FRANK H. McCARTHY, Magistrate Judge.
Four motions are before the court and are ripe for decision: Defendant's Motion to Strike Exhibit 1 to Doc. 40, [Dkt. 42]; Plaintiffs' Motion to Withdraw Document and to Substitute Replacement Exhibit, [Dkt. 46]; Defendant's Motion for Protective Order to Prohibit Deposition of Counsel, [Dkt. 51]; and Defendant's Motion to Quash Subpoena, [Dkt. 52].
The exhibit, [Dkt. 40-1], that is the subject of the motions to strike and withdraw consists of an email string between Defendant's management officials who were involved in the termination of Mrs. Mafille's employment with Defendant. Among those emails is one that refers to Defendant's attorney by name and recites counsel's recommendation that Mrs. Mafille's employment be terminated for reasons listed in that email. Based on the content of that email, Plaintiffs seek to depose Defendant's attorney, Erica Dorwart.
Defendant represents that, in compliance with Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(b)(5)(B) the so-called "claw back" provision, within three days of production of the subject email Defendant notified Plaintiffs that Defendant was claiming a privilege in the email. Under Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(b)(5)(B), the party being so notified must:
After Defendant advised Plaintiffs of the inadvertent disclosure, Plaintiffs appended the subject email and made reference to its contents in the reply brief in support of Plaintiffs' motion for sanctions.
Rule 26(b)(5)(B) could not be more clear. Once a producing party claims a privilege in materials that have been produced,
The court rejects Plaintiffs' assertion that Defendants were somehow at fault for producing the subject emails before conducting a full review of every email for privilege. The very existence of Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(b)(5)(B) is intended to facilitate the swift production of discovery by providing some comfort to the producing party that privileges are not waived by production in discovery.
The court has reviewed the subject email and finds that it contains privileged attorney-client communications. The attorney-client privilege is governed by federal common law in this federal question case. Fed.R.Evid. 501. However, the Oklahoma statutes, 12 Okla. Stat. §2502,
Contrary to Plaintiffs' assertions, this is not a case where a party has attempted to prevent the disclosure of factual information by use of the privilege. There is no factual information contained in the subject email that has not otherwise been disclosed to Plaintiff. Moreover, there is nothing untoward about Defendant having consulted counsel, about Defendant's decision makers discussing counsel's advice, or about their having taken that advice. Defendant is entitled to do all of those things. Further Defendant has not claimed advice of counsel as a defense, or otherwise taken any action inconsistent with preservation of the privilege. Nor has Defendant made any claims that would make Defendant's counsel subject to having her deposition taken in this case.
The court is not persuaded by Plaintiffs' claim that "there is a dispute as to the basis for Marlana's termination that only Ms. Dorwart can answer." [Dkt. 62, p. 14]. The reasons for Mrs. Mafille's termination have been communicated to her. There has been no showing that discovery of any evidence supporting those reasons has been denied to Plaintiffs under a claim of privilege. Plaintiffs repeatedly state that Defendant's attorney fired Mrs. Mafille. [Dkt. 62, p. 16]. Even if that were true, Plaintiff have not shown that the identity of who fired Mrs. Mafille has anything what-so-ever to do with establishing liability, damages, or a defense against any claim asserted in this case.
The court finds that Plaintiffs have not demonstrated any basis for taking the deposition of Defendant's attorney. Moreover, taking the deposition of an opponent's attorney, either trial counsel or general counsel, often encumbers the case with burdensome collateral issues which unnecessarily increase the cost of litigation and delay the progress of the case. In Boughton v. Cotter Corp., 65 F.3d 823 (10th Cir. 1995), the Court considered whether the trial court abused its discretion by entering a protective order against the deposition of opposing counsel. The trial court found that taking the deposition of opposing counsel affects the quality of representation, adds to the burdensome time and costs of litigation, and results in delays to resolve collateral issues raised by the attorney's testimony. Id. at 829. The Tenth Circuit ruled that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in granting a protective order to protect defendants from an unnecessary burden. The Court approved of the criteria set out in Shelton v. American Motors Corp., 805 F.2d 1323, 1327 (8th Cir. 1986) which held that depositions of opposing counsel should be limited to circumstances where it has been shown that: 1) no other means exist to obtain the information than to depose opposing counsel; 2) the information sought is relevant and nonprivleged; and 3) the information is crucial to the preparation of the case. Boughton, 65 F.3d at 829. The Tenth Circuit ruled that a trial court has the discretion to issue a protective order where any one or more of the Shelton criteria are not met. Id. at 830. In the present case none of the Shelton criteria have been met.
The court has found that the subject email which communicates attorney advice to Defendant's employees involved in the termination of Mrs. Mafille's employment is privileged attorney-client communication. As a result, Plaintiffs are prohibited from making any further use of the information concerning advice by counsel contained in the email. In addition to being privileged, counsel's role is not relevant. Plaintiffs are hereby required to return or destroy any copies of the subject emails and are required to take reasonable steps to retrieve the email if it has been distributed. Further, the exhibit containing the subject email, [Dkt. 40-1], will be sealed. The motion which the offending email was offered to support was denied. [Dkt. 56]. No appeal was taken of that order within the time frame permitted by Fed.R.Civ.P. 72(a). Therefore no purpose would be served by allowing Plaintiffs to substitute another exhibit. Accordingly, Plaintiffs' request to substitute a replacement exhibit, [Dkt. 46], will be denied.
Defendant's Motion to Strike Exhibit 1 to Doc. 40, [Dkt. 42], is GRANTED. Plaintiffs are prohibited from making any use of the information contained in [Dkt. 40-1]. Plaintiffs are required to return or destroy any copies of the subject emails. Plaintiffs are required to take reasonable steps to retrieve the subject emails if they have been distributed. The exhibit containing the subject emails, [Dkt. 40-1] is ordered sealed.
Plaintiffs' Motion to Withdraw Document and to Substitute Replacement Exhibit, [Dkt. 46], is DENIED.
Defendant's Motion for Protective Order to Prohibit Deposition of Counsel, [Dkt. 51], is GRANTED; and Defendant's Motion to Quash Subpoena, [Dkt. 52], is GRANTED.
The parties are to bear their own costs related to these motions.
SO ORDERED.