KRISTI K. DuBOSE, District Judge.
This matter is before the Court on Defendant's Motion for Summary Judgment (Doc. 32), Defendant's Brief in Support of Its Motion for Summary Judgment (Doc. 33), Plaintiff's Brief in Opposition to Defendant's Motion for Summary Judgment (Doc. 40), and Defendant's Reply Brief (Doc. 42). Upon consideration of these submissions, all evidentiary materials submitted, and the relevant law, the Court finds that Defendant's Motion for Summary Judgment is due to be
Plaintiff was hired by Defendant Guyoungtech to work on its production line on June 23, 2014, when she was approximately three months pregnant. (Doc. 35-1 at 3; Doc. 34-1 at 74). She was terminated on July 11, 2014. (Doc. 35-1 at 4; Doc. 34-1 at 90-91). On August 11, 2014, Plaintiff filed a complaint alleging sex-pregnancy discrimination with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, which issued a notice of a right to sue on July 10, 2015. (Doc. 1 at 1). Plaintiff filed her complaint in this action on October 8, 2015, asserting that Defendant terminated her employment on or about July 11, 2014 for a discriminatory reason, her pregnancy, in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq., as amended by the 1991 Civil Rights Act, 42 U.S.C. § 1201 et seq. Defendant filed its Motion for Summary Judgment based on the ground that Plaintiff has not submitted evidence that her termination was based on her pregnancy and, therefore, can not prevail on her Title VII claim. (Doc. 33).
"The court shall grant summary judgment if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law." Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). Rule 56(c) provides as follows:
Fed. R. Civ. P. Rule 56(c).
Defendant, as the party seeking summary judgment, bears the "initial responsibility of informing the district court of the basis for its motion, and identifying those portions of `the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any,' which it believes demonstrate the absence of a genuine issue of material fact." Clark v. Coats & Clark, Inc., 929 F.2d 604, 608 (11
The mere existence of a factual dispute will not automatically necessitate denial; rather, only factual disputes that are material preclude entry of summary judgment. Lofton v. Sec'y of Dep't of Children & Family Servs., 358 F.3d 804, 809 (11
The relevant facts, taken in the light most favorable to Plaintiff, show as follows:
Plaintiff was hired to work on the LFA line in the Assembly department at Defendant Guyoungtech, a company located in Castleberry, Alabama that manufactures and supplies automotive parts to Hyundai Motors Manufacturing Alabama ("HMMA"), on June 23, 2014. (Doc. 34-1 at 67-68, 74; 35-1 at 1, 3; Doc. 36-1 at 1, 3). Plaintiff was hired by Sophia Dukes, the Assistant Production Manager of the Assembly department. (Doc. 34-1 at 64-66; Doc. 35-1 at 3; Doc. 36-1 at 1). Plaintiff was pregnant at the time she was hired, but was not showing. (Doc. 34-1 at 74). On July 7, 2014, Plaintiff began working the night shift. (Doc. 34-1 at 71-72). Plaintiff worked in Left Front Assembly ("LFA") on a production line, putting parts onto a robot. (Doc. 34-1 at 66-67). Plaintiff was able to do her job and was a good worker who performed her duties correctly. (Doc. 34-1 at 89-90; Doc. 37-1 at 2).
Dukes had various Team Leaders who reported to her. (Doc. 35-1 at 3). At Guyoungtech, Team Leaders are hourly, non-management employees, and they do not have the authority to hire or fire employees. (Doc. 35-1 at 4; Doc. 36-1 at 3). The Team Leader of the night shift on the LFA line during the time Plaintiff worked at Guyoungtech was LeAnthony McCall, who was known as JJ. (Doc. 34-1 at 86-87; Doc. 35-1 at 4; Doc. 36-1 at 3; Doc. 37-1 at 2). McCall admitted to Plaintiff that he had heard she was pregnant, but she did not confirm or deny her pregnancy to him. (Doc. 34-1 at 99-100).
On July 11, 2014, Plaintiff reported to work for her regular night shift. (Doc. 34-1 at 90-91). Sometime after midnight, McCall handed her a termination slip. (Doc. 34-1 at 90-91). He did not say anything to her when he handed her the slip. (Doc. 34-1 at 91-92). The termination slip reflected that she was terminated on July 11, 2014 as part of a reduction in work force and was eligible for rehire. (Doc. 34-5). Dukes prepared and signed Plaintiff's termination paperwork, and she gave it to McCall to give to Plaintiff. (Doc. 36-1 at 5). According to Dukes, because of a reduction in the number of parts made by the Assembly department, she was advised that she was going to have to reduce employees in the UD line (the other line in the Assembly Department) by moving them to the LFA line. This necessitated a reduction of employees in the LFA line. (Doc. 36-1 at 4). Dukes stated in her Declaration that she selected Plaintiff because she was the last hire on the LFA line. (Doc. 36-1 at 4). Plaintiff never spoke to Dukes about her termination. (Doc. 34-1 at 92).
On the night she was terminated, Plaintiff was training a new employee, Anjovan Askew, on the LFA line. (Doc. 34-1 at 109). Askew was hired to work in the Assembly department at Guyoungtech on July 11, 2014. (Doc. 35-1 at 4; Doc. 35-8). Askew was a new hire, as opposed to a rehire. (Doc. 35-8). Askew commenced working at Guyoungtech on July 14, 2014. (Doc. 35-1 at 4). Askew worked on the LFA line in the Assembly department until September 11, 2014, when he was terminated by Dukes for three attendance violations while still on his 90-day probationary period. (Doc. 41-3 at 17).
The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 amended Title VII to make unlawful the act of discharging an employee "because of or on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions." 42 U.S.C. § 2000e(k). "[F]or all Title VII purposes, discrimination based on a woman's pregnancy is, on its face, discrimination because of her sex." Int'l Union, United Auto., Aerospace and Agr. Implement Workers of Am, UAW v. Johnson Controls, Inc., 499 U.S. 187, 199 (1991). Therefore, "[t]he analysis required for a pregnancy discrimination claim is the same type of analysis used in other Title VII sex discrimination suits." Armindo v. Padlocker, Inc., 209 F.3d 1319, 1320 (11
Plaintiff alleges a single motive for her termination, her pregnancy, and is relying upon circumstantial evidence to prove that she was intentionally terminated because she was pregnant. This being a single motive case, the McDonnell Douglas framework is applicable for evaluating her claim at the summary judgment stage. See Quigg v. Thomas Cnty. Sch. Dist., 814 F.3d 1227, 1237-38 (11
Considering the evidence in the light most favorable to Plaintiff, as district courts must do at the summary judgment stage, the Court finds that plaintiff has established a prima facie case. In response, Guyoungtech has articulated a legitimate non-discriminatory reason for terminating Plaintiff, a reduction in force. However, there is sufficient evidence to lead a reasonable jury to find that the reason was a pretext for an impermissible reason, her pregnancy. This conclusion is based on the fact that a jury could find Guyoungtech's reason suspect in light of the fact that Askew was actually the most recent hire, and he remained in the job but for his own misconduct.
For the reasons set forth above, it is