NICHOLAS G. GARAUFIS, District Judge.
Petitioner Damion Cox brings this petition (the "Petition") for a writ of habeas corpus pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255. (Pet. (Dkt. 1)
On August 19, 2015, Petitioner entered a guilty plea before this court to a single-count information, which charged him with use of a passport procured by false statements in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1542. (
On March 24, 2017, Petitioner filed a petition to vacate, set aside, or correct his sentence pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255. (Pet.) Petitioner alleges that his trial counsel was constitutionally deficient because counsel informed him that "there would be no negative immigration consequences" if Petitioner entered a guilty plea. (
The Government responds that Petitioner's § 2255 petition should be denied because (1)the Petition is time barred; (2) Petitioner waived his right to appeal; and (3) Petitioner's claims fail on the merits because trial counsel "advised [Petitioner] of the immigration consequences of a plea, as did th[e] Court." (Gov't Opp'n to Pet. ("Gov't Opp'n")(Dkt. 3) at 3-4.)
The threshold question for this court is whether the Petition is timely. Pursuant to the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, § 2255 petitions are subject to a one-year statute of limitations. 28 U.S.C. § 2255(f). The one-year limitations period runs from the latest of:
As Petitioner's judgment of conviction was entered on January 6, 2016 (J.), his conviction became final for purposes of § 2255 on January 20, 2016. Fed. R. App. P. 4(b)(1)(A)(providing that a criminal defendant's notice of appeal must be filed in the district court within 14 days after the entry ofjudgment);
Petitioner avers that his Petition is timely under § 2225(f)(4), as he did not discover counsel's "erroneous advice" until he was placed in ICE custody and his immigration attorney explained to him that trial counsel's advice "was not correct."
Petitioner's claim of ignorance is belied by the record. Petitioner should have known, for purposes of § 2255, that he likely faced deportation as a result of his conviction well before that conviction was final.
First, Petitioner's trial counsel maintains that after consulting with an immigration attorney, he advised Petitioner that Petitioner would be likely to be deported if he entered a guilty plea.
Second, the court advised Petitioner of the immigration consequences of his conviction before Petitioner entered his guilty plea. On August 19, 2015, Petitioner waived his right to indictment by grand jury and entered a guilty plea to a single-count information. (Guilty Plea Hr'g Tr,("Plea Tr.")(Dkt. 3-2)7:20-8:25, 17:4-24:16.) Prior to entering his guilty plea, the court advised Petitioner that he would be subject to certain penalties associated with pleading guilty to the charge of passport fraud. (Plea Tr. 18:15-19:18.) The court specifically advised Petitioner that he would be "subject to removal or deportation of the United States in a separate proceeding brought by the Department ofHomeland Security at the end of [his] prison sentence." (
Third, Petitioner's own sentencing submission demonstrates that prior to his sentencing. Petitioner was aware of the immigration consequences of entering a guilty plea to the information. On December 30, 2015, Petitioner submitted a sentencing memorandum, seeking a non-custodial sentence. (Pet'r Sentencing Mem. (Crim. Dkt. 17).) On three separate occasions in the memorandum, Petitioner acknowledges that an incarceratory sentence will likely result in his removal from the United States. He states that(1)a prison sentence "likely also would result in his deportation from the United States;"(2)he is "acutely aware of the impact it may have on his family and loved ones if this Court imposes a term of imprisonment(and/or if he is deported)"; and(3)"potential deportation" would impact his children and their mothers. (Pet'r Sentencing Mem. at 5, 6, 15.)
Finally, during Petitioner's sentencing hearing on January 6, 2016, Petitioner, Petitioner's counsel, and the court all made explicit mentions of the high probability of deportation following the entering of a guilty plea. (Sentencing Hr'g (Dkt. Num. Pend.) at 20, 21, 27, 29, 30.) Specifically, Petitioner's counsel stated that "if he is in prison, it is almost certain that he will be deported at the time that his terms of imprisonment ends." (
Under these circumstances, a duly diligent person in Petitioner's position would have discovered that he was subject to deportation well before sentencing, and certainly by the time his conviction became final in 2016. Therefore, the Petition is untimely, and it is denied on this basis.
For the aforementioned reasons, the Petition (Dkt. 1) is DENIED.
SO ORDERED.