Filed: Aug. 08, 2001
Latest Update: Mar. 02, 2020
Summary: IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT _ No. 00-41233 SUMMARY CALENDAR _ DON KRUEGER CONSTRUCTION CO., Plaintiff-Counter Defendant-Appellee, versus ALLIANCE STEEL, INC., Defendant-Counter Claimant-Appellant. _ Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Victoria Division No. V-98-CV-29 _ August 7, 2001 Before JOLLY, JONES, and BENAVIDES, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM*: Defendant Alliance Steel, Inc. (“Alliance”) appeals the district court’s
Summary: IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT _ No. 00-41233 SUMMARY CALENDAR _ DON KRUEGER CONSTRUCTION CO., Plaintiff-Counter Defendant-Appellee, versus ALLIANCE STEEL, INC., Defendant-Counter Claimant-Appellant. _ Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Victoria Division No. V-98-CV-29 _ August 7, 2001 Before JOLLY, JONES, and BENAVIDES, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM*: Defendant Alliance Steel, Inc. (“Alliance”) appeals the district court’s a..
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IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
_____________________
No. 00-41233
SUMMARY CALENDAR
_____________________
DON KRUEGER CONSTRUCTION CO.,
Plaintiff-Counter Defendant-Appellee,
versus
ALLIANCE STEEL, INC.,
Defendant-Counter Claimant-Appellant.
_________________________________________________________________
Appeal from the United States District Court for the
Southern District of Texas, Victoria Division
No. V-98-CV-29
_________________________________________________________________
August 7, 2001
Before JOLLY, JONES, and BENAVIDES, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM*:
Defendant Alliance Steel, Inc. (“Alliance”) appeals the
district court’s award of damages in this breach of contract case
involving Alliance’s agreement to supply a pre-engineered steel
building to Plaintiff Don Krueger Construction Company (“Krueger”).
Finding no error in the district court’s determination that Krueger
*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the court has determined that
this opinion should not be published and is not precedent except
under the limited circumstances set forth in 5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.
1
reasonably mitigated its damages when it accepted a higher bid
after Alliance repudiated the contract, we AFFIRM.
I
In January 1998 Krueger, bidding for a contract to construct
an elementary school, solicited bids from subcontractors to
construct and provide a steel building for use in construction of
the school. Alliance submitted a bid of $459,603; the next lowest
bid, submitted by Ceco Builders, was $959,724. Although Krueger
had never done business with Alliance, Krueger accepted its bid
because it was significantly lower than the other bids received.
At Alliance’s request, Krueger sent a letter to Alliance
confirming that Alliance had been awarded the contract. That
letter also stated that Alliance would be receiving a purchase
order for the building within two weeks that was to be signed and
returned to Krueger. No objections to this letter were made by
Alliance.
Soon after, Alliance sent a letter asking Krueger to sign
Alliance’s form contract to formalize the agreement in writing.
While industry custom provides that the general contractor supplies
the subcontractor with a purchase order containing the terms of the
agreement, Alliance apparently did not conduct business according
to this custom and preferred to utilize its own form contract.
Krueger examined Alliance’s form contract and discovered some
variances between provisions in that contract and the requirements
2
of Krueger’s contract with the school district.1
After a series of conversations and confrontations during
which Alliance refused to sign Krueger’s purchase order, Alliance
eventually repudiated the contract.2 Following the breach, Krueger
sought substitute bids for steel buildings in order for it to meet
the demands of its contract with the school district. Although
Krueger received a bid from Mart, Inc. to supply the building for
$491,184, Krueger eventually accepted the bid of Mid-West Steel
Building Company for $742,264. Krueger did not utilize Mart’s bid
because Mart was a vendor, not a manufacturer, and was planning to
buy a steel building from Alliance and supply it to Krueger.
Concerned about Alliance’s apparent refusal to accept the terms of
Krueger’s contract with the school district, Krueger did not accept
Mart’s bid.
Alliance argued before the district court that Krueger failed
to mitigate its damages by accepting the higher bid. The district
court ruled that Krueger properly mitigated its damages despite
accepting the higher bid because Mart’s reputation was unknown and
Mart was not going to manufacture the building itself, but rather
1
Specifically, Alliance provided warranties that were more
limited than those required by the school district, included
different choice of law provisions, and did not include liquidated
damages.
2
The formation of a contract between Krueger and Alliance is
undisputed, and Alliance does not appeal the district court’s
determination that Alliance repudiated the contract on March 6,
1998.
3
use Alliance’s building. The court found that, because Alliance
had already acknowledged its refusal to sign Krueger’s purchase
order without modifications, Krueger acted reasonably when it
refused to accept that bid.
II
Alliance appeals only the district court’s finding that
Krueger mitigated its damages. Alliance bears the burden of
showing that Krueger’s mitigation efforts were insufficient. See
Bank One, Texas, N.A. v. Taylor,
970 F.2d 16, 29 (5th Cir. 1992).
When evaluating the propriety of cover following a breach of
contract, a court should determine “whether at the time and place
the buyer acted in good faith and in a reasonable manner, and it is
immaterial that hindsight may later prove that the method of cover
used was not the cheapest or most effective.” Tex. Bus. & Com.
Code Ann. § 2.712, cmt. 2. The district court has written a
thorough opinion in this case, and we agree with the district
court’s conclusion that Krueger acted reasonably in its decision to
reject Mart’s bid. Krueger was unfamiliar with Mart’s reputation,
while Krueger had prior business dealings with Mid-West, whose bid
Krueger eventually accepted. Most importantly, Mart was not even
planning to manufacture the building; instead, it intended to
purchase Alliance’s building, mark up the price, and re-sell it to
Krueger. Knowing from prior dealings that Alliance had refused to
sign Krueger’s purchase order and had not agreed to some of the
4
requirements of the general contract between Krueger and the school
district, Krueger made a reasonable choice to pass on Mart’s bid.
Under these facts, Alliance has failed to satisfy its burden
of showing that Krueger’s mitigation efforts were deficient. The
district court’s award of damages is therefore
A F F I R M E D .
5