UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.
Thomas Tourloukis ("Tourloukis") appeals from an amended judgment entered on March 21, 2013, in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York (Sandra L. Townes, Judge), convicting him, upon his plea of guilty, of being a felon in possession of a firearm, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g) and 924(a)(2), and imposing sentence. We assume the parties' familiarity with the facts and the record of prior proceedings, which we reference only as necessary to explain our decision.
As part of his plea agreement, Tourloukis agreed "not to file an appeal or otherwise challenge . . . the conviction or sentence in the event that the court imposes a term of imprisonment of 51 months or below." The district court sentenced Tourloukis to fifty months' imprisonment, three years of supervised release, and a $100 special assessment. As a condition of supervised release, the district court ordered that six months of that term be spent subject to conditions that required Tourloukis to remain in his residence from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. each day, to be enforced through electronic monitoring, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3563(b)(19).
"Waivers of the right to appeal a sentence are presumptively enforceable."
Tourloukis argues that his agreement not to appeal his sentence if the district court imposed a term of imprisonment of fifty-one months or below does not bar his present appeal because, by imposing six months of home confinement in addition to fifty months of imprisonment, the district court effectively imposed a term of imprisonment of fifty-six months. In support of this argument, Tourloukis notes that 18 U.S.C. §§ 3583(d) and 3563(b)(19) permit a district court to impose home confinement as a condition of supervised release "only as an alternative to incarceration." He relies on a number of cases from other courts of appeals
We need not decide whether each month of home confinement is equivalent for all purposes to exactly one month of imprisonment, because, construing the appeal waiver "narrowly" and "strictly against the Government,"
"We review all sentences using a deferential abuse-of-discretion standard."
Tourloukis argues that the imposition of a home confinement condition for six months, in addition to fifty months of imprisonment, violated the parsimony clause of § 3553(a), which instructs a court to impose a sentence that is "sufficient, but not greater than necessary" to comply with the purposes of sentencing. 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a). Tourloukis does not ask us to decide that the six additional months of home confinement made the sentence substantively unreasonable because it was not in fact necessary for any legitimate purpose of sentencing. Rather, he contends that the district court itself believed that fifty months' imprisonment was sufficient to satisfy the purposes of sentencing, but that it then proceeded to impose what is, in Tourloukis' view, an effective term of imprisonment of fifty-six months — a sentence that is, a fortiori, "greater than necessary" to serve the purposes of sentencing. Similarly, he attributes his sentence to the district court's purported unawareness of the fact that, under § 3563(b)(19), home confinement may be imposed "only as an alternative to incarceration."
Tourloukis has failed to demonstrate that the district court plainly erred. Contrary to Tourloukis's argument, the district court did not state that fifty months' imprisonment, without an additional period of home confinement, was sufficient to comply with the purposes of sentencing described in § 3553(a). Rather, the district judge, in addition to noting that she had originally considered imposing a sentence at the top of the recommended guideline range, expressly stated that she viewed "the sentence [she was] about to impose" — which included the term of imprisonment, the period of supervised release subject to certain conditions, and the special assessment — as sufficient to satisfy the goals of sentencing. Furthermore, Tourloukis offers no reason to believe that the district court was under the misimpression that it could impose the home confinement condition in any way other than "as an alternative to incarceration." 18 U.S.C. § 3563(b)(19). The statutory maximum term of imprisonment for Tourloukis's crime is ten years, 18 U.S.C. § 924(a)(2), and Tourloukis's Guidelines range was forty-six to fifty-seven months' imprisonment. Thus, nothing about Tourloukis's sentence suggests that the district court ignored the instruction that the home confinement condition of supervised release should be imposed "only as an alternative to incarceration." A sentence of fifty months in prison, plus six months of home confinement, is plainly a less restrictive alternative to the entirely lawful sentence of fifty-seven months of imprisonment that the district court had considered imposing.
For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.