United States Court of Appeals
                            FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT
                                   ___________

                                   No. 03-3873
                                   ___________

United States of America,               *
                                        *
             Appellee,                  *
                                        * Appeal from the United States
      v.                                * District Court for the
                                        * Northern District of Iowa.
Jose Luis Padilla,                      *
                                        * [UNPUBLISHED]
             Appellant.                 *
                                   ___________

                             Submitted: November 4, 2004
                                Filed: May 24, 2005
                                 ___________

Before BYE, MELLOY, and COLLOTON, Circuit Judges.
                           ___________

PER CURIAM.

       Jose Luis Padilla pled guilty to conspiracy to distribute, and possession with
intent to distribute, more than 500 grams of a substance containing
methamphetamine. A presentence investigation report (“PSR”) prepared by the
United States Probation Office recommended a base offense level of 38, based on a
drug quantity of 22.68 kilograms of methamphetamine mixture, USSG § 2D1.1(c)(1),
and a two-level adjustment for Padilla’s role in the offense, based on his supervision
of two co-conspirators. USSG § 3B1.1(c). Over Padilla’s objection to the sufficiency
of the evidence on role in the offense, the district court1 adopted the recommendations
of the PSR, and Padilla was sentenced to 210 months’ imprisonment.

       Padilla does not challenge the district court’s guideline computations based on
sufficiency of the evidence, but he appeals the adjustment for role in the offense and
the finding of drug quantity on constitutional grounds. For the first time on appeal,
he cites Apprendi v. New Jersey, 

(2000), for the proposition that the
district court should not have relied on findings of drug quantity or role in the offense
because these matters were not proved beyond a reasonable doubt. He also moves for
new counsel. In a pro se supplemental brief, which he has tendered along with a
motion to file the brief, Padilla further argues that his sentence should be vacated in
light of Blakely v. Washington, 

(2004), because the drug quantity and
role adjustment were neither submitted to a jury nor admitted by him.

       In light of United States v. Booker, 

, 756 (2005), we agree with
Padilla that the district court’s application of mandatory sentencing guidelines,
combined with its findings concerning drug quantity and role in the offense, was
contrary to the Sixth Amendment as applied in Booker. Padilla did not raise a Sixth
Amendment objection in the district court, however, and we thus review his sentence
under the plain error standard. United States v. Pirani, No. 03-2871, slip op. at 11
(8th Cir. April 29, 2005) (en banc). We do not believe, based on the record as a
whole, that there is a “reasonable probability” that Padilla would have received a
more favorable sentence if the district court had applied the advisory guideline regime
announced in Booker. Although Padilla received a sentence at the low end of the
applicable guideline range, that alone is insufficient to demonstrate a reasonable
probability. See Pirani, No. 03-2871, slip op. at 12. We do not find an indication in
the record that the court was inclined to impose a shorter term of imprisonment or that


      1
       The Honorable Mark W. Bennett, Chief Judge of the United States District
Court for the Northern District of Iowa.

                                          -2-
a reduced sentence under the advisory guideline regime is reasonably probable under
the circumstances. “‘[W]here the effect of the error on the result in the district court
is uncertain or indeterminate – where we would have to speculate – the appellant has
not met his burden of showing a reasonable probability that the result would have
been different but for the error.’” 

(quoting United States v. Rodriguez, 

, 1301 (11th Cir. 2005)).

      Padilla’s motion to file a pro se brief is granted, and Padilla’s renewed motion
for appointment of different counsel is denied. The judgment of the district court is
affirmed.
                       ______________________________




                                          -3-