F I L E D
                                                                 United States Court of Appeals
                                                                         Tenth Circuit
                   UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                            SEP 25 2003
                               TENTH CIRCUIT
                                                                    PATRICK FISHER
                                                                               Clerk

 STEPHEN PAUL WALLACE,

             Plaintiff - Appellant,

 v.                                                     No. 02-5080
                                                  (D.C. No. 02-CV-417-H)
 PATRICIA HASTINGS; RONALD                           (N.D. Oklahoma)
 SAFFA; THE TRUST COMPANY OF
 OKLAHOMA; BANK ONE, N.A.; and
 BANK OF AMERICA, N.A.,

             Defendants - Appellees.


                          ORDER AND JUDGMENT *


Before TACHA, Chief Circuit Judge, McKAY and McCONNELL, Circuit
Judges.



      After examining the briefs and the appellate record, this panel has

determined unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the

determination of this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G).

The case is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.



      *
       This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the
doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. The court
generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order
and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.
        Mr. Wallace, proceeding pro se, filed a notice of removal attempting to

remove six guardianship/trust state cases to federal court. In his Notice of

Removal, Appellant referenced a bankruptcy proceeding apparently intending to

invoke 28 U.S.C. § 1452(a). In separate orders dated June 7, 2002, the district

court ordered each of the six cases remanded to the state court. In its orders, the

district court noted that “the notice of removal is infirm on its face” and it

improperly tries to join the six pending state cases into a single federal case.

Rec., Vol. I, Docs. 16-21, at 1. The court also noted “the history of wrongful

filings and abuse of process in this matter.” 

reasons, the court

found that “equity demands” all six cases to be remanded back to state court. 

        Mr. Wallace has appealed from the district court’s minute order remanding

all six cases to state court. Mr. Wallace has not identified any specific issues for

appellate review. On June 17, 2002, we ordered the parties to serve and file

jurisdictional memorandum briefs. We conclude that we lack jurisdiction over

this appeal.

        We will review the minute order in conjunction with the six substantive

orders of remand. Our review of the record reveals that the district court intended

to remand the cases based on equitable factors pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1452(b).

Section 1452(b) provides:


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      The court to which such claim or cause of action is removed may
      remand such claim or cause of action on any equitable ground. An
      order entered under this subsection remanding a claim or cause of
      action, or a decision to not remand, is not reviewable by appeal or
      otherwise by the court of appeals under section 158(d), 1291, or 1292
      of this title or by the Supreme Court of the United States under
      section 1254 of this title.

court also based its remands in part on procedural defects in the

notice of removal. Therefore, we are also precluded from exercising our

jurisdiction based on 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c). Section 1447(c) provides in pertinent

part that

      [a] motion to remand the case on the basis of any defect other than
      lack of subject matter jurisdiction must be made within 30 days after
      the filing of the notice of removal under section 1446(a). If at any
      time before final judgment it appears that the district court lacks
      subject matter jurisdiction, the case shall be remanded.

then states that “[a]n order remanding a case to the State

court from which it was removed is not reviewable on appeal or otherwise.” 

Court has held that § 1447(d) is a bar against appellate review

of any remand order based on defects in removal regardless of the statute or rule

forming the basis for removal. Things Remembered, Inc. v. Petrarca, 

, 129 (1995). The Court stated:

      If an order remands a bankruptcy case to state court because of a
      timely raised defect in removal procedure or lack of subject-matter
      jurisdiction, then a court of appeals lacks jurisdiction to review that
      order under § 1447(d) regardless of whether the case was removed

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      under § 1441(a) or § 1452(a). The remand at issue falls squarely
      within § 1447(d), and the order is not reviewable on appeal.

is DISMISSED for lack of jurisdiction. Appellant’s emergency

requests are DENIED.

                                             Entered for the Court


                                             Monroe G. McKay
                                             Circuit Judge




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