Filed: Jul. 28, 2014
Latest Update: Mar. 02, 2020
Summary: UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT No. 13-4991 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff – Appellee, v. BIDCAR EDUARDO OROZCO OROZCO, a/k/a Bidcar Eduardo Orosco, a/k/a Bidcar Ezer Orozco-Orozco, a/k/a Jesus Miguel Sosa, a/k/a Eric Castro, a/k/a Erik Rodriguez Castro, a/k/a Castillo Erik Rodriguez, a/k/a Ruben Matias Calmo Porfirio, a/k/a Justo Pastor Padilla, Defendant - Appellant. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina, a
Summary: UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT No. 13-4991 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff – Appellee, v. BIDCAR EDUARDO OROZCO OROZCO, a/k/a Bidcar Eduardo Orosco, a/k/a Bidcar Ezer Orozco-Orozco, a/k/a Jesus Miguel Sosa, a/k/a Eric Castro, a/k/a Erik Rodriguez Castro, a/k/a Castillo Erik Rodriguez, a/k/a Ruben Matias Calmo Porfirio, a/k/a Justo Pastor Padilla, Defendant - Appellant. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina, at..
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UNPUBLISHED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
No. 13-4991
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff – Appellee,
v.
BIDCAR EDUARDO OROZCO OROZCO, a/k/a Bidcar Eduardo Orosco,
a/k/a Bidcar Ezer Orozco-Orozco, a/k/a Jesus Miguel Sosa,
a/k/a Eric Castro, a/k/a Erik Rodriguez Castro, a/k/a
Castillo Erik Rodriguez, a/k/a Ruben Matias Calmo Porfirio,
a/k/a Justo Pastor Padilla,
Defendant - Appellant.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle
District of North Carolina, at Greensboro. Thomas D. Schroeder,
District Judge. (1:13-cr-00225-TDS-1)
Submitted: July 24, 2014 Decided: July 28, 2014
Before FLOYD and THACKER, Circuit Judges, and DAVIS, Senior
Circuit Judge.
Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.
Sandra Baughn Jelovsek, LAW OFFICE OF SANDRA BAUGHN JELOVSEK,
Johnson City, Tennessee, for Appellant. Kyle David Pousson,
OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES ATTORNEY, Greensboro, North
Carolina, for Appellee.
Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
PER CURIAM:
Bidcar Eduardo Orozco Orozco appeals his conviction
and ninety-six-month sentence imposed following his guilty plea
to illegal reentry subsequent to an aggravated felony, in
violation of 8 U.S.C. § 1326(a), (b)(2) (2012). On appeal,
counsel has filed a brief pursuant to Anders v. California, 386
U.S. 738 (1967), asserting that there are no meritorious issues
for review but questioning whether (1) Orozco Orozco’s plea was
knowing and voluntary, (2) Orozco Orozco’s prior conviction was
properly designated an “aggravated felony” under § 1326(b)(2),
(3) the district court imposed a reasonable sentence, (4) Orozco
Orozco’s statements to law enforcement were taken in violation
of Miranda v. Arizona,
384 U.S. 436 (1966), and (5) Orozco
Orozco was informed after his arrest of his rights under the
Vienna Convention. For the reasons that follow, we affirm.
Before accepting a guilty plea, the district court
must conduct a plea colloquy in which it informs the defendant
of, and determines that he comprehends, the nature of the charge
to which he is pleading guilty, the maximum possible penalty he
faces, any mandatory minimum penalty, and the rights he is
relinquishing by pleading guilty. Fed. R. Crim. P. 11(b)(1);
United States v. DeFusco, 949 F.2d 114, 116 (4th Cir. 1991).
The court also must ensure that the plea is voluntary, supported
by an independent factual basis, and not the result of force,
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threats, or promises outside the plea agreement. Fed. R. Crim.
P. 11(b)(2), (3). Because Orozco Orozco did not challenge his
guilty plea in the district court, we review the plea colloquy
for plain error. United States v. Martinez, 277 F.3d 517, 525
(4th Cir. 2002); see Henderson v. United States,
133 S. Ct.
1121, 1126-27 (2013) (discussing standard of review).
Here, the district court fully complied with the
requirements of Rule 11, ensuring that Orozco Orozco’s plea was
knowing and voluntary and supported by an independent factual
basis. We discern no basis to doubt Orozco Orozco’s
understanding of the statutory penalties applicable to his
offense, or to question his knowing and voluntary plea as a
result of the advisements regarding those penalties provided to
him during the plea colloquy.
A defendant who illegally reenters the United States
after having been removed following a conviction for an
aggravated felony is subject to a twenty-year term of
imprisonment. 8 U.S.C. § 1326(b)(2). Aggravated felonies
includes “crime[s] of violence,” as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 16
(2012), for which the term of imprisonment is at least one year.
8 U.S.C. § 1101(43)(F) (2012). A “crime of violence” includes
“an offense that has as an element the use, attempted use, or
threatened use of physical force against the person or property
of another.” 18 U.S.C. § 16(a). As counsel concedes, Orozco
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Orozco’s conviction for assault with a deadly weapon inflicting
serious bodily injury is properly classified as a “crime of
violence.” See N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-32 (2013); see also
State v. Walker, 694 S.E.2d 484, 494-95 (N.C. Ct. App. 2010)
(defining “serious injury”).
We review a sentence for reasonableness, applying “a
deferential abuse-of-discretion standard.” Gall v. United
States, 552 U.S. 38, 41 (2007). We “first ensure that the
district court committed no significant procedural error,”
including improper calculation of the Guidelines range,
insufficient consideration of the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) (2012)
factors, and inadequate explanation of the sentence imposed.
Id. at 51. If we find no procedural error, we examine the
substantive reasonableness of the sentence under “the totality
of the circumstances.”
Id. The sentence must be “sufficient,
but not greater than necessary,” to satisfy the goals of
sentencing. 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). A within-Guidelines sentence
is presumed on appeal to be substantively reasonable, and the
defendant bears the burden to “rebut the presumption by
demonstrating that the sentence is unreasonable when measured
against the § 3553(a) factors.” United States v. Montes-Pineda,
445 F.3d 375, 379 (4th Cir. 2006) (internal quotation marks
omitted).
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Our review of the record before us demonstrates that
the sentence is procedurally reasonable, as the district court
properly calculated the Guidelines range, considered the
parties’ arguments, and provided a thorough explanation for the
sentence imposed. Further, Orozco Orozco fails to rebut the
presumption of reasonableness accorded his within-Guidelines
sentence.
Counsel also questions whether Orozco Orozco’s arrest
violated his rights under the Vienna Convention and whether his
post-arrest questioning violated Miranda. However, Orozco
Orozco’s guilty plea forecloses relief on these grounds. See
United States v. Moussaoui, 591 F.3d 263, 279 (4th Cir. 2010)
(“[T]he defendant who has pled guilty has no non-jurisdictional
ground upon which to attack that judgment except the inadequacy
of the plea or the government’s power to bring any indictment at
all.” (internal quotation marks and citations omitted)).
Additionally, we have reviewed Orozco Orozco’s pro se
supplemental brief and discern from it no valid basis to
overturn the criminal judgment.
In accordance with Anders, we have reviewed the record
in this case and have found no meritorious issues for appeal.
We therefore affirm Orozco Orozco’s conviction and sentence.
This court requires that counsel inform Orozco Orozco, in
writing, of his right to petition the Supreme Court of the
5
United States for further review. If Orozco Orozco requests
that a petition be filed, but counsel believes that such a
petition would be frivolous, then counsel may move in this court
for leave to withdraw from representation. Counsel’s motion
must state that a copy thereof was served on Orozco Orozco.
We dispense with oral argument because the facts and
legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials
before this court and argument would not aid the decisional
process.
AFFIRMED
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