HIGGINBOTHAM, J.
The issues presented by these consolidated matters are whether the trial court erred when it (1) awarded the employer reimbursement for paid workers' compensation and medical benefits that included an award for the injured employee's property damages, and (2) failed to award the injured employee reasonable attorney fees. For the following reasons, we affirm in part and reverse in part, and remand the matter to the trial court for further proceedings.
The underlying facts are undisputed. On January 15, 2010, Patricia Mayfield was operating her school bus within the course and scope of her employment for the St. Tammany Parish School Board ("School Board") when she was injured in an accident caused by William Bullinger. As a result of the accident, Mayfield underwent continuous medical treatment for two years that included two shoulder surgeries and required her to miss work, before she was able to return to work on January 12, 2010. In addition to Mayfield's medical expenses and lost wages, the damage to Mayfield's school bus rendered it a total loss, amounting to a property damage claim of $33,000.00.
As Mayfield's employer, the School Board paid workers' compensation benefits to and on behalf of Mayfield, including medical expenses pursuant to a medical fee schedule equaling $106,021.55, and indemnity benefits in the amount of $36,343.17. On January 11, 2011, the School Board filed a petition for damages against Bullinger and his insurer, Allstate Insurance Company, asserting a claim for reimbursement of the workers' compensation payments made to or on behalf of Mayfield.
At the time of the accident, Bullinger had in effect a single limits liability policy through Allstate, with liability coverage in the amount of $50,000.00. On October 18, 2011, Allstate and Bullinger deposited $53,473.97 into an interest bearing account in the registry of the court. The deposited sum represented Allstate's entire liability policy limit of $50,000.00, plus accumulated interest as of the date of the deposit. The School Board and Mayfield filed cross-motions for summary judgment, each seeking an award of all monies deposited in the registry of the court, with Mayfield also seeking attorney fees and costs. Finding that summary judgment was procedurally improper, the trial court denied the summary judgments, and a bench trial on the merits was held on December 4, 2013.
The trial court took the matter under advisement and rendered a final judgment in favor of Mayfield and the School Board on March 24, 2014. The trial court awarded Mayfield $150,000.00 for general damages, $18,171.85 for lost wages, $39,123.21 for past medical expenses, and $33,000.00 for property damage. The trial court awarded the School Board reimbursement for paid workers' compensation indemnity benefits in the amount of $36,343.71, and medical benefits in the amount of
When an employer pays compensation to its employee who has been injured by the wrongful act of a third party, the employer and the employee become co-owners of a property right to recover damages from the third party. Moody v. Arabie, 498 So.2d 1081, 1085 (La.1986).
Initially, we note that the issues before us involve statutory interpretation, which is a question of law. Appellate courts review a trial court's conclusion regarding a question of law by determining whether the conclusion is legally correct. Forum for Equality PAC v. McKeithen, 2004-2477 (La.1/19/05), 893 So.2d 715, 723. If the conclusions are found to be incorrect, the flawed legal conclusions must be reviewed de novo. Id. Accordingly, our standard of review as to the proper interpretation of a statute is de novo, without deference to the legal conclusions of the trial court. See Cleco Evangeline, LLC v. Louisiana Tax Com'n, 2001-2162 (La.4/3/02), 813 So.2d 351, 353.
The fundamental question in all cases of statutory interpretation is legislative intent. SWAT 24 Shreveport Bossier, Inc. v. Bond, 2000-1695 (La.6/29/01), 808 So.2d 294, 302. The meaning and intent of a law is determined by considering the law in its entirety and all other laws on the same subject matter and by placing a construction on the law that is consistent with the express terms of the law and with the obvious intent of the legislature in enacting the law. Id. Further, it is presumed that every word, sentence, or provision in a law was intended to serve some useful purpose, that some effect is to be given to each such provision, and that no unnecessary words or provisions were employed. Sultana Corp. v. Jewelers Mut. Ins. Co., 2003-0360 (La.12/3/03), 860 So.2d 1112, 1119.
In addition to judicial principles guiding our determination of legislative intent, the legislature has enacted rules for the construction of statutes. City of DeQuincy, 62 So.3d at 46. "Words and phrases shall be read with their context and shall be construed according to the common and approved usage of the language. Technical words and phrases ... shall be construed and understood according to such peculiar and appropriate meaning." La. R.S. 1:3. The interpretation of a statute begins with the language of the statute itself. Denham Springs Economic Development Dist. v. All Taxpayers, Property Owners, 2004-1674 (La.2/4/05), 894 So.2d 325, 330. Louisiana Civil Code article 9 instructs that
With these rules in mind, we consider the pertinent statute at issue. Louisiana Revised Statutes 23:1103 provides, in pertinent part:
It is our opinion that La. R.S. 23:1103 unambiguously and unmistakably provides that wherever an injured employee who is entitled to workers' compensation also seeks recovery against the third-party tortfeasor, the employer may seek recovery against the third-party tortfeasor as well, and the employer is entitled to recover each dollar it paid in workers' compensation benefits prior to the injured employee recovering from the third-party tortfeasor or his insurer.
Additionally, contrary to Mayfield's argument, the statutory language in La. R.S. 23:1103(B) clearly evidences the intent of the legislature to require that employers receive a credit for the entire amount of the judgment up to the amount the employer actually paid to or on behalf of the employee, "without regard to how the damages have been itemized or classified by the judge." See La. R.S. 23:1103(B). See also City of DeQuincy, 62 So.3d at 51. Therefore, regardless of whether the judgment includes awards for damages other than medical expenses and lost wages — such as property damages — the employer's claim takes precedence over that of the employee, such that the employer is entitled to receive credit from the first dollar of the judgment no matter how the damages are classified in the judgment. The statute does not limit the employer's first dollar of recovery as Mayfield suggests to that which is paid after the injured employee is paid for property damage.
The amount of the workers' compensation medical and indemnity benefits paid by the School Board to Mayfield in this case greatly exceeds the amount deposited in the registry of the court by the third-party tortfeasor. Thus, the School Board is entitled to the entirety of the deposited proceeds as a matter of law. Accordingly, we find no merit to Mayfield's assertion that the School Board can only recover its proceeds after Mayfield recovers her property damages. The law is clear that the School Board is entitled to all of the proceeds as awarded by the trial court. That portion of the trial court judgment is affirmed.
However, we agree with Mayfield's assertion that she is potentially entitled to recover reasonable attorney fees. The trial court's judgment is silent as to the question of Mayfield's claim for attorney fees. When a judgment is silent regarding a request for attorney fees, it must be construed as a denial of that request. Gibson & Associates, Inc. v. State, Dept. of Transp. & Development, 2010-1696 (La.App. 1st Cir.5/18/11), 68 So.3d 1128, 1141. Nevertheless, reasonable attorney fees are generally owed when a suit filed by the employer is consolidated with the suit filed by the employee. See City of Baton Rouge v. Goudeau, 2000-2440 (La.App. 1st Cir.12/28/01), 803 So.2d 1130, 1133-34. See also La. R.S. 23:1103(C)(1).
We find no merit to the School Board's argument that attorney fees are not applicable in this suit because it filed
When an injured employee prosecutes a case to judgment, she will be owed costs and attorney fees pursuant to La. R.S. 23:1103(C)(1), capped at a combined ratio of one-third. These fees are commonly referred to as "Moody fees." In Moody, the Supreme Court held that as co-owners of a cause of action against the third-party tortfeasor, the employer and the injured employee are each obligated to contribute proportionately to the maintenance and conservation of the right to recover damages from the third-party tortfeasor. Moody, 498 So.2d at 1085. The principle of co-ownership or true alignment of the parties against a common third-party tortfeasor is essential to a Moody fee claim. That is the situation in this case; therefore, Mayfield is correct that she is potentially entitled to recover attorney fees in this case and the trial court erred in denying that claim.
However, an injured employee seeking to recover attorney fees must introduce evidence sufficient to enable the trial court to make a proper apportionment. See Rivet v. LeBlanc, 600 So.2d 1358, 1363 (La.App. 1st Cir.), writ denied, 605 So.2d 1115 (La.1992). The injured employee may introduce this evidence at the trial on the merits or at a post-judgment hearing on the issue. See Id. See also Thomas v. Hartford Ins. Co., 540 So.2d 1068, 1081 (La.App. 1st Cir.), writ denied, 542 So.2d 516 (La.1989), overruled on other grounds, Cosse v. Allen-Bradley Co., 625 So.2d 486, 488-89 (La.1993).
The record before us does not contain evidence of any detail of the services of either the School Board's or Mayfield's counsels' legal work, except for two attachments to Mayfield's cross-motion for summary judgment consisting of Mayfield's attorney/client contract and a statement from Mayfield's attorney outlining some expenses that had been incurred. The attorney fees awarded in this case "must relate to necessary services which actually benefitted or augmented recovery" from the third-party tortfeasor. See Moody, 498 So.2d at 1086. Additionally, in determining what constitutes a "reasonable" attorney fee, the court in Moody stated that courts must follow the guidelines of the Code of Professional Responsibility. Id. Further, the plain language of La. R.S. 23:1103(C)(1) mandates that attorney fees "shall" be determined by the trial court "based on the proportionate services of the attorneys which benefitted or augmented the recovery from the third party." Since the record lacks the evidence necessary to calculate attorney fees, we must remand this case to the trial court for a post-judgment hearing on the appropriate and reasonable amount of attorney fees that are owed, if any.
For the outlined reasons, the trial court's judgment is affirmed in part and reversed in part. The matter is remanded to the trial court for further proceedings in accordance with the views expressed herein. The costs of this appeal in the amount of $1,442.99 are equally assessed to Patricia Mayfield and the St. Tammany Parish School Board.
McCLENDON, J., concurs and assigns reasons.
McCLENDON, J., concurs.
I agree that a remand is necessary to determine whether attorney fees are appropriate under Moody v. Arabie, 498 So.2d 1081 (La.1986). An award is appropriate if the underlying claimed fees by Mayfield's counsel benefitted or augmented the common right of recovery from the third party. City of Baton Rouge v. Goudeau, 00-2440 (La.App. 1 Cir. 12/28/01), 803 So.2d 1130, 1134. However, such an award is not appropriate if the work was merely duplicative or beneficial to only one party such as the mere monitoring of proceedings. City of Baton Rouge, 803 So.2d at 1134 (citing Moody, 498 So.2d at 1086-87). We are unable to make this determination on the record before us.