Filed: Sep. 16, 2011
Latest Update: Feb. 22, 2020
Summary: NOT PRECEDENTIAL UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT _ No. 10-4758 _ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. MARVIN ANDRE HENDY, a/k/a Donald M. Peterson Marvin Andre Hendy, Appellant _ On Appeal from the United States District Court for the District Court of New Jersey District Court No. 03-09-cr-00485-001 District Judge: The Honorable Anne E. Thompson _ Submitted Pursuant to Third Circuit L.A.R. 34.1(a) September 14, 2011 Before: SLOVITER, SMITH, and NYGAARD, Circuit Judges (Filed: Septem
Summary: NOT PRECEDENTIAL UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT _ No. 10-4758 _ UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. MARVIN ANDRE HENDY, a/k/a Donald M. Peterson Marvin Andre Hendy, Appellant _ On Appeal from the United States District Court for the District Court of New Jersey District Court No. 03-09-cr-00485-001 District Judge: The Honorable Anne E. Thompson _ Submitted Pursuant to Third Circuit L.A.R. 34.1(a) September 14, 2011 Before: SLOVITER, SMITH, and NYGAARD, Circuit Judges (Filed: Septemb..
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NOT PRECEDENTIAL
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
_____________
No. 10-4758
_____________
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
v.
MARVIN ANDRE HENDY,
a/k/a Donald M. Peterson
Marvin Andre Hendy,
Appellant
_____________
On Appeal from the United States District Court
for the District Court of New Jersey
District Court No. 03-09-cr-00485-001
District Judge: The Honorable Anne E. Thompson
______________
Submitted Pursuant to Third Circuit L.A.R. 34.1(a)
September 14, 2011
Before: SLOVITER, SMITH, and NYGAARD, Circuit Judges
(Filed: September 16, 2011)
_____________________
OPINION
_____________________
SMITH, Circuit Judge.
Marvin Andre Hendy, a citizen and native of Guyana, entered this
country in 1984 pursuant to a visa. After he was convicted of several armed
robberies, he was deported in 1993. Hendy then illegally returned to the United
States, only to be deported again in 2004. Undeterred, he reentered the United
States. Although he was apprehended by law enforcement authorities in 2007, he
avoided deportation proceedings by providing a false name. In 2009, however, an
indictment was returned by a grand jury charging Hendy with illegal reentry after
deportation in violation of Title 8, U.S.C. §§ 1326 (a) and (b)(2).
Hendy exercised his right to a jury trial. During trial, he stipulated to
only one of the elements of the offense of illegally reentering the United States,
thereby requiring the government to prove its case beyond a reasonable doubt as to
the other elements. Although Hendy testified, the jury found him guilty as
charged. At sentencing, the United States District Court for the District of New
Jersey imposed a 63-month sentence, which fell at the lower end of Hendy’s
guidelines range. This timely appeal followed.1
Hendy contends that the District Court erred at sentencing by failing to
reduce his offense level by two points pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 3E1.1 based on his
acceptance of responsibility. Hendy acknowledged at sentencing that the
acceptance of responsibility adjustment is generally not available if a defendant
1
The District Court had jurisdiction under 18 U.S.C. § 3231. The Court of Appeals has
jurisdiction under 18 U.S.C. § 3742(a) and 28 U.S.C. § 1291.
2
puts the government to its burden of proof. U.S.S.G. § 3E1.1, cmt. n.2.
Nonetheless, he argued that the adjustment was warranted because he had
stipulated to one element of the case and did not vigorously oppose the
government’s proof of the other elements of the offense of illegal reentry. After
presenting further remarks about the guideline calculation and in an effort to set
forth a revised guideline range for the Court’s consideration, Hendy’s counsel
asked the Court if it accepted his argument. The Court indicated that it was not
persuaded.
According to Hendy, the District Court erred by failing to find that he met
the requirements for a § 3E1.1 adjustment. Whether a defendant has accepted
responsibility is a factual finding reviewable for clear error. United States v.
Lessner,
498 F.3d 185, 199 (3d Cir. 2007). In light of the District Court’s
familiarity with the trial proceeding, which included Hendy’s testimony, and the
argument offered at sentencing, we find no error, clear or otherwise, in the Court’s
factual determination that Hendy did not merit an acceptance of responsibility
adjustment.
We turn to Hendy’s challenge to the reasonableness of his sentence. We
review for procedural error and substantive reasonableness, applying an abuse of
discretion standard to both inquiries. United States v. Tomko,
562 F.3d 558, 567
(3d Cir. 2009) (en banc). Hendy contends that his sentence is procedurally
3
unreasonable because the District Court: (1) did not rule on Hendy’s request for a
variance; (2) failed to address his argument that it should grant a variance because
U.S.S.G. § 2L1.2’s 16-level enhancement lacked an empirical justification, and its
harshness had been recognized by the courts as evidenced by the percentage of
downward departures granted at sentencings; and (3) did not adequately explain its
sentence.
The sentencing transcript before us belies Hendy’s contentions. After
discussing several of the factors set forth in 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a), the Court
declared that the “characteristics of this defendant would not warrant the kind of
lenient sentence that counsel for the defendant has argued for.” By our lights, this
constituted a ruling on his request for a variance. Immediately following this
ruling, the Court acknowledged Hendy’s assertion that application of § 2L1.2 was
harsh and resulted in disparate sentences. She declined, however, to deviate, as
courts had in other illegal reentry cases, on the basis that a sentence within the
guideline range of 63 to 78 months seemed “perfectly appropriate in [Hendy’s]
case.” Finally, the Court explained that given all the sentencing factors and in light
of Hendy’s characteristics, a guideline sentence was “as lenient a sentence as the
court could, in good conscience, impose.” In sum, the District Court’s sentence
was procedurally sound.
4
Finally, Hendy contends that his within-guideline sentence is
substantively unreasonable. We disagree. Because it cannot be said that “no
reasonable sentencing court would have imposed the same sentence on [Hendy] for
the reasons the district court provided[,]” we will affirm.
Tomko, 562 F.3d at 568.
5