SONJA F. BIVINS, Magistrate Judge.
Plaintiff Sonya Nicholson ("Plaintiff") brings this action on behalf of her minor child, A.R., seeking judicial review of a final decision of the Commissioner of Social Security denying her claim for child supplemental security income under Title XVI of the Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. § 1381
Plaintiff protectively filed an application for supplemental security income benefits on behalf of her daughter A.R. on September 6, 2005, alleging that her daughter has been disabled since October 1, 1999. (Tr. 33-36, 46). In claiming benefits, Plaintiff alleges disability due to Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease ("CMT"). (Tr. 28, 39). Plaintiff's application was denied at the initial stage, and she filed a timely Request for Hearing before an Administrative Law Judge ("ALJ"). (Tr. 29-32). Following an administrative hearing, the ALJ, on April 10, 2008, issued an unfavorable decision finding that A.R. is not disabled. (Tr. 10-21, 149-62). Plaintiff's request for review was denied by the Appeals Council ("AC").
Subsequent thereto, Plaintiff filed suit in this Court.
A second administrative hearing was held on June 3, 2010, before ALJ Thomas M. Muth, II. The hearing was attended by Plaintiff, her daughter A.R., her attorney, and medical expert Henry Durham, M.D. (Tr. 259-84). On August 23, 2010, ALJ Muth issued an unfavorable decision finding that A.R. is not disabled. (
The parties agree that this case is now ripe for judicial review and is properly before this Court pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §§ 1383(c)(3).
A.R. was born on January 3, 1995. She was 10 years old and had completed fourth grade when her application was submitted. At the time of the administrative hearing on March 13, 2008, A.R. was 13 years old and in the seventh grade. (Tr. 46, 152). At the administrative hearing on June 3, 2010, A.R. was 15 years old and in the ninth grade. (
Regarding her hands, A.R. testified that her hands constantly shake and tremble, that she has trouble writing at school because her hand gets tired, that her teachers allow her to take breaks, that she is unable to carry her lunch tray and book bag, and as a result, she requires assistance from other students. (
Plaintiff also testified at the administrative hearing. She testified that A.R. is not able to open a bottle, and that she does not permit A.R. to wash dishes or cook because she has no grip. (
Dr. Henry Durham testified at the administrative hearing as a medical expert. He confirmed that he had reviewed the medical records and A.R.'s school records. Dr. Durham identified A.R.'s impairments as peripheral neuropathy, or CMT, Type II, status post surgery, mild asthma, and food allergies. (
In reviewing claims brought under the Act, this Court's role is a limited one. The Court's review is limited to determining 1) whether the decision of the Secretary is supported by substantial evidence and 2) whether the correct legal standards were applied.
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act of 1996, which amended the statutory standard for children seeking supplemental security income benefits based on disability, became effective on August 22, 1996. See Pub. L. No. 104-193, 110 Stat. 2105 § 211(b)(2) (1996) (codified at 42 U.S.C. § 1382c). The definition of "disabled" for children is:
At step one, a child's age/work activity, if any, are identified to determine if he has engaged in substantial gainful activity. At step two, the child's physical/mental impairments are examined to see if he has an impairment or combination of impairments that are severe. Under the regulations, a severe impairment is one that is more than "a slight abnormality or a combination of slight abnormalities that causes no more than minimal functional limitations." 20 C.F.R. § 416.924(c). To the extent the child is determined to have a severe impairment, at step three, the Commissioner must then determine whether the impairment or combination or impairments meet or is medically or functionally equal to an impairment listed in Appendix 1 of 20 C.F.R. part 404, subpart P, and otherwise satisfies the duration requirement. 20 CFR § 416.924.
If the ALJ finds that the impairments are severe, but do not meet the listing requirements, he may find that the impairments result in limitations that functionally equal the listings
As noted supra, following the remand of this case to the Agency, a second administrative hearing was conducted and a second unfavorable decision was issued on August 23, 2010. The ALJ determined that while A.R. has the severe impairments of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease Type II, status post foot surgery, allergic rhinitis, and asthma, they do not meet, medically equal or functionally equal the criteria for any of the impairments listed in 20 C.F.R. Pt. 404, Subpt. P., Appx. 1. (Tr. 175). The ALJ also found that A.R. has "less than marked" limitations in caring for herself and health and physical well-being, that she has a "marked" limitation in moving about and manipulating objects, and that she does not have any limitations in acquiring and using information, attending and completing tasks, and interacting and relating with others. (Tr. 183-191). Accordingly, the ALJ concluded that because A.R. does not have an impairment or combination of impairments that result in either "marked" limitations in two domains of functioning or "extreme" limitation in one domain of functioning, she is not disabled under the Act. (Tr. 191).
Included in the record are academic records for A.R. from Francis Marion High School the years 2007-2008 and 2009-2010. (
In August of 2000, A.R. was seen by Holly Mussell, M.D. (hereinafter "Dr. Mussell"), a neurologist at Multispecialty Pediatrics. Dr. Mussell noted that A.R. had a history of difficulty walking, which had progressed over the past one to two years, and pain in the legs. (
In November 2000, A.R. was seen by Dr. John Killian, an orthopedist. He diagnosed A.R. with "probable Charcot-Marie-Tooth." (
In a letter dated January 8, 2001, Dr. Mussell noted that biopsies were performed after A.R.'s surgery, that the nerve biopsy showed loss of myelinated fibers, and the muscle biopsy showed fiber type grouping, and that the results were consistent with axonal form of neuropathy. Dr. Mussell noted that A.R.'s hands seemed strong but that she was having problems with her handwriting. Also, she did not report difficulties with her bowels or bladder. Examination of her upper extremities was essentially normal except for 4+/5 strength in intrinsic and her grip was normal. In her lower extremities, A.R. had atrophy of the lower legs and foot muscles. Dr. Mussell noted that there was "unquestionably decreased vibration in the left lower extremity," and that the lower right leg could not be tested due to the cast. Dr. Mussell opined that A.R. has CMT, type II, which is hereditary. She also noted that the condition could be severely progressive, but that individuals with CMT, type II, do not typically lose the ability to ambulate. (
In a letter dated June 28, 2001, from Dr. Mussell to Dr. Killian, Dr. Mussell stated that A.R.'s mother reported that A.R. was doing well, that she was not experiencing progression of her weakness, muscle cramps, or pain, and that she had no difficulty with her bowels or bladder. Dr. Mussell noted that A.R.'s handwriting was good and that she had completed kindergarten and was continuing to first grade. Dr. Mussell also noted that A.R. was having problems with the fit of her AFOs
Dr. Mussell reported that on examination, A.R. had atrophy of the distal legs, flat feet, and that she was unable to heel or toe walk. The strength in A.R.'s upper extremities, iliopsoas, quadriceps, and hamstrings was normal. A.R. had no toe extension or trace toe flexion in the right foot. On the left, she was able to invert the left foot and had moderate toe flexion. Sensation was normal to pinprick, proprioception, and light touch. A.R.'s deep tendon reflexes were 2+ in the upper extremities, 1+ at the knees, and absent at the ankles. Her gait was remarkable for her foot drop out of her AFOs. Dr. Mussell gave Plaintiff a prescription for A.R. to engage in physical therapy at school and recommended evaluation on a yearly basis. (
A.R. presented to Dr. Samer Assaad on July 5, 2001, with complaints of leg pain from hip down to foot and allergies. (
Dr. Killian evaluated A.R. on February 5, 2002, and diagnosed her with CMT, status post right vavoarus foot reconstructions, and AFO wear. He noted that she was doing well overall and that her AFO fitted her in a satisfactory manner. No new deformity on the left side was observed, and the right foot showed well-healed scar, no prominence of hardware, slightly less than neutral position of her heel, and active dorsiflexion just to about -5 degrees. Her bilateral gait was described as long steppage type. A.R. was to return in six months for a gait check. (
During A.R.'s September 13, 2002 visit with Dr. Killian, she had no significant complaints other than the need for new AFOs. On exam, Dr. Killian observed atrophic upper and lower extremities, weakness in her quadriceps and hamstrings, mild genu valgum
A.R. was next seen my Dr. Killian on June 18, 2003. Dr. Killian observed atrophic upper and lower extremities, no significant fixed contractures, mild genu valgum, and supple pes planus. A.R. was directed to continue stretching and strengthening exercises and the use of her hinged AFOs. (
A.R. was evaluated by Dr. Mussell on July 2, 2004, and July 25, 2005. (
A.R. was evaluated by Dr. Killian on July 20, 2004. He noted that she was doing well and not having any significant pain or symptoms. On physical exam, the "usual and customary mild weakness" was present. Dr. Killian directed A.R. to use a Theraband for stretching, to continue her strengthening, and to return in one year. (
A.R. was seen by Dr. Killian for a follow-up visit on July 11, 2007. He noted that she was doing well overall. Dr. Killian observed that A.R. had a mild drop foot when ambulating and minimal gluteal musculature weakness. X-rays revealed that both hips were reduced at the pelvis. Dr. Killian opined that the elective hardware should be removed from A.R.'s foot if she became more symptomatic. A.R. was directed to wear regular shoes and return for follow-up in one year. (
An office note from Children's Health System dated July 23, 2007 and signed by Dr. Jan Mathisen (on March 14, 2008) reflects that A.R. was not at risk for fall. (
On February 5, 2008, Plaintiff completed a Disability Report — Appeal on behalf of A.R. (
In Dr. Killian's treatment notes dated July 14, 2009, he observed that A.R. is doing quite well, and that she has a foot flat type of gait with a slight foot drop. He also observed that A.R. has a fair steppage type of gait, and opined that she would benefit from AFOs, but that she does not want to wear them. A.R. was directed to return for follow-up in two years.(
Dr. Chris J. Searcy examined A.R. on April 26, 2010. Dr. Searcy noted that A.R. had a history of falls and stumping her feet, difficulty with balance, daily ambulation, and manipulating objects such as school books, her bookbag, and pots and pans. On exam, Dr. Searcy observed that A.R. appeared in no apparent distress but ambulated slowly and deliberately, always using support. Dr. Searcy also observed that A.R. has a pronounced foot drop bilaterally with weakness in her hamstrings and quadriceps, which is worse on the right than the left side. He also noted muscular atrophy in the upper and lower extremities. Dr. Searcy found A.R. exhibited decreased bilateral grip strength and wrist strength. A.R.'s range of motion was relatively normal in the wrists but was decreased bilaterally in the ankles. He noted A.R. has difficulty with balance, advanced gait, and agility. He opined that while A.R. has made progress and is functional because of surgeries and therapy, she is greatly impeded in terms of her physical activities, particularly in advanced ambulation, ability to balance and agility. (
Dr. Searcy also completed a Broad Functional Limitations Questionnaire dated April 26, 2010. (
As noted supra, Plaintiff argues that the ALJ committed reversible error by finding that A.R.'s impairments did not meet or equal Listing 111.06, which addresses disability based on neurologic motor dysfunction. 20 C.F.R. Pt. 404, Subpt. P, App 1. According to Plaintiff, A.R. ambulates without an assistive device but is unable to do so while manipulating objects. Further, Plaintiff contends that Listing 111.06 does not require the complete inability to ambulate without assistive devices or to use one's hands for fine or gross manipulation, rather the Listing simply requires that the condition "result in the disruption of" either fine or gross movements or gait and station. According to Plaintiff, Dr. Durham intimated that the record does not contain independent documentation of A.R.'s functioning, such as from an school teacher, to aid him in determining whether A.R. met a Listing, and as a result, the ALJ should have sought said additional documentation. (Doc. 15).
In opposition, the Commissioner counters that substantial evidence supports the ALJ's finding that A.R.'s impairments do not meet or equal any listed impairment, including Listings 111.06 and 101.02A. Additionally, the Commissioner asserts that to the extent Plaintiff argues that the ALJ did not fully develop the record, it is Plaintiff's burden to prove disability, not the ALJ's. (Doc. 21).
Listing 111.06 provides:
20 C.F.R. Part 404, Subpart P, App. 1.
As acknowledged by the ALJ, the medical evidence reflects that A.R. has CMT
The undersigned finds that the ALJ's decision is supported by substantial evidence. First of all, no physician has opined that A.R. meets Listing 111.06. Second, while the record evidence reflects that A.R. required surgery in November 2000 to treat her right cavovarus foot deformity, and that atrophy in her upper and lower extremities and a flat type of gait has been noted in the treatment records, the treatment records do not establish that A.R.'s hands were affected by CMT so as to interfere with age appropriate major daily activities and to result in the disruption of fine and gross movements or gait or station.
Indeed, the treatment notes do not reflect any functional limitations identified by A.R.'s treating physicians. The treatment notes instead reflect a single complaint regarding hand cramps, which the physician deemed as not much of a problem. Further, while A.R. contends that she suffers from hand tremors which make it difficult for her to carry her lunch tray and book bag, the evidence reflects that she is able to write, dress herself, and ride the bus to school. Moreover, as noted by Dr. Durham during the administrative hearing, the academic records reflect that A.R. is doing well in school, and none of her teachers identified any problems, physical or otherwise
Contrary to Plaintiff's contention, the ALJ did not err in finding that A.R. does not meet Listing 101.02A. The pertinent regulations define an inability to ambulate effectively as an "extreme limitation of the ability to walk; i.e., an impairment that interferes very seriously with the child's ability to independently initiate, sustain, or complete activities."
Plaintiff contends that the ALJ erred in ending his analysis upon finding that A.R. is able to ambulate without the assistance of a hand-held device. According to Plaintiff, the ALJ failed to consider whether A.R. could walk at a reasonable pace or carry out school activities independently given her testimony that she is often late because she is unable to walk from one room to another in the allotted time and that she requires assistance with her lunch tray and books. Although the ALJ's discussion of this issue was not detailed, substantial evidence supports his ultimate conclusion that A.R. does not meet this Listing. First, the ALJ found not only that A.R. did not use a hand-held device, but he also found that Plaintiff and A.R.'s testimony regarding the extent of limitations caused by her impairments was not entirely credible because they were not borne out by the treatment records
The undersigned finds that the ALJ did not err in finding that A.R. does not functionally meet a listing because she does not have marked limitations in two domains, or an extreme limitation in one domain. The ALJ found that A.R. has no limitations in acquiring and using information, attending and completing tasks and interacting and relating to others. Plaintiff does not contend nor does the record reflect that A.R. has any limitations in these domains. According to Plaintiff, the ALJ erred in finding that A.R. has less than marked limitations in health and well being, and he inappropriately credited the opinion of Dr. Durham, a nonexaming physician, over that of Dr. Searcy, an examining physician, in reaching this conclusion. The law is well-settled that the opinion of a claimant's treating physician must be accorded substantial weight unless good cause exists for not doing so.
In this case, both Dr. Durham and Dr. Searcy opined that A.R. has a marked limitation in the domain of moving about and manipulating objects, but disagreed with respect to whether A.R. has a marked limitation in the domain of health and physical well being. Dr. Searcy indicated that A.R. has a marked limitation in this domain, while Dr. Durham opined that her limitation is less than marked.
The domain of health and physical well being considers the cumulative effects of physical and mental impairments and any associated treatments or therapies on a child's functioning that were not considered in the evaluation of the child's ability to move about and manipulate objects. 20 CFR 416.926a(1). Unlike the other domains, this domain does not address typical development and functioning, but focuses instead on how recurrent illness, the side effects of medication, and the need for ongoing treatment affects the child's health and sense of well being. 20 CFR 416.929a(1).
In finding that A.R. has a less than marked limitation in this area, the ALJ noted that A.R. was diagnosed with CMT-II in November 2000, that she underwent surgery to correct a right foot deformity a month later, and that her treatment since that time has been very conservative. The ALJ also noted that A.R.'s asthma and allergic rhinitis have been well controlled with medications and did not entail any hospitalizations nor emergency room visits. (Tr. at 190). The ALJ further noted the absence of any evidence reflecting that any of A.R.'s medication caused persistent side effects. In addition, while A.R. reported frequent visits to the restroom, there is nothing in the medical records which reflect that she received any treatment for such, or that this affected any of her daily activities. Accordingly, the ALJ properly found that A.R.'s impairments do not functionally equal a Listing, and the record contains substantial evidence which supports the ALJ's findings and reveals that he carefully considered all the relevant evidence in finding that A.R. is not disabled.
For the reasons set forth, and upon careful consideration of the administrative record and memoranda of the parties, it is hereby
The attached sheet contains important information regarding objections to this Report and Recommendation.
A magistrate judge's recommendation cannot be appealed to a Court of Appeals; only the district judge's order or judgment can be appealed.
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