Filed: Oct. 19, 2001
Latest Update: Mar. 02, 2020
Summary: UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT No. 01-30379 Summary Calendar LUTHER T OTIS, SR Plaintiff-Appellant, VERSUS BOARD OF SUPERVISORS OF LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY, AND AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE; LESLYE A BASS; ALBERT A LAVILLE; RON E GARDNER; MERVIN L TRAIL Defendants-Appellees. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana (No. 99-CV-3795-T) October 19, 2001 Before DeMOSS, PARKER, and DENNIS, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM:* Luther T.
Summary: UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT No. 01-30379 Summary Calendar LUTHER T OTIS, SR Plaintiff-Appellant, VERSUS BOARD OF SUPERVISORS OF LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY, AND AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE; LESLYE A BASS; ALBERT A LAVILLE; RON E GARDNER; MERVIN L TRAIL Defendants-Appellees. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana (No. 99-CV-3795-T) October 19, 2001 Before DeMOSS, PARKER, and DENNIS, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM:* Luther T. O..
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UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
No. 01-30379
Summary Calendar
LUTHER T OTIS, SR
Plaintiff-Appellant,
VERSUS
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS OF LOUISIANA
STATE UNIVERSITY, AND AGRICULTURAL AND
MECHANICAL COLLEGE; LESLYE A BASS;
ALBERT A LAVILLE; RON E GARDNER;
MERVIN L TRAIL
Defendants-Appellees.
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Eastern District of Louisiana
(No. 99-CV-3795-T)
October 19, 2001
Before DeMOSS, PARKER, and DENNIS, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
Luther T. Otis appeals the district court’s entry of
judgment on his claims for retaliation and constructive
discharge. We find no error and affirm.
*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the Court has determined that this
opinion should not be published and is not precedent except under
the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.
BACKGROUND
Otis worked for the Louisiana State University campus police
at the university’s medical center in New Orleans. For six years
he and Carl Robertson were posted together at the eye clinic.
Robertson in 1998 wrote several letters to the university’s board
of supervisors complaining of harassment by the chief of police,
Leslye A. Bass. Robertson contended that the alleged harassment
was motivated by racial animus. Both he and Otis are black; Bass
is also black, however. Otis alleged that Bass retaliated
against him shortly after Robertson began sending his letters
because of his friendship with Robertson. Otis points to four
alleged acts of retaliation: (1) discontinuing Otis and
Robertson’s practice of scheduling their own overtime; (2)
requiring that the two remove a microwave and mini-refrigerator
from their post; (3) requesting that Otis explain why he took
four hours to complete a police report; and (4) assigning Otis to
a new shift. Otis went on sick leave beginning mid 1998 and
never returned to the university. He resigned his position some
14 months later.
Otis filed suit in district court alleging retaliation for
his association with Robertson and for Robertson’s having filed
an employment grievance. Otis also contends that by virtue of
his treatment by Bass and others he was constructively
discharged. The district court granted summary judgment against
Otis on each claim. Otis made a timely appeal.
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DISCUSSION
The standard for reviewing a district court’s order granting
summary judgment is de novo. “Summary judgment is appropriate,
when, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the
nonmoving party, the record reflects that no genuine issue of any
material fact exists, and the moving party is entitled to
judgment as a matter of law.” Urbano v. Continental Airlines,
Inc.,
138 F.3d 204, 205 (5th Cir. 1998) (citing Celotex Corp. v.
Catrett,
477 U.S. 317, 322-24 (1986)). The nonmoving party must
designate specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue
appropriate for trial. See
id.
The district court correctly granted summary judgment on
Otis’s retaliation claim. To prove retaliation for having lodged
an employment grievance, plaintiff must show that he suffered an
adverse employment decision. See Mattern v. Eastman Kodak Co.,
104 F.3d 702, 705 (5th Cir. 1997). Adverse employment decisions
are limited to certain ultimate employment actions, such as
demotions, discharges, and refusals to hire, promote, or grant
leave. See
id. at 707. Adverse employment decisions should be
distinguished from those that are not ultimate actions and have
no more than a “mere tangential effect on a possible future
ultimate decision.” See Mota v. University of Tex. Houston
Health Sci. Ctr.,
261 F.3d 512, 519 (5th Cir. 2001)(internal
quotations omitted). The actions Otis complains of here are
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plainly not the kinds of ultimate employment decisions we have
contemplated in retaliation cases. Being asked to remove a
microwave oven and mini-refrigerator from his workspace because
it looks unprofessional is not in any sense an ultimate action.
Requiring Otis and Robertson to confer with Bass before
scheduling overtime cannot be said to be an ultimate action
either. Nor can a request that Otis explain why it took him four
hours to complete a police report. The only action by Bass that
might be considered “ultimate” was her decision to assign Otis to
a different shift. But this argument too is foreclosed, for we
have previously held that a change in an employee’s work schedule
does not ordinarily represent an adverse employment action. See
Benningfield v. City of Houston,
157 F.3d 369, 377 (5th Cir.
1998). Furthermore, Otis never labored under his new shift
assignment, so he cannot claim that the shift change in fact
caused him to suffer an adverse employment action.
The district court also correctly entered judgment against
Otis on his First-Amendment retaliation and constructive
discharge claims. Like his other retaliation claim, to show
retaliation for having participated in a protected First-
Amendment activity, Otis must prove that he suffered an adverse
employment action. See
Benningfield, 157 F.3d at 375. Also like
his other retaliation claim, here an adverse employment action is
akin to an ultimate employment decision (e.g., a discharge,
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demotion, reprimand, etc.). See
id. at 375. The four allegedly
adverse actions that Otis complains of here are the same four he
cited in his other retaliation claim. We will not consider a
First-Amendment retaliation claim if a similar claim cannot be
sustained under Title VII unless the two can be made out on
different grounds. See Hernandez v. Hill Country Tele. Coop.,
Inc.,
849 F.2d 139, 142 (5th Cir. 1988). Otis has failed to make
such a showing. As for his constructive discharge claim, Otis
must prove that a reasonable person in his position “would have
felt compelled to resign.” See
Benningfield, 157 F.3d at 378.
Again, none of the incidents noted by Otis, even when considered
cumulatively, would support a finding that he was laboring in
such an environment.
CONCLUSION
We agree that no genuine issue of material fact exists as to
one or more elements in each of Otis’s claims. We therefore do
not reach the remainder of the bases for upholding the judgment
of the district court.
AFFIRMED.
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