ALKA SAGAR, Magistrate Judge.
On July 29, 2013, Plaintiff filed a Complaint seeking review of the Commissioner's denial of Plaintiff's application for supplemental security income ("SSI"). (Docket Entry No. 3). On August 22, 2013, the matter was transferred and referred to the current Magistrate Judge. (Docket Entry No. 12). The parties thereafter consented to proceed before a United States Magistrate Judge (Docket Entry Nos. 14-15). On December 9, 2013, Defendant filed an Answer and the Administrative Record ("A.R."). (Docket Entry Nos. 17-20). On January 8, 2014, Plaintiff filed a Memorandum of Points and Authorities in support of the Complaint (Docket Entry No. 20). On March 12, 2014, Defendant filed a Memorandum of Points and Authorities in support of the Answer (Docket Entry No. 24). On March 27, 2014, Plaintiff filed a Reply Memorandum (Docket Entry No. 25). The Court has taken this matter under submission without oral argument.
Plaintiff, a former restaurant and bar owner, asserts disability since January 28, 2010, based on alleged chronic arthritis in his neck, back, arms, and feet, depression, high blood pressure, a sleeping disorder and an eating disorder. (A.R. 22). The Administrative Law Judge ("ALJ") examined the record and held a hearing on February 21, 2012. (A.R. 34-67). Plaintiff, who was represented by counsel, testified by teleconference. (A.R. 36-58). The ALJ also heard testimony from a vocational expert (A.R. 59-66).
On February 29, 2012, The ALJ issued a decision denying Plaintiff's application for SSI. (A.R. 18-28). The ALJ made the following findings: (1) Plaintiff has the severe medically determinable impairments of cervical degenerative disc disease, depressive disorder, and alcohol abuse (A.R. 20); (2) Plaintiff's impairments do not meet or equal a listed impairment (A.R. 20-22); (3) Plaintiff retains the residual functional capacity to perform medium work, defined as follows: Plaintiff can "lift and carry 25 pounds frequently and 50 pounds occasionally, stand/walk for six hours and sit for six hours in an eight-hour day;" frequently climb ramps or stairs, balance, stoop, kneel, crouch, and crawl; occasionally climb ladders, ropes or scaffolds; and is "limited to simple, routine, and repetitive tasks, involving only simple work-related decisions with few, if any, work place changes" (A.R. 22); (4) Plaintiff lacks the residual functional capacity ("RFC") to perform his past relevant work (A.R. 26); and (5) Plaintiff is able to perform jobs that exist in significant numbers in the national economy, including the occupations of hand packager and janitor. (A.R. 27).
Accordingly, the ALJ found that Plaintiff was not disabled at any time from the alleged disability onset date of January 28, 2010, through February 29, 2012, the date of the decision. (
Plaintiff contends that the ALJ erred in (1) failing to articulate specific and legitimate reasons for rejecting his treating physician's opinion that he was disabled (Plaintiff's Mem 3-9); and (2) failing to articulate specific and legitimate reasons for rejecting the examining physician's opinion that he was capable of performing work at the light exertional level. (
This Court reviews the Commissioner's decision to determine if: (1) the Commissioner's findings are supported by substantial evidence; and (2) the Commissioner used proper legal standards. 42 U.S.C. § 405(g);
This Court "may not affirm [the Commissioner's] decision simply by isolating a specific quantum of supporting evidence, but must also consider evidence that detracts from [the Commissioner's] conclusion."
After consideration of the record as a whole, the Court finds that the Commissioner's findings are supported by substantial evidence and are free from material
"The Social Security Act defines disability as the `inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months.'"
At step one, the ALJ determines whether the claimant is engaged in substantial gainful employment activity.
If the ALJ concludes that a claimant lacks a medically severe impairment, the ALJ must find the claimant not disabled.
However, if the ALJ finds that a claimant's impairment is severe, then step three requires the ALJ to evaluate whether the claimant's impairment satisfies certain statutory requirements entitling him to a disability finding.
Once the RFC is determined, the ALJ proceeds to step four to assess whether the claimant is able to do any work that he or she has done in the past, defined as work performed in the last fifteen years prior to the disability onset date. If the ALJ finds that the claimant is not able to do the type of work that he or she has done in the past or does not have any past relevant work, the ALJ proceeds to step five to determine whether — taking into account the claimant's age, education, work experience and RFC — there is any other work that the claimant can do and if so, whether there are a significant number of such jobs in the national economy.
In evaluating medical opinions, the case law and regulations distinguish among the opinions of three types of physicians: (1) those who treat the claimant (treating physicians); (2) those who examine but do not treat the claimant (examining physicians); and (3) those who neither examine nor treat the claimant (nonexamining or reviewing physicians).
On December 22, 2009, Plaintiff's treating physician, Bradley Hope, opined that Plaintiff was unable to work due to neck pains, noting that Plaintiff continued to experience neck pain and pain with range of motion. (A.R. 245). X-rays of Plaintiff's cervical spine revealed mild "C5-C6 spurring consistent with spondylosis, but no mineralization, fracture, or vertebral wedge deformities, no spondylolisthesis and no soft tissue swelling. (A.R. 245-47). On January 28, 2010, Dr. Hope opined that Plaintiff was unable to work due to neck pains and noted that Plaintiff had left arm pain due to a fracture (A.R. 243). On February 24, 2011, Dr. Hope again concluded that Plaintiff was unable to work, part time or full time, due to severe neck arthritis. (A.R. 306). On August 18, 2011, Dr. Hope noted that Plaintiff had driven four hours to see him and that he had been involved in a hit and run accident one week prior for which he had received emergency treatment and had tripped and fallen while gardening two days prior to the visit. (A.R. 312). Dr. Hope saw Plaintiff on September 23, 2011 and continued to believe that Plaintiff was unable to work, noting that Plaintiff had been in jail due to a DUI conviction but resumed drinking upon his release, and had suffered a right wrist deformity due to a fracture after he was injured in a motorcycle accident on August 7, 2011. (A.R. 318). X-rays revealed moderately severe degenerative disc and facet joint changes but no evidence of acute cervical spine, or head, wrist, or pelvis fracture. (A.R. 324-327).
On November 15, 2011, Dr. Hope completed a "medical source statement of ability to do work related activities (physical)" in which he checked off boxes indicating that Plaintiff could "never" lift or carry anything up to or greater than 10 pounds, Plaintiff could not sit for more than fifteen minutes, stand for more than six minutes and walk for more than fifteen minutes at any one time without interruption, and that during an eight-hour day, Plaintiff could only sit for two hours, stand for three hours, and walk for thirty minutes. (A.R. 349-50). Dr. Hope also indicated that Plaintiff required the use of a cane to ambulate, the use of the cane was medically necessary but that Plaintiff could walk one mile without the use of a cane. (A.R. 350). Dr. Hope's assessment was based on the following: "Plaintiff has severe neck arthritis," "severe bilateral wrist sprains," "severe left knee [and] right [first] toe pains," and pain walking, sitting, and using arms and neck. (A.R. 350). Dr. Hope also found that Plaintiff could not reach in any direction with either hand and could never use his right lower extremity to operate foot controls, but could operate a motor vehicle up to one-third of the workday. (A.R. 351-53).
With respect to Dr. Hope's opinions, the ALJ stated the following:
(A.R. 24)
Plaintiff contends that the ALJ failed to provide specific and legitimate reasons for rejecting Dr. Hope's opinion, by failing to state why Dr. Hope's opinion regarding Plaintiff's disability was inconsistent with his clinical findings. (Plaintiff's Mem. 6). In particular, Plaintiff claims that the ALJ erred in (1) finding that Plaintiff's ability to drive four hours to see Dr. Hope was inconsistent with Dr. Hope's opinion that Plaintiff could not sit for more than fifteen minutes at one time (
Plaintiff's reliance on
Plaintiff cites
Plaintiff also claims that the ALJ erred in stating that "the possibility always exists that a doctor may express an opinion in an effort to assist a patient with whom he or she sympathizes." (Plaintiff's Mem. 8; A.R. 24). However, the ALJ followed this observation with the statement that "[w]hile it is difficult to confirm the presence of such motives, they are more likely in situations where the opinion in question departs substantially from the rest of the evidence of record, as in the current case. I am not persuaded by Dr. Hope's opinions about the claimant's capabilities when considered along with the other evidence of record." (A.R. 24-25). Thus, the ALJ recognized that even if such motives exist, they are difficult to confirm and therefore did not base his decision on this factor. As set forth above, the ALJ provided valid, specific and legitimate reasons for rejecting Dr. Hope's opinion. Therefore, any error in making this statement is harmless because it would not change the outcome of the case.
Dr. Song, a state agency doctor, examined Plaintiff on September 25, 2010. (A.R. 252). Plaintiff reported that his many bone fractures have prevented him from being able to ride a motorcycle, drive a car, and turn his head, and Dr. Song noted that Plaintiff was wearing a bandage on his right lower leg, a knee brace on his left leg and a right wrist brace. (
On October 19, 2010, state agency medical consultant, Dr. Richard Betcher, reviewed Dr. Song's clinical findings and opinion regarding Plaintiff's residual functional capacity and concluded that, based on Dr. Song's objective findings, Plaintiff could stand and walk for at least six hours in an eight-hour day and did not require the use of a cane. (A.R. 283). Dr. Betcher also questioned Plaintiff alleged homelessness, noting that Plaintiff could afford expensive doctor's prescriptions including Viagra and was able to shop and cook. Accordingly, Dr. Betcher opined that Plaintiff was capable of medium exertion. On February 2, 2011, another state agency medical consultant, Dr. Roger Fast, concurred with Dr. Betcher's opinion after reviewing Dr. Song's clinical findings and opinion. (A.R. 299). Dr. Fast concluded that Plaintiff's allegations regarding the severity of his symptoms were only partially credible.
With respect to Dr. Song's opinions, the ALJ stated the following:
(A.R. 25).
Plaintiff contends that the ALJ failed to provide specific and legitimate reasons for rejecting Dr. Song's opinion that Plaintiff was only capable of light exertion, and erred in giving greater weight to the opinions of the non-examining physicians who concluded that Plaintiff was capable of performing work at the medium exertion level. (Plaintiff's Mem. 9-10). In particular, Plaintiff challenges the ALJ's consideration of Dr. Song's findings that Plaintiff exhibited "normal gait, normal range of motion, intact strength, intact reflexes and no evidence of muscle atrophy" and the ALJ's observation that Plaintiff lived a fairly active life style. (
The ALJ noted that Dr. Song's assessment was inconsistent with her own physical examination findings and plaintiff's statements, and that despite these inconsistencies, Dr. Song found the information Plaintiff provided regarding his symptoms to be "fairly reliable." (A.R. 252-53). For example, Plaintiff claimed to have fractured his right leg but did not receive any medical treatment for this injury and Dr. Song's physical examination revealed no tenderness upon palpation. In addition, although Plaintiff brought a cane with him, Dr. Song noted that Plaintiff was able to ambulate without the cane and could bear weight on both legs. (A.R. 25, 253-53). The ALJ found Dr. Song's opinion with respect to the severity and limiting effects of Plaintiff's symptoms to be based on Plaintiff's subjective statements which the ALJ discounted.
The ALJ found that Dr. Song's physical examination findings of "normal gait, normal range of motion, intact strength, intact reflexes, and no evidence of atrophy," (A.R. 25, 254-55) and negative straight leg test (A.R. 25, 254) were inconsistent with her opinion that Plaintiff was only capable of work at the light exertional level. (A.R. 25, 255-56).
The ALJ properly considered Plaintiff's reported daily activities in discounting Dr. Song's opinion that Plaintiff was only capable of light exertional work, noting that Plaintiff lives a difficult but active life style. (A.R. 25). Plaintiff admitted to drinking a few beers a day, and was able to shop, cook, and take care of his personal hygiene when facilities were available, and testified that he was able to drive long distances and that his daily activities included "looking through garbage dumpsters." (A.R. 25-26, 52). The ALJ properly found these daily activities to be inconsistent with an RFC that was limited to light exertional work. (A.R. 25).
Finally, the ALJ was also entitled to give greater weight to the opinions of the reviewing doctors who both opined, after reviewing the record, that Plaintiff was capable of medium exertion work with limitations because their findings were more consistent with the record. "The opinions of non-treating or non-examining physicians may also serve as substantial evidence when the opinions are consistent with independent and clinical findings or other evidence in the record."
The Court finds that the ALJ stated specific, legitimate reasons for discrediting Dr. Hope's opinion regarding Plaintiff's disability and Dr. Song's opinion about the limiting effects of Plaintiff's symptoms.
For all of the foregoing reasons, the decision of the Administrative Law Judge is affirmed.
LET JUDGMENT BE ENTERED ACCORDINGLY.