UNPUBLISHED

                       UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                           FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT


                                       No. 17-6038


UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

                    Plaintiff - Appellee,

             v.

RICKY LEE TYNDALL,

                    Defendant - Appellant.



Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, at
Norfolk. Rebecca Beach Smith, Senior District Judge. (2:10-cr-00200-RBS-DEM-1;
2:16-cv-00311-RBS)


Submitted: August 20, 2019                                        Decided: August 26, 2019


Before GREGORY, Chief, Judge, WILKINSON, Circuit Judge, and HAMILTON, Senior
Circuit Judge.


Dismissed by unpublished per curiam opinion.


Ricky Lee Tyndall, Appellant Pro Se.


Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
PER CURIAM:

       Ricky Lee Tyndall seeks to appeal the district court’s orders dismissing his 28

U.S.C. § 2255 (2012) motion and denying reconsideration. The orders are not appealable

unless a circuit justice or judge issues a certificate of appealability. See 28 U.S.C.

§ 2253(c)(1)(B) (2012). A certificate of appealability will not issue absent “a substantial

showing of the denial of a constitutional right.” 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2) (2012).

       When the district court denies relief on the merits, a movant satisfies this standard

by demonstrating that reasonable jurists would find that the district court’s assessment of

the constitutional claims is debatable or wrong. Slack v. McDaniel, 

, 484

(2000); see Miller-El v. Cockrell, 

, 336-38 (2003). When the district court

denies relief on procedural grounds, the movant must demonstrate both that the dispositive

procedural ruling is debatable, and that the motion states a debatable claim of the denial of

a constitutional right. 

.

       We have independently reviewed the record and conclude that Tyndall has not made

the required showing. In his § 2255 motion, Tyndall claimed his 18 U.S.C. § 924(c) (2012)

convictions should be vacated under Johnson v. United States, 

(2015). The

predicate offenses for his convictions were Hobbs Act robberies committed on September

29, 2010 and October 1, 2010. In light of United States v. Mathis, No. 16-4633, __ F.3d

__, 

, at *16 (4th Cir. July 31, 2019) (holding that “Hobbs Act robbery

constitutes a crime of violence under the force clause of Section 924(c)”), we conclude that

his § 2255 motion fails to state a debatable claim of the denial of a constitutional right.



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      Accordingly, we deny Tyndall’s motion for a certificate of appealability and dismiss

the appeal. We dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are

adequately presented in the materials before this court and argument would not aid the

decisional process.

                                                                             DISMISSED




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