounds of undue delay, bad faith, dilatory motive, unfair prejudice, or futility of amendment. Therefore, plaintiff will be permitted to file an amended complaint asserting a First Amendment claim.
Defendant also argues that plaintiff has neither met the procedural requirements nor plead adequate facts in support of her defamation claim. Defendant argues that plaintiff's claims are barred by the notice provisions of the New Jersey Tort Claims Act ("TCA"). Plaintiff admits that her tort claims notice was not filed within the required 90 days, but argues that this Court has discretion pursuant to N.J.S.A. 59:8-9
Plaintiff argues that on February 23, 2011, defendant brought false charges against her to the Atlantic City Prosecutor's Office and, on that same day, an individual named Antoinette Hedrich,
Pursuant to N.J.S.A. 59:8-9, plaintiff had up to one year after accrual of her claim, or until February 23, 2012, to file a motion with the trial court asking for leave to file a late notice. This matter was removed to this Court on January 17, 2012, and defendant filed its motion to dismiss on February 7, 2012. Plaintiff did not apply to this Court, or state court prior to removal, for leave to file a late tort claims notice. It was not until March 20, 2012, almost a month beyond the one year deadline, that plaintiff raised the issue. Even so, plaintiff did not file a motion for leave to file late notice of claim, did not submit an affidavit based upon personal knowledge showing sufficient reasons constituting extraordinary circumstances for her failure to timely file notice of claim, and did not demonstrate that the defendant would not be substantially prejudiced by the delay.
Accordingly, plaintiff's defamation claims based on events occurring in February 2011 are time barred.
With regard to plaintiff's claim regarding false statements made by Dee Capizzo in October 2011, that claim accrued within the 90 day deadline of plaintiff's tort claim notice filed on December 23, 2011, and therefore, is not time barred. Even though the claim is not barred, defendant argues that plaintiff has failed to identify the alleged false statements with enough specificity. Defendant has not, however, shown why plaintiff should not be permitted to amend her claim regarding the October 2011 events on grounds of undue delay, bad faith, dilatory motive, unfair prejudice, or futility of amendment. Therefore, plaintiff will be permitted to file an amended complaint asserting any defamation claim that accrued within 90 days of filing her notice of claim on December 23, 2011.
For the foregoing reasons, plaintiff's NJLAD, CEPA, and
An order will be entered consistent with this Opinion.
Fourth, even if the request for an extension to file a response to the motion to dismiss was approved, plaintiff did not request an extension of the Rule 15(a)(1)(B) deadline to file an amended complaint as a matter of course.
Thus, the amended complaint was due on February 28, 2012, and even if plaintiff mistakenly assumed that she was granted a two week extension to file the amended complaint, the deadline would have been March 13, 2012. Therefore, plaintiff's response and attached amended complaint filed on March 20, 2012 is untimely and procedurally defective under any scenario.