STANLEY R. CHESLER, District Judge.
This matter comes before the Court upon the motion for summary judgment filed by Defendant Wells Fargo Home Mortgage, Inc. ("Defendant" or "Wells Fargo"). Plaintiffs Eddy Mercedes and Anibal Gonzales ("Plaintiffs") have not submitted opposition to the motion. The Court has considered the papers submitted and proceeds to rule without oral argument pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 78. For the reasons that follow, the Court will grant Defendant's motion for summary judgment.
This case involves borrowers who fell behind on their mortgage payments, and the accuracy of the information that their lender reported to credit agencies.
In July of 2009, Wells Fargo issued Plaintiffs Eddy Mercedes and Anibal Gonzales a mortgage loan on their property in Paterson, New Jersey. In light of damage inflicted by Hurricane Sandy, Plaintiff Mercedes requested assistance with his loan payments, and Wells Fargo accordingly granted him a temporary forbearance on the loan. Wells Fargo initially told credit reporting agencies ("CRAs") that Mercedes had entered into a partial-payment agreement on the loan, but in March of 2012 it instructed the CRAs to remove all references to a partialpayment agreement.
After the forbearance ended, Plaintiff did not resume making payments. In November of 2012, Wells Fargo issued a Moratorium on the loan, which meant that for ninety days Wells Fargo would not notify CRAs that Plaintiff was late on payments, nor would it charge him late fees. Wells Fargo informed Plaintiff that payments would resume in February of 2013. At the end of that Moratorium period, however, Plaintiff again did not resume making payments.
In March of 2013, Wells Fargo offered Plaintiff a "trial" modification plan, and Plaintiff temporarily made payments under that plan. In July of 2013, Wells Fargo offered Plaintiff a "final loan modification," which would have saved him about $400 a month, brought his loan current, and reduced his interest rate. The terms of this offer were acceptable to Plaintiff, but he nevertheless rejected it because he did not believe it would sufficiently reduce his principal balance. After rejecting this offer, Plaintiff did not reapply for a modification.
In September of 2013, Plaintiff still had not resumed making payments, and Wells Fargo reported to CRAs that Plaintiff had become delinquent on the loan.
Shortly thereafter, Plaintiff complained about the report that Wells Fargo issued. He emphasized that he was a victim of Hurricane Sandy, that his account had been placed in a moratorium, and that he was going through a modification process. Plaintiff did not allege that any fraud or identity theft had occurred. Wells Fargo received notice of Plaintiff's complaints.
In response, Wells Fargo investigated the accuracy of the information it had reported. In April of 2013, it notified the CRAs that the information it had reported was indeed accurate: Plaintiff Mercedes was delinquent on his mortgage loan.
Plaintiffs filed a Complaint against Wells Fargo in October of 2013. In it, Plaintiffs claim that Wells Fargo reported false and negative information about Plaintiffs to the CRAs, which violated the Fair Credit Reporting Act ("FCRA"). They also assert a promissory estoppel claim under New Jersey state law, arguing that Wells Fargo promised Plaintiffs a moratorium, and that Plaintiffs fell behind on payments as a result of that promise.
In October of 2014, Wells Fargo moved for summary judgment. In support of its motion, Wells Fargo argues that Plaintiffs have failed to establish any issues of material fact. Namely, Wells Fargo highlights that Plaintiff Mercedes admits that he failed to make payments, which means that the information regarding his delinquency status was true. Wells Fargo further urges that it conducted a reasonable investigation to verify the disputed information. Finally, Wells Fargo notes that the FCRA preempts Plaintiffs' state law claims, and that in any event, the promissory estoppel theory fails as a matter of law.
The Court begins by noting that Plaintiffs did not submit any opposition to Defendant's motion.
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56(a) provides that a "court shall grant summary judgment if the movant shows that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a);
The showing required to establish that there is no genuine issue of material fact depends on whether the moving party bears the burden of proof at trial. On claims for which the moving party does not bear the burden of proof at trial, the movant must point out to the district court "that there is an absence of evidence to support the nonmoving party's case."
Once the moving party has satisfied its initial burden, the party opposing the motion must establish the existence of a genuine issue as to a material fact.
The FCRA seeks "to ensure fair and accurate credit reporting, promote efficiency in the banking system, and protect consumer privacy," and it accordingly imposes certain duties upon furnishers of credit information.
A consumer seeking to enforce a furnisher's duty to investigate "must plead that [he]: (1) sent notice of disputed information to a consumer reporting agency, (2) the consumer reporting agency then notified the defendant furnisher of the dispute, and (3) the furnisher failed to investigate and modify the inaccurate information."
Here, the Court finds that Wells Fargo is entitled to summary judgment on Plaintiffs' FCRA claim because Plaintiffs have not demonstrated that Wells Fargo "failed to investigate and modify [] inaccurate information."
With respect to the precise information at issue, Plaintiffs highlight two instances of alleged inaccurate reporting. First, Plaintiffs note Wells Fargo's March 2012 reference to a partial-payment agreement. Critically, however, the record demonstrates that with regard to that report, Wells Fargo did exactly what the FCRA requires: it contacted the relevant CRAs and instructed them to remove any reference to a partial-payment agreement on Plaintiffs' account.
Plaintiffs next point to the fact that Wells Fargo eventually reported to CRAs that Mercedes became delinquent on the loan. The Court finds, however, that Wells Fargo has demonstrated that the relevant claim — that Plaintiff was delinquent on the loan — was true. Indeed, Plaintiff admits as much. Specifically, Mercedes testified that he failed to make the payments which became due at the end of the Moratorium period, as well as those following the July 2013 final loan modification. Accordingly, by Mercedes' own admission, he was delinquent on his loan when Wells Fargo claimed that he was. Thus, Wells Fargo did not report inaccurate information.
Moreover, the record demonstrates that upon receiving notice of Plaintiff's dispute, Wells Fargo conducted a reasonable investigation. Plaintiff's dispute centered only on his claims that he was a victim of Hurricane Sandy, that his account had been placed in a moratorium period, and that it was going through a modification process. Because Plaintiff simply disputed that his loan payments were delinquent, Wells Fargo only needed to "verify that the reported information [was] consistent with the information in its records,"
All told, Plaintiffs have not demonstrated either that Wells Fargo reported any inaccurate information nor that it then failed to investigate and correct such information.
Plaintiffs next assert that Wells Fargo's conduct violated state-law principles of promissory estoppel. The Court need not reach this issue, because the FCRA preempts state-law claims for conduct allegedly violating the statute's provisions.
For the reasons above, the Court finds that Defendant has demonstrated that it is entitled to summary judgment on all claims in this action. Defendant's motion will be granted in its entirety. An appropriate Order will be filed.