LOKEN, Circuit Judge.
Following a bench trial, Steven Morris was convicted of conspiracy to distribute 500 grams of methamphetamine and conspiracy to launder the proceeds of the criminal drug distribution. The presentence investigation report recommended a four-level increase because Morris was an organizer or leader of the criminal drug activity and a two-level increase because a pattern of criminal conduct was his livelihood. See U.S.S.G. §§ 3B1.1(a), 2D1.1(b)(15)(E). The district court
Adrienne Maar testified that she met Morris in December 2010 through her boyfriend, Caleb Velvick's brother Chris, who purchased methamphetamine from Morris at his home for personal use and resale. Initially, Maar waited in Chris's car, but after meeting Morris, she accompanied Chris into Morris's house. Chris purchased approximately one ounce of methamphetamine twice a week from Morris until January 2011, when he began to purchase two to three ounces. On a number of occasions, Morris had someone deliver methamphetamine to Chris at his apartment. If Chris had a problem with the
Two other witnesses, Samantha Worley and Craig Sontheimer, testified they accompanied other conspirators to Morris's house. Though neither entered the house nor met Morris, they understood they were there to buy drugs and used methamphetamine upon their return from Morris's house. Both identified Morris's house and recalled there was a school across the street from his house. The district court found these four witnesses credible.
Investigator J.D. Roberts testified that subpoenaed government records showed that Morris had no reported earnings nor IRS filings from 2009 to 2012. On cross examination, Roberts admitted that no member of law enforcement saw Morris with drugs or drug proceeds, no one participated in an undercover buy from Morris, and there was no surveillance evidence or intercepted conversations revealing illegal acts by Morris.
Morris argues the evidence was insufficient to convict him of conspiring to distribute 500 grams of methamphetamine because "this is the rare case where no reasonable person could believe the incriminating testimony" of the government's cooperating witnesses. United States v. Bradley, 643 F.3d 1121, 1125 (8th Cir.2011) (quotation omitted). Morris emphasizes that the government presented no evidence law enforcement ever observed or found drugs or drug proceeds on Morris or in his home, and that Investigator Roberts admitted another member of the conspiracy said in an interview that another man was dealing drugs using the alias "Stinky." Hendrix had previously testified that "Stinky" was Morris's nickname.
In reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence after a bench trial, we apply the same standard that we apply when reviewing a jury verdict. See United States v. Bowie, 618 F.3d 802, 812 (8th Cir.2010), cert. denied, ___ U.S. ___, 131 S.Ct. 954, 178 L.Ed.2d 787 (2011). "We review the sufficiency of the evidence ... in the light most favorable to the verdict, upholding the verdict if a reasonable factfinder could find the offense proved beyond a reasonable doubt, even if the evidence rationally supports two conflicting hypotheses." United States v. Huggans, 650 F.3d 1210, 1222 (8th Cir.2011) (quotations omitted), cert. denied, ___ U.S. ___, 132 S.Ct. 1583, 182 L.Ed.2d 172 (2012). "[W]e have repeatedly upheld jury verdicts based solely on the testimony of co-conspirators and cooperating witnesses." United States v. Coleman, 525 F.3d 665, 666 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 555 U.S. 958, 129 S.Ct. 430, 172 L.Ed.2d 311 (2008).
Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the verdict, the testimony of Hendrix and Maar was sufficient to prove that Morris was a knowing and willing member of a conspiracy to distribute more than 500 grams of methamphetamine. "Evidence of multiple sales of resale quantities of drugs is sufficient in and of itself to make a submissible case of a conspiracy to distribute." United States v. Peeler, 779 F.3d 773, 776 (8th Cir.2015) (quotation omitted). Hendrix and Maar provided firsthand knowledge of drug sales by Morris at his house, and other witnesses provided corroborating testimony. The district court explicitly found these witnesses credible. "[W]e will not disturb the district court's reasoned credibility determinations." Bowie, 618 F.3d at 814.
Here, the trial testimony established that, to facilitate distribution, Morris provided methamphetamine to dealers on credit ("fronted" the sales) and recruited others to deliver methamphetamine to dealer Chris Velvick at his apartment. These are facts evidencing an organizer or leader role in the conspiracy. See Thompson, 210 F.3d at 861. Adrienne Maar testified that if Velvick had a problem with the methamphetamine, he and the delivery person would call Morris — further evidence of his decision-making authority in the conspiracy. See United States v. Cooper, 767 F.3d 721, 733 (7th Cir.2014), cert. denied, ___ U.S. ___, 135 S.Ct. 1015, 190 L.Ed.2d 884 (2015). Testimony by the four cooperating witnesses established that Morris carefully controlled who was allowed in his house when drugs were sold, and that Michelle Hendrix had to establish a personal relationship with him before she could go to the house by herself, further evidence of his controlling role in the conspiracy. See Sherman, 262 F.3d at 793. The district court did not clearly err in finding that Morris was a leader or organizer of the conspiracy.
The judgment of the district court is affirmed.