Filed: Oct. 14, 2008
Latest Update: Feb. 12, 2020
Summary: UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT No. 08-4167 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff - Appellee, v. TONIA BEST MILNER, Defendant - Appellant. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina, at Raleigh. James C. Dever III, District Judge. (5:07-cr-00158-D-1) Submitted: September 30, 2008 Decided: October 14, 2008 Before WILKINSON, NIEMEYER, and TRAXLER, Circuit Judges. Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion. Thomas P. McNam
Summary: UNPUBLISHED UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT No. 08-4167 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff - Appellee, v. TONIA BEST MILNER, Defendant - Appellant. Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina, at Raleigh. James C. Dever III, District Judge. (5:07-cr-00158-D-1) Submitted: September 30, 2008 Decided: October 14, 2008 Before WILKINSON, NIEMEYER, and TRAXLER, Circuit Judges. Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion. Thomas P. McNama..
More
UNPUBLISHED
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT
No. 08-4167
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff - Appellee,
v.
TONIA BEST MILNER,
Defendant - Appellant.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern
District of North Carolina, at Raleigh. James C. Dever III,
District Judge. (5:07-cr-00158-D-1)
Submitted: September 30, 2008 Decided: October 14, 2008
Before WILKINSON, NIEMEYER, and TRAXLER, Circuit Judges.
Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.
Thomas P. McNamara, Federal Public Defender, G. Alan DuBois,
Assistant Federal Public Defender, Raleigh, North Carolina, for
Appellant. George E. B. Holding, United States Attorney, Anne M.
Hayes, Jennifer P. May-Parker, Assistant United States Attorneys,
Raleigh, North Carolina, for Appellee.
Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
PER CURIAM:
Tonia Best Milner pled guilty to two counts of bank
fraud, in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 1344, 2 (2000). The district
court calculated that Milner’s advisory Guidelines range was fifty-
one to sixty-three months of imprisonment, and varied upward from
that range to sentence her to seventy-two months’ imprisonment.
Milner appeals, alleging her sentence is procedurally and
substantively unreasonable.* For the reasons that follow, we
affirm.
After United States v. Booker,
543 U.S. 220 (2005), we
review a sentence to determine whether it is unreasonable, applying
a “deferential abuse-of-discretion standard.” Gall v. United
States,
128 S. Ct. 586, 591, 594 (2007). A district court must
engage in a multi-step process at sentencing. First, the
sentencing court must calculate the appropriate Guidelines range by
making any necessary factual findings.
Id. at 596. The court
should then afford the parties “an opportunity to argue for
whatever sentence they deem appropriate.”
Id. Next, it should
consider the resulting advisory sentencing range in conjunction
with the factors set out in 18 U.S.C.A. § 3553(a) (West 2000 &
Supp. 2008), and determine whether the § 3553(a) factors support
the sentence requested by either party.
Id.
*
Milner concedes on appeal that the district court properly
calculated her sentencing range under the Guidelines.
2
To determine whether a sentencing court abused its
discretion, we undertake a two-part analysis. United States v.
Pauley,
511 F.3d 468, 473 (4th Cir. 2007). First, we examine the
sentence for “significant procedural errors,” and second, we
evaluate the substance of the sentence.
Id. Significant
procedural errors include “‘failing to calculate (or improperly
calculating) the Guidelines range, treating the Guidelines as
mandatory, failing to consider the § 3553(a) factors, selecting a
sentence based on clearly erroneous facts, or failing to adequately
explain the chosen sentence . . . .’”
Id. (quoting Gall, 128 S.
Ct. at 597). “Substantive reasonableness review entails taking
into account the ‘totality of the circumstances, including the
extent of any variance from the Guidelines range.’”
Id. (quoting
Gall, 128 S. Ct. at 597).
While we may presume a sentence within the Guidelines
range to be reasonable, we may not presume a sentence outside the
range to be unreasonable.
Id. Moreover, we must afford deference
to the district court’s decision that the § 3553(a) factors support
imposing a variant sentence and to its determination as to the
extent of that variance.
Id. at 473-74. “Even if we would have
reached a different sentencing result on our own, this fact alone
is ‘insufficient to justify reversal of the district court.’”
Id.
at 474 (quoting Gall, 128 S. Ct. at 597).
3
Here, the district court followed the necessary steps in
sentencing Milner, first providing notice of its intent to vary
above the sentencing range applicable under the Guidelines. After
properly calculating the Guidelines range, hearing the parties’
arguments regarding sentencing, and taking into account the
§ 3553(a) factors, the district court concluded a within-Guidelines
sentence was insufficient to punish the serious and unique offense,
to deter similar crimes, or to promote respect for the law. In
concluding the offense conduct was unique, the district court cited
the duration of the underlying fraudulent scheme (almost eight
years), the scope of the offense, the number of transactions
involved (137 separate fraudulent transactions), the amount of
money stolen (more than $600,000), and the elaborate methods
employed to effectuate the fraud. Perhaps most significant,
though, was that, after defrauding her employer for almost a year,
Milner quit her job only to later return to resume the fraud, which
continued, unabated, for approximately six more years. With each
transaction, the district court noted, Milner had the opportunity
to reflect upon her actions and make a willful decision to continue
with her crime.
We find no abuse of discretion in the district court’s
decision to sentence Milner to seventy-two months’ imprisonment,
nine months longer than the high end of her Guidelines range.
Accordingly, we affirm the district court’s judgment. We dispense
4
with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are
adequately presented in the materials before the court and argument
would not aid the decisional process.
AFFIRMED
5