Judges: Per Curiam
Filed: Jun. 07, 2018
Latest Update: Mar. 03, 2020
Summary: NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION To be cited only in accordance with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit Chicago, Illinois 60604 Argued May 22, 2018 Decided June 7, 2018 Before JOEL M. FLAUM, Circuit Judge KENNETH F. RIPPLE, Circuit Judge ROBERT W. GETTLEMAN, District Judge* Nos. 17-3422 & 17-3571 DAVID BIELFELDT and KAREN WALES, Appeal from the United States District Plaintiffs-Appellants, Court for the Central District of Illinois. v. No. 1:15-cv-1419 LEE C.
Summary: NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION To be cited only in accordance with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit Chicago, Illinois 60604 Argued May 22, 2018 Decided June 7, 2018 Before JOEL M. FLAUM, Circuit Judge KENNETH F. RIPPLE, Circuit Judge ROBERT W. GETTLEMAN, District Judge* Nos. 17-3422 & 17-3571 DAVID BIELFELDT and KAREN WALES, Appeal from the United States District Plaintiffs-Appellants, Court for the Central District of Illinois. v. No. 1:15-cv-1419 LEE C. G..
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NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION
To be cited only in accordance with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1
United States Court of Appeals
For the Seventh Circuit
Chicago, Illinois 60604
Argued May 22, 2018
Decided June 7, 2018
Before
JOEL M. FLAUM, Circuit Judge
KENNETH F. RIPPLE, Circuit Judge
ROBERT W. GETTLEMAN, District Judge*
Nos. 17‐3422 & 17‐3571
DAVID BIELFELDT and KAREN WALES, Appeal from the United States District
Plaintiffs‐Appellants, Court for the Central District of Illinois.
v. No. 1:15‐cv‐1419
LEE C. GRAVES, et al., Jonathan E. Hawley,
Defendants‐Appellees. Magistrate Judge.
O R D E R
Lee Graves and David Bielfeldt founded ELM One Call Locators, Inc. (“ELM”) as
50/50 Class A shareholders; they were also the sole directors of the company. Graves
served as the Chief Executive Officer, defendant James Bourazak was corporate secretary,
and plaintiff Karen Wales was a minority Class B shareholder. At the time of
incorporation, ELM, Bielfeldt, and Graves entered into a Class A Stock Restriction
Agreement (“SRA”). Article VIII, Section 8.02 of the SRA requires that Bielfeldt and
Graves each consent to certain “Major Event[s],” including, as relevant to this appeal,
“the issuance of debt or equity interests in the Company.” Section 8.03 states that “[i]f
either Bielfeldt or Graves requests in writing that the other consent to a Major Event,
* Of the Northern District of Illinois, sitting by designation.
Nos. 17‐3422 & 17‐3571 Page 2
consent shall be deemed given if the requesting party receives no written response within
thirty (30) days after the receipt of such written request by the other party.” Also relevant,
Article VII of the SRA obliges ELM to notify every Class A shareholder in writing and
disclose certain information at least thirty days before issuing stock or equity.
At the end of 2013, ELM faced a liquidity shortfall. To prevent ELM from
defaulting on its liability insurance and to meet payroll obligations, Graves personally
contributed approximately $1.8 million to the company. On January 16, 2014, Graves sent
an email to Bielfeldt about the liquidity situation and possible funding options. Graves
said that his “[f]irst and preferred option” was for Bielfeldt “to come up with $900K to
equalize our contributions and risk.” However, he stated “[i]f this option is not preferred
then let’s have your ownership valued and work on an exit strategy.” He then said, “if
you have another option, please let me know as I value our friendship and would like to
see this worked out.” Despite various communications that ensued, Bielfeldt never
addressed Graves’s additional capital contribution. As a result, on May 12, 2014, Graves
sent Bielfeldt a letter pursuant to Section 8.02 of the SRA requesting consent for an equity
issuance. Bielfeldt received Graves’s letter but did not respond in writing.
At some point after thirty days elapsed, Graves took steps to issue himself
additional shares of ELM (the “Issuance”), significantly diluting Bielfeldt’s and Wales’s
ownership interests. Bielfeldt and Wales then filed suit against Graves, ELM, and
Bourazak; they claimed the Issuance violated Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, 15 U.S.C. § 78b(j) (“10b‐5”), and the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt
Organizations Act (“RICO”), 18 U.S.C. § 1961–68. Plaintiffs also brought state law claims.
In response, defendants brought a counterclaim seeking a declaratory judgment that the
Issuance was valid. After both parties moved for summary judgment on the declaratory
judgment claim, the district court invited defendants to file a motion for summary
judgment on the federal claims as well. ELM accepted that invitation, and on October 26,
2017, the district court granted that motion.1 The court declined to exercise supplemental
jurisdiction over the remaining claims and counterclaims, and terminated the case.
Plaintiffs now appeal. We review de novo a district court’s grant of summary judgment,
1 Neither
Bourazak nor Graves explicitly joined ELM’s second summary judgment motion.
However, the district court did not err in terminating the case as to all defendants. ELM was on common
ground with Bourazak and Graves, the court invited all defendants to move for summary judgment, and
plaintiffs had an opportunity to respond. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(f); see also Acequia, Inc. v. Prudential Ins. Co.
of Am., 226 F.3d 798, 807 (7th Cir. 2000) (“[W]here one defendant succeeds in winning summary judgment
on a ground common to several defendants, the district court may also grant summary judgment to the
non‐moving defendants, if the plaintiff had an adequate opportunity to argue in opposition.”).
Nos. 17‐3422 & 17‐3571 Page 3
construing all facts and drawing all reasonable inferences in favor of the non‐moving
party. See C.G. Schmidt, Inc. v. Permasteelisa N. Am., 825 F.3d 801, 805 (7th Cir. 2016).
“Rule 10b–5 … prohibits the making of any untrue statement of material fact or
the omission of a material fact that would render statements made misleading in
connection with the purchase or sale of any security.” In re HealthCare Compare Corp. Sec.
Litig., 75 F.3d 276, 280 (7th Cir. 1996). Plaintiffs argue defendants’ failure to include the
terms of the Issuance in the May 12th letter constituted a material misstatement or
omission. But unlike Article VII, Article VIII’s Major Event’s provision is not subject to
any specific disclosure requirements; thus defendants were not required to include
anything other than notice of the Major Event in the letter. Moreover, Bielfeldt’s failure
to respond to the May 12th letter in writing within thirty days is the equivalent of consent
under Section 8.03 of the SRA. Accordingly, plaintiffs’ 10b‐5 claim fails.
To prevail under RICO, plaintiffs must show that defendants participated in an
enterprise’s affairs “through a pattern of racketeering activity.” Brouwer v. Raffensperger,
Hughes & Co., 199 F.3d 961, 963 (7th Cir. 2000). A pattern requires the completion of at
least two predicate acts. Id.; see 18 U.S.C. § 1961(5). Here, there was only one alleged
activity—the single issuance of equity—so there could be no “pattern.” Moreover, there
was no racketeering. As the district court explained, “[d]efendants committed no fraud,
misstatements, or omissions concerning the issuance of equity to Graves.” Rather, after
Graves funded the company, he allowed Bielfeldt an opportunity to maintain
proportional ownership and provided Bielfeldt with information about the additional
capital contribution. Bielfeldt simply failed to respond to the May 12th letter.2
AFFIRMED.
2 Because we affirm the judgment of the district court, we also affirm the district court’s award of
costs to defendants. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 54(d)(1).