Filed: Nov. 30, 2010
Latest Update: Feb. 21, 2020
Summary: 09-4658-cv Nogbou v. Mayrose UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”).
Summary: 09-4658-cv Nogbou v. Mayrose UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT SUMMARY ORDER RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). ..
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09-4658-cv
Nogbou v. Mayrose
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY
ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL
RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT’S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING
A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE
FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”).
A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT
REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
1 At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the
2 Second Circuit, held at the Daniel Patrick Moynihan United States
3 Courthouse, 500 Pearl Street, in the City of New York, on the 30th
4 day of November, two thousand ten.
5
6 PRESENT: AMALYA L. KEARSE,
7 JOSEPH M. MCLAUGHLIN,
8 DEBRA ANN LIVINGSTON,
9 Circuit Judges.
10
11
12 RODOLPHE NOGBOU,
13 Plaintiff-Appellant,
14
15 -v.- No. 09-4658-cv
16
17 POLICE OFFICER MAYROSE, New York Police Department badge #6266,
18 POLICE OFFICER LORE, The New York Police Department badge #10037,
19 POLICE OFFICER RIGALOS, New York Police Department badge # 28450,
20 BELLEVUE HOSPITAL CENTER’S PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES,
21 Defendants-Appellees,
22
23
24 RODOLPHE NOGBOU, pro se, New York, NY.
25
26 DONA B. MORRIS, Assistant Corporation Counsel,
27 for Michael A. Cardozo, Corporation Counsel
28 for the City of New York, New York, NY, for
29 Defendants-Appellees.
30
31
32 Appeal from a judgment of the United States District Court for
33 the Southern District of New York (Sweet, J.).
1 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND
2 DECREED that the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.
3 Appellant Rodolphe Nogbou, pro se, appeals the district
4 court’s judgment granting the defendants’ motion for judgment on
5 the pleadings and dismissing his 42 U.S.C. § 1983 complaint. We
6 assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts, the
7 procedural history of the case, and the issues on appeal.
8 I. Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings
9 We review a judgment on the pleadings pursuant to Fed. R. Civ.
10 P. 12(c) de novo. See Hardy v. N.Y.C. Health & Hosps. Corp., 164
11 F.3d 789, 792 (2d Cir. 1999). The standard applicable to a motion
12 to dismiss pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6)
13 also applies to a Rule 12(c) motion for judgment on the pleadings.
14 Sheppard v. Beerman,
18 F.3d 147, 150 (2d Cir. 1994). Thus, “a
15 court must accept the allegations contained in the complaint as
16 true, and draw all reasonable inferences in favor of the
17 non-movant,” and deny the motion “unless it appears beyond doubt
18 that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his
19 claim which would entitle him to relief.”
Id. (internal quotation
20 marks omitted) (quoting Ad-Hoc Comm. of Baruch Black and Hispanic
21 Alumni Ass'n v. Bernard M. Baruch College,
835 F.2d 980, 982 (2d
22 Cir. 1987)).
23 Nogbou correctly argues that the district court erroneously
2
1 relied on his Bellevue Hospital psychiatric records in analyzing
2 his excessive force claim. Although these records were attached to
3 his complaint, Nogbou alleged that portions of the records were
4 fabricated, and the district court was required to accept that
5 allegation as true in deciding the Rule 12(c) motion. See
6 Sheppard, 18 F.3d at 150.
7 Nonetheless, we find that the district court's decision to
8 dismiss Nogbou’s excessive force claim was based primarily on its
9 conclusion that the force used by the Defendant Police Officers was
10 de mimimis, with no allegations by the Plaintiff of any injuries or
11 additional facts to establish that the use of force was
12 unreasonable, rather than on its citation to disputed portions of
13 Nogbou's psychiatric record. Because Nogbou has not challenged
14 this conclusion in his brief, we affirm the district court's
15 dismissal of his excessive force claim.
16 Moreover, while Plaintiff specifically challenges the district
17 court's description of his initial hospitalization, the description
18 provided, in which the officers told him he could not sleep on the
19 streets and handcuffed him when he refused to leave, is consistent
20 with the allegations in his complaint. Further, the district
21 court's dismissal of his involuntary hospitalization claim was not
22 based on this description. Rather, as the district court noted, due
23 process permits the involuntary hospitalization of an individual if
3
1 he is a danger to himself or others. See Anthony v. City of New
2 York, 339 F.3d 129, 137 (2d Cir. 2003). The district court
3 concluded from the plaintiff's allegations that probable cause
4 existed for the officers’ belief that he “posed a danger to himself
5 when they encountered him sleeping outside on a frigid night,”
6 Nogbou v. Mayrose, No. 07 Civ. 3763, slip op. at 12 (S.D.N.Y. Oct.
7 15, 2009), a conclusion that the plaintiff does not challenge on
8 appeal. As a result, we affirm the dismissal of this claim as
9 well.
10 Finally, we affirm the district court's dismissal of the
11 remainder of Nogbou's claims for substantially the same reasons
12 stated by the district court in its thorough and well reasoned
13 decision.
14 II. Leave to Amend
15 “Leave to amend should be freely granted, but the district
16 court has the discretion to deny leave if there is a good reason
17 for it, such as futility, bad faith, undue delay, or undue
18 prejudice to the opposing party.” Jin v. Metropolitan Life Ins.
19 Co.,
310 F.3d 84, 101 (2d Cir. 2002). We review the denial of
20 leave to amend a complaint for abuse of discretion.
Id.
21 Here, the district court properly determined that an amendment
22 would be futile on the ground that negligence and medical
23 malpractice claims are not actionable under § 1983. See, e.g.,
4
1 Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 105-06 (1976) (noting that mere
2 negligence in diagnosis or treatment is insufficient to state a
3 valid Eighth Amendment claim and emphasizing that “[m]edical
4 malpractice does not become a constitutional violation merely
5 because the victim is a prisoner”).
6 Arguably, the district court could have permitted Nogbou to
7 amend his complaint to assert an involuntary hospitalization or
8 forced medication claim against Health and Hospitals Corporation
9 and the relevant Bellevue Hospital staff members. However, such
10 claims would also have been futile. As mentioned above, the
11 plaintiff does not challenge the district court's conclusion that
12 his allegation that he was sleeping outside in February in
13 “freezing temperature[s]” created probable cause to believe that he
14 was a danger to himself. Thus, he has not established that the
15 district court abused its discretion in denying him leave to amend
16 his complaint.
17 We have considered Nogbou's other arguments on appeal and have
18 found them to be without merit. Accordingly, the judgment of the
19 district court is hereby AFFIRMED.
20
21 FOR THE COURT:
22 Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk
23
24
25
5
