ALLISON CLAIRE, Magistrate Judge.
Pending before the court is plaintiff's July 21, 2014, motion for default judgment against defendant Sahota Truck Plaza, located at 7891 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, California 95823. ECF No. 9 at 2. The court has determined that the matter shall be submitted upon the record and briefs on file and accordingly, the date for hearing of this matter shall be vacated. E.D. Cal. R. 78-230(g). Upon review of the docket, the motion for default judgment and all attached exhibits, THE COURT FINDS AS FOLLOWS:
Plaintiff initiated this action on May 9, 2014 alleging violations of the Americans with Disabilities Act ("ADA"), 42 U.S.C. §§ 12101, et seq., the California Unruh Civil Rights Act, the California Disabled Persons Act, Cal. Civ. § 54-54.8, and negligence. A certificate of service filed May 20, 2014, demonstrates that the summons and complaint were served on this defendant on May 14, 2014 by personal service to Jasreet K. Sahota, the designated agent for service of process at 9544 Wadena Way, Elk Grove, California 95758. ECF No. 4 at 1.
It is within the sound discretion of the district court to grant or deny an application for default judgment.
As a general rule, once default is entered, the factual allegations of the complaint are taken as true, except for those allegations relating to damages.
Title III of the ADA provides that "[n]o individual shall be discriminated against on the basis of disability in the full and equal enjoyment of the goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, or accommodations of any place of public accommodation by any person who owns, leases (or leases to), or operates a place of public accommodation." 42 U.S.C. § 12182(a). Discrimination includes "a failure to remove architectural barriers . . . in existing facilities . . . where such removal is readily achievable."
"To prevail on a Title III discrimination claim, the plaintiff must show that (1) [he] is disabled within the meaning of the ADA; (2) the defendant is a private entity that owns, leases, or operates a place of public accommodation; and (3) the plaintiff was denied public accommodations by the defendant because of her disability."
Here, plaintiff alleges (1) that he is disabled, Compl. ¶ 1; (2) that defendant Sahota Truck Plaza is a place of public accommodation, id. ¶ 7; (3) that plaintiff was denied access to defendant's business because of plaintiff's disability, id. ¶ 20; and (4) that defendant's business has a number of architectural barriers (lack of correct number and type of properly configured disabled parking space(s) including a space with an access aisle, accessible route, accessible entrance, accessible path of travel inside the business, and accessible restrooms), id. ¶ 9-19. Plaintiff argues that whether the removal of these barriers is readily achievable is an affirmative defense that is waived if not raised. ECF No. 9 at 6-7 (citing
Because plaintiff's allegations are taken as true on default, the court finds that plaintiff has made out a prima facie Title III discrimination claim. Additionally, the court finds that the majority of the
The Unruh Civil Rights Act provides: "All persons within the jurisdiction of this state are free and equal, and no matter what their sex, race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, disability, medical condition, marital status, or sexual orientation are entitled to the full and equal accommodations, advantages, facilities, privileges, or services in all business establishments of every kind whatsoever." Cal. Civ. Code § 51(b). To prevail on his disability discrimination claim under the Unruh Civil Rights Act, plaintiff must establish that (1) defendant denied plaintiff the full and equal accommodations, advantages, facilities, privileges, or services; (2) a motivating reason for defendant's conduct was plaintiff's disability, (3) plaintiff was harmed; and (4) defendant's wrongful conduct was a substantial factor in causing plaintiff's injury. California Civil Jury Instructions (CACI), No. 3020. A plaintiff who establishes a violation of the ADA need not prove intentional discrimination under the Unruh Act.
Here, because plaintiff's complaint properly sets out the necessary elements for his ADA claim, plaintiff has also properly set out the necessary elements for his Unruh Civil Rights Act claim. Therefore, and because there are no policy considerations which preclude the entry of default judgment on this claim,
The Unruh Civil Rights Act provides for a minimum statutory damage amount of $4,000 per violation, and "any attorney's fees that may be determined by the court in addition thereto." Cal. Civ. Code § 52(a). Plaintiff's motion seeks a damages award in the amount of $20,000 for violation of the Unruh Civil Rights Act. ECF No. 9 at 7. The Complaint, however, does not specify on how many occasions or on what dates plaintiff visited defendant's business. Nor does the complaint contain any details regarding multiple discrete visits. It merely alleges "several" visits to the defendant's business location in 2013 and 2014. Compl. ¶ 20. "[N]ecessary facts not contained in the pleadings . . . are not established by default."
Plaintiff also requests $2,735 in attorney's fees and costs under Title III of the ADA and the Unruh Civil Rights Act. ECF No. 9 at 7. Attorney's fee awards are calculated using the lodestar method whereby the hours reasonably spent in the litigation are multiplied by a reasonable hourly rate.
Based on the foregoing, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that the September 3, 2014, hearing on plaintiff's motion for default judgment is vacated; and
IT IS HEREBY RECOMMENDED that:
1. Plaintiff's motion for default judgment on plaintiff's ADA claim and Unruh Civil Rights Act claim be granted;
2. Plaintiff be awarded statutory damages in the amount of $4,000 and attorney's fees and costs in the amount of $1,790; and
3. Plaintiff be granted an injunction requiring defendant to provide the correct number and type of properly configured disabled parking space(s) including a one with an access space, an accessible entrance landing, an accessible entrance, accessible travel inside the business, and accessible restrooms in accordance with the ADA and the ADAAG.
These findings and recommendations are submitted to the United States District Judge assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). Within fourteen days after being served with these findings and recommendations, any party may file written objections with the court and serve a copy on all parties. Such a document should be captioned "Objections to Magistrate Judge's Findings and Recommendations." Failure to file objections within the specified time may waive the right to appeal the District Court's order.