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Jackson v. Regents of the University of California, 2:15-cv-02595-MCE-EFB. (2017)

Court: District Court, E.D. California Number: infdco20170324c90 Visitors: 4
Filed: Mar. 22, 2017
Latest Update: Mar. 22, 2017
Summary: MEMORANDUM AND ORDER MORRISON C. ENGLAND, Jr. , District Judge . Through this action, Plaintiff Laquisha Jackson seeks relief from Defendant Regents of the University of California ("the University") on behalf of herself and her son, arising from the termination of her employment. Specifically, Jackson alleges that the University improperly fired her as a result of taking intermittent leave to care for her autistic son. In their Complaint, ECF No. 2, Plaintiffs set out nine causes of action
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MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

Through this action, Plaintiff Laquisha Jackson seeks relief from Defendant Regents of the University of California ("the University") on behalf of herself and her son, arising from the termination of her employment. Specifically, Jackson alleges that the University improperly fired her as a result of taking intermittent leave to care for her autistic son. In their Complaint, ECF No. 2, Plaintiffs set out nine causes of action based on the Family Medical Leave Act ("FMLA"), 29 U.S.C. §§ 2601-2654; the Americans with Disability Act ("ADA"), 42 U.S.C. §§ 12101-12213; unlawful racial discrimination under 42 U.S.C. § 1981; California's Fair Employment Housing Act ("FEHA"), Cal. Gov't Code §§ 12900-12996; and state tort law.

Presently before the Court is Plaintiffs' Amended Motion for Leave to Amend the Complaint, ECF No. 12, in which Plaintiffs seek to add additional claims under FEHA. For the reasons set forth below, Plaintiffs' motion is DENIED.1

BACKGROUND2

Jackson worked as a senior custodian at the University of California Davis Medical Center ("UCDMC") from 2003 until her termination in 2015. Jackson's son, A.W., was diagnosed in 2005 with autism and developmental disabilities. A.W. is 14 years old, but his cognition is estimated to be that of a five-year old. A.W. is prone to violent tantrums and episodes of emotional distress, which require Jackson's immediate presence to calm him down. Several times during her employment at UCDMC, she applied for leave under the FMLA to care for her son. Jackson also attempted to join a different career track at UCDMC that would provide her more flexibility to care for her son.

Twice in 2014, Jackson's applications for leave under the FMLA were rejected. Plaintiffs allege that these rejections were improper for various reasons. In February 2015, UCDMC initiated the process of firing Jackson due to poor attendance and ultimately terminated her. In response, Plaintiffs filed this lawsuit on December 11, 2015. On April 1, 2016, Defendant filed an Answer, ECF No. 7, and the Court entered an Initial Pretrial Scheduling Order on May 3, 2016, ECF No. 9. About seven and a half months later, Plaintiffs made the instant motion, seeking leave to add to their complaint three additional causes of action under FEHA based on discrimination Jackson allegedly suffered because of her association with a disabled person.

STANDARD

Generally, a motion to amend is subject to Rule 15(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure,3 which provides that "[t]he court should freely give leave [to amend] when justice so requires." Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a)(2). However, "[o]nce the district court ha[s] filed a pretrial scheduling order pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 16[,] which establishe[s] a timetable for amending pleadings[,] that rule's standards control[]." Johnson v. Mammoth Recreations, Inc., 975 F.2d 604, 607-08 (9th Cir. 1992); see also In re W. States Wholesale Nat. Gas Antitrust Litig., 715 F.3d 716, 737 (9th Cir. 2013) (relying on Johnson for the same principle).

Rule 16(b) requires a party seeking leave to amend to demonstrate "good cause." Fed. R. Civ. P. 16(b). "Rule 16(b)'s `good cause' standard primarily considers the diligence of the party seeking amendment." Johnson, 975 F.2d at 609. "If that party was not diligent, the inquiry should end." Id. Although "the focus of the inquiry is upon the moving party's reasons for seeking modification," a court may make its determination by noting the prejudice to other parties. Id.

If good cause is found, the court must then evaluate the request to amend in light of Rule 15(a)'s liberal standard. Id. at 608. Leave to amend should be granted unless amendment: (1) would cause prejudice to the opposing party, (2) is sought in bad faith, (3) creates undue delay, (4) or is futile. Chudacoff v. Univ. Med. Ctr. of S. Nev., 649 F.3d 1143, 1153 (9th Cir. 2011) (citing Foman v. Davis, 371 U.S. 178, 182 (1962)). "Because Rule 16(b)'s `good cause' inquiry essentially incorporates the first three factors, if a court finds that good cause exists, it should then deny a motion for leave to amend only if such amendment would be futile." Baisa v. Indymac Fed. Reserve, No. CIV. 2:09-1464 WBS JFM, 2010 WL 2348736, at *1 (E.D. Cal. June 7, 2010).

ANALYSIS

When filing their motion, Plaintiffs relied on Rule 15. See Mot. for Leave to Amend, at 2. However, as noted above, a Pretrial Scheduling Order issued several months prior to Plaintiffs filing their motion. Thus, Plaintiffs' motion must be analyzed under Rule 16, and the Court construes the motion as having been made under that Rule.

Plaintiffs argue that Rule 16's good cause standard has been met because they have been diligent and that Defendant would suffer no prejudice if the Court granted leave to amend the complaint. See Pls.' Reply, ECF No. 15, at 3-5. Though good cause "primarily considers the diligence of the party seeking the amendment," Johnson, 975 F.2d at 609, mere diligence is not sufficient. Good cause requires a showing that the pretrial scheduling order "cannot reasonably be met despite the diligence of the party seeking the extension." Id.

According to Plaintiffs, the impetus for their motion is the California Court of Appeal's August 29, 2016, decision in Castro-Ramirez v. Dependable Highway Express, Inc., 2 Cal. App. 5th 1028 (2016). Plaintiffs argue that this decision "broadened the scope of an employer's duty to accommodate employees who are associated with a disabled person." Mot. for Leave to Amend, at 4. Plaintiffs' new FEHA claims arise out of this supposed newly broadened view of FEHA.

However, Castro-Ramirez did not broaden FEHA. In fact, it explicitly disclaimed deciding the "new" law Plaintiffs rely on. See id. at 1038 ("[W]e do not decide whether FEHA establishes a separate duty to reasonably accommodate employees who associate with a disabled person."). The court only wrote, in dicta, that Plaintiffs' reading of FEHA may be a reasonable one. Id. at 1038-39. Furthermore, the discussion in Castro-Ramirez relies on prior caselaw that was available to Plaintiffs when they filed their original complaint. Accordingly, Plaintiffs have not shown that the pretrial scheduling order could not "reasonably be met despite the diligence of" Plaintiffs. Therefore, Plaintiffs have failed to show good cause, and their motion must be denied.

CONCLUSION

For the reasons provided above, Plaintiffs' Amended Motion for Leave to Amend the Complaint, ECF No. 12, is DENIED.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

FootNotes


1. Because oral argument will not be of material assistance, the Court ordered this matter submitted on the briefs. E.D. Cal. Local R. 230(g).
2. Unless otherwise noted, the allegations in this section are drawn directly, and in some cases verbatim, from the allegations of Plaintiffs' Complaint
3. All further references to "Rule" or "Rules" are to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure unless otherwise noted.
Source:  Leagle

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