JOI ELIZABETH PEAKE, Magistrate Judge.
This is a pro se civil rights action filed by Plaintiff Arkeem H. Nellon, an inmate in the North Carolina Department of Correction. He alleges that Defendant Lt. Regina Hampton, a correctional officer, violated his Eighth and Fourteenth Amendment rights while he was an inmate at Scotland Correctional Institution by confiscating his knee brace and refusing to replace it. Plaintiff contends that he was prescribed the knee brace due to his torn anterior cruciate ligament ("A.C.L."). Defendant Hampton has filed a Motion to Dismiss and for Judgment on the Pleadings [Doc. #31] ("Motion to Dismiss") pursuant to Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) and 12(c), and 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a) for failure to exhaust administrative remedies. Plaintiff Nellon has filed a Response [Doc. #36] to the Motion to Dismiss. The Court granted Defendant's Motion to Stay Discovery until after the Motion to Dismiss is ruled upon. For the reasons set out below, the Court recommends that Defendant's Motion to Dismiss be denied, and will order that the stay of discovery be lifted. The Court will also address two submissions that Plaintiff labeled as Motions [Doc. #50, #51].
Plaintiff's Complaint
To establish exhaustion of his administrative remedies, Plaintiff attached a copy of administrative grievance number 4860-15-0664 ("0664 grievance"), related to the events forming the basis for his claims, as well as a copy of the step two response to grievance 4860-15-0575 ("0575 grievance"), also involving the same facts as set out in Plaintiff's Complaint. The copy of the 0575 grievance shows that Plaintiff appealed the step one response to step two and that Plaintiff appealed this response to the Secretary of the Department of Public Safety.
Plaintiff filed the present action on July 8, 2015, in the Eastern District of North Carolina. The case was transferred to this Court, and after screening by this Court, Plaintiff was granted leave to proceed in forma pauperis. In a Supplement [Doc. #13] filed on August 10, 2015, Plaintiff adds that as a result of Defendant having deprived him of his knee brace, he twisted his knee on August 1, 2015, resulting in additional swelling. In a second Supplement filed on February 2, 2016, Plaintiff alleges that he has had an additional MRI showing further damage to his knee, now including a torn A.C.L. and a meniscus tear, which Plaintiff attributes to not having his knee brace. Plaintiff notes that he is now "on the list for surgery."
Defendant asserts various defenses in her Answer [Doc. #30], including failure to exhaust administrative remedies, failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, and qualified immunity. Defendant attached documents to her Answer, including copies of Plaintiff's grievances. Defendant also filed the present Motion to Dismiss, contending that the Complaint should be dismissed for failure to exhaust administrative remedies, failure to state a claim, and qualified immunity. Defendant also seeks dismissal of Plaintiff's claim for punitive damages.
The standard for granting judgment on the pleadings under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(c) is the same as for granting a motion to dismiss pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6).
Defendant Hampton first argues that Plaintiff failed to exhaust his administrative remedies because he did not appeal the 0664 grievance. Defendant contends that Plaintiff's claims should be dismissed on this basis. However, the records attached to Plaintiff's Complaint show that Plaintiff exhausted his 0575 grievance, which was based on the same facts. Defendant apparently contends that only the 0664 grievance should be considered because Plaintiff cited only the 0664 grievance when asked in his Complaint about the steps taken to present his complaints in the grievance procedure. (Compl. [Doc. #1] at 1.) However, in the same section of the Complaint, Plaintiff states, "I have exhausted my administrative remedies relating to this complaint and have attached copies of grievances demonstrating completions." (
Moreover, the grievances attached to Defendant's Answer indicate that Plaintiff submitted the 0575 grievance on March 27, 2015, it was marked as "received" over a month later on May 1, 2015, it was accepted for screening another week later on May 7, and it was denied at step one another twenty days later on May 27, 2015, reflecting a total of 60 days from submission to step one resolution. Plaintiff filed the step one appeal on May 27, 2015, which was denied June 12, 2015, and Plaintiff then appealed that step two determination, which was denied June 30, 2015. This case was filed shortly thereafter, on July 8, 2015. Thus, there does not appear to be any dispute that Plaintiff exhausted his administrative remedies as to the 0575 grievance. During the 60-day period while Plaintiff was waiting for the initial step one response to the 0575 grievance, Plaintiff filed a second grievance based on the same facts, and that second grievance was the 0664 grievance, which was marked as "received" on May 18, 2015 and "accepted" on May 20, 2015. However, the facility failed to take any action on that grievance until eight months later, on January 19, 2016, after the present suit was already filed. It is not clear why Plaintiff's second grievance was addressed eight months late, while this suit was pending. It appears that, at least until January 2016, the 0664 grievance had not been addressed separately at all, since both grievances were based on the same facts and the step one denial to the 0575 grievance was issued after both grievances had been accepted.
Defendant next argues that Plaintiff fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted. As set out above, Plaintiff has alleged that he has a torn A.C.L., and that Defendant Hampton took his knee brace which had been prescribed for him and which had been approved by the Department of Public Safety. Plaintiff alleges that he told Defendant Hampton that he had a torn A.C.L. and that the knee brace was prescribed by Pinehurst Orthopedic. Plaintiff alleges that Defendant refused to replace the knee brace and that as a result his right knee has had serious pain. At the time Plaintiff submitted his Complaint in July 2015 and Supplement in August 2015, he still did not have his knee brace.
To state a claim for deliberate indifference to his serious medical need in violation of the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments, Plaintiff must show that Defendant was "deliberately indifferent" to a "serious medical need."
The Court also finds that, at this stage of the proceedings, Plaintiff has alleged facts to support his claim that Defendant acted with deliberate indifference. A defendant is deliberately indifferent if she knows that an inmate faces an excessive risk to inmate health or safety and disregards that risk by failing to take reasonable steps to abate it.
Taking Plaintiff's allegations as true, Defendant confiscated Plaintiff's prescribed knee brace and kept it for at least several months, knowing that Plaintiff had a torn A.C.L. Plaintiff told the Defendant the brace had been prescribed by Pinehurst Surgical Clinic and issued by the prison medical services. The brace may have had a narrow, half-inch long cut in it, but all of the metal parts were attached and not easily removed. Finally, Defendant refused to replace the knee brace with another one, and did not provide any other alternative options or medical care after his knee brace was confiscated. This evidence tends to show that Defendant interfered with Plaintiff's prescribed medical treatment by taking Plaintiff's knee brace, knowing that it would cause him pain and a risk of further injury to his knee, and then refused to take reasonable steps to address the serious risk of pain or injury.
In arguing that Plaintiff has not stated an Eighth Amendment violation, Defendant fails to take into account all of Plaintiff's allegations. By way of example, Defendant argues that "[i]n the original Complaint, Plaintiff does not make any allegations that Defendant Hampton had knowledge of Plaintiff's medical condition as a correctional officer." (Mem. [Doc. #32] at 14.) However, Plaintiff alleges in his original Complaint that he told Defendant Hampton that the knee brace was prescribed by Pinehurst Orthopedic for his torn A.C.L. (Compl. at 3.) Defendant also chooses her version of events over Plaintiff's version at times. For instance, Defendant argues that she took the knee brace for security reasons, but Plaintiff contends that all of the metal parts were attached and could not be easily removed even though there was a very small cut to the fabric covering the brace. Thus, according to Plaintiff's version of the events, there was no basis for a security concern. Moreover, even if there were a security concern, Defendant does not address Plaintiff's allegation that she refused to provide any replacement knee brace and otherwise failed to provide other alternatives or medical care to the extent confiscation of the knee brace was necessary.
Therefore, Defendant's Motion to Dismiss on this basis should be denied.
Defendant argues that Plaintiff's request for punitive damages should be dismissed because he fails to sufficiently plead "evil intent" or "callous indifference." Punitive damages are available in § 1983 actions "for conduct that involves `reckless or callous indifference to the federally protected rights of others,' as well as for conduct motivated by evil intent."
Thus, Defendant's request to dismiss Plaintiff's claim for punitive damages should be denied at this stage of the proceedings.
Finally, Defendant argues that Plaintiff's claim for monetary damages should be dismissed based upon Defendant's qualified immunity. "[G]overnment officials performing discretionary functions generally are shielded from liability for civil damages insofar as their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which a reasonable person would have known."
Plaintiff submitted two documents which he labeled as "Motions" [Doc. #50, #51]. However, after reviewing those documents, the Court construes them as further argument in response to Defendant's Motion to Dismiss. The Court will therefore direct the Clerk to redesignate these documents as supplements to Plaintiff's Response to Defendant's Motion to Dismiss. In light of the determination set out above, the Court need not address them further.
In light of this Recommendation, the stay of discovery previously requested by Defendant will be lifted. Because the stay of discovery will be lifted, the Court will adopt a Scheduling Order in this case with a Standard discovery track, all discovery to be completed by February 28, 2017. No pretrial conference is needed.
IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED that the previous STAY of DISCOVERY entered in this action is LIFTED, and the Court adopts a Standard discovery track, with all discovery to be completed by February 28, 2017.
IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the Clerk is directed to redesignate Plaintiff's filings [Doc. #50, #51] as supplements to Plaintiff's Response [Doc. #36].
IT IS RECOMMENDED that Defendant's Motion to Dismiss and for Judgment on the Pleadings [Doc. #31] be denied, without prejudice to Defendant raising those contentions in a Motion for Summary Judgment after discovery.