UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT No. 17-1780 DEREK N. JARVIS, Plaintiff - Appellant, v. THE CITY OF ALEXANDRIA MAYOR’S OFFICE; ALEXANDRIA CITY COUNSEL; ALEXANDRIA CITY MANAGER, Defendants - Appellees. No. 17-1804 DEREK N. JARVIS, Plaintiff - Appellant, v. THE CITY OF ALEXANDRIA MAYOR’S OFFICE; ALEXANDRIA CITY COUNSEL; ALEXANDRIA CITY MANAGER, Defendants - Appellees.  No. 17-1805 DEREK N. JARVIS, Plaintiff - Appellant, v. THE CITY OF ALEXANDRIA MAYOR’S OFFICE; ALEXANDRIA CITY COUNSEL; ALEXANDRIA CITY MANAGER, Defendants - Appellees. Appeals from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, at Alexandria. James C. Cacheris, Senior District Judge. (1:17-cv-00378-JCC-JFA) Submitted: October 17, 2017 Decided: October 19, 2017 Before FLOYD and HARRIS, Circuit Judges, and HAMILTON, Senior Circuit Judge. Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion. Derek N. Jarvis, Appellant Pro Se. Travis Sands MacRae, OFFICE OF THE CITY ATTORNEY, Alexandria, Virginia, for Appellees. Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit. 2 PER CURIAM: Derek N. Jarvis appeals the district court’s orders dismissing his civil action, dismissing his motion to reconsider under Fed. R. Civ. P. 59(e), and imposing a prefiling injunction applicable to future filings. We have reviewed the record and find no reversible error. Accordingly, we affirm for the reasons stated by the district court. Jarvis v. The City of Alexandria, No. 1:17-cv-00378-JCC-JFA (E.D. Va. June 12, 22, 28, 2017). We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before this court and argument would not aid the decisional process. AFFIRMED 3