ELIZABETH D. LaPORTE, Magistrate Judge.
On May 9, 2013, Plaintiff Jordan Lamb ("Plaintiff") filed a motion for preliminary approval of a proposed class action settlement and provisional class certification under Rule 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. (Doc. No. 35.) On June 17, 2013, Defendant Bitech, Inc., dba Performance Bicycle Shop, ("Defendant" or "Performance") filed a statement of non-opposition to Plaintiff's motion and regarding related matters. (Doc. No.39.)
The Court held hearings on the matter on June 25, 2013 and on July 26, 2013. Joseph J. Siprut appeared for Plaintiff, and Paul S. Rosenlund appeared for Defendant. The Court reviewed the motion, including the Settlement Agreement and Release signed by the parties and counsel and all exhibits ("Settlement Agreement"). The Court, for good cause shown, grants the motion for preliminary approval of class action settlement and for provisional certification of a settlement class.
Plaintiff commenced this action in San Francisco Superior Court, Jordan Lamb v. Bitech, Inc., dba Performance Bicycle Shop, Case No. CGC-11-515148, on October 17, 2011. On behalf of himself and a proposed class, Plaintiff's complaint asserted a cause of action for violation of the Song-Beverly Credit Card Act of 1971, California Civil Code § 1747.08 (the "Act") and he sought various remedies related to alleged violations of the Act, including but not limited to an award of civil penalties under Civil Code § 1747.08(e), a declaration that Defendant's actions as described in the complaint violate the Act, and such and further relief as the Court may deem proper Plaintiff also sought payment of costs and an award of attorney fees as authorized by statute.
On November 17, 2011, Performance filed an answer denying Plaintiff's allegations and asserting various affirmative defenses, and Performance timely removed the case to this Court pursuant to the Class Action Fairness Act and principles of diversity jurisdiction. (Doc. No. 1.) The parties thereafter conducted formal and informal discovery.
On May 22, 2012, the parties began a mediation through the court's mediation program, and ultimately the parties reached a proposed settlement and executed the Settlement Agreement on May 9, 2013, a copy of which (including exhibits) is attached to Plaintiff's motion. (Doc. No. 35, Ex. A, the "Proposed Settlement".) Certain changes to the Settlement Agreement and exhibits were made following consideration of comments by the court, as reflected in Doc. No. 41 and Doc. No. 44. Capitalized terms used in the class definition and elsewhere in this Preliminary Approval Order are defined in the Settlement Agreement and adopted in this order. The Proposed Settlement includes the following proposed Settlement Class members:
The Class Period for the proposed settlement means the period from October 17, 2010 through the date of this Preliminary Approval Order. The proposed Settlement provides a settlement benefit to individuals who participated in a "Covered Credit Card Transaction," which is defined as the following:
The Settlement Agreement provides a list of transaction types that are not Covered Credit Card Transactions ("Excluded Transactions") because it is reasonably necessary and permitted by the Act to request and record a customer's Personal Identification Information in the course of such transactions.
Under the proposed settlement, Performance will offer each Settlement Class member who participated in a Covered Credit Card Transaction a ten dollar ($10.00) Credit Certificate in the form of Exhibit E to the Settlement Agreement that can be applied in a single transaction toward the purchase price of merchandise at any Performance Bicycle Shop physically located in California, or online at www.performancebike.com, subject to the terms and conditions of the Settlement Agreement ("Credit Certificates"). The Credit Certificate may only be used by a Settlement Class member, and is limited to one per Settlement Class member. Credit Certificates may not be used for any telephone, special order or mail-order transaction, to purchase gift certificates, or for any other tender or transaction that may be converted to cash or cash equivalents. Each Credit Certificate shall have an identifier code unique to the recipient and may not be copied or used more than once. Credit Certificates have a one-year expiration, may not be aggregated or transferred for value, and will not be replaced if lost or stolen. Credit Certificates do not have a minimum purchase requirement for their use, but may be used only once, and any unused balance will be forfeited.
Notice will be given to the Settlement Class by a combination of mailed notices, internet notice on the Settlement Website, and by posting notices of the Settlement in Performance's California retail stores.
Defendant will provide those members of the Settlement Class whose names and PII were added to Performance's databases of California retail store customer addresses from October 17, 2010 through September 19, 2011, as part of a Covered Credit Card Purchase Transaction, and for whom Performance maintains a valid postal mail or email address in its customer databases ("Direct Notice Class Members"), with notice of the proposed settlement by email or U.S. mail. The notices to each Direct Notice Class Members will include a unique identifier code that may be used to download and print a $10 Credit Certificate upon the court's final approval of the Settlement, as provided in the Settlement Agreement.
Settlement Class members who are not members of the Direct Notice Class ("Indirect Notice Class Members") who believe they are entitled to a settlement benefit may download a claim form or request one from the Settlement Administrator and submit a completed form pursuant to the procedures described in the Settlement Agreement.
The mailed and emailed notices to Direct Notice Class Members shall be mailed no more than 30 days after entry of this order, and shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit E to the Settlement Agreement. The in-store notices must be posted no more than 30 days after entry of this order; they shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit B to the Settlement Agreement and shall remain posted for at least 30 days after the date of initial posting.
The Settlement Administrator shall set up the Settlement Website and post the internet notice on the Settlement Website no more than 30 days after entry of this order. The Settlement Website shall include Exhibit B to the Settlement Agreement (Summary Notice), Exhibit C to the Settlement Agreement (Detailed Notice), Exhibit D (Claim Form) and such other materials and information that are called for in the Settlement Agreement. The Settlement Website shall remain active for one year after the date of Final Judicial Approval and shall be updated with information as necessary and appropriate to effectuate the Settlement, including information regarding the date and location of the Final Fairness Hearing and when the Credit Certificates may be redeemed.
Additionally, as provided in the Settlement Agreement, Defendant agrees to comply with California Civil Code section 1747.08 and states that it implemented software in its point-of-sale terminals in California stores no later than September 20, 2011 that effectuates prior employee training that Personal Identification Information is not to be requested and recorded during Covered Credit Card Transactions, and Defendant has agreed to post a notice visible from each point-of-sale terminal in its California stores informing customers that collecting and recording Personal Identification Information in conjunction with credit card purchase transactions is voluntary.
The parties have not agreed upon any incentive award to Plaintiff or attorneys' fee award to Plaintiff's attorneys. Those issues will be decided by the Court unless the parties reach agreement in the interim, in which case they shall promptly notify the Court and update the Settlement Website to provide notice to the Settlement Class.
The decision to approve or reject a settlement is committed to the sound discretion of the trial court. Hanlon v. Chrysler Corp., 150 F.3d 1011, 1026 (9th Cir. 1998). Deciding whether to approve a proposed class action settlement is generally a two-step process. At the preliminary approval stage, the court "should make a preliminary determination that the proposed class satisfies the criteria set out in Rule 23(a) and at least one of the subsections of Rule 23(b)." FED. JUDICIAL CTR., MANUAL FOR COMPLEX LITIGATION, § 21.633 (4th ed.2004). The court then approves the form and manner of notice and sets a final fairness hearing, where it will make a final determination on the fairness of the class settlement. See id.
A court may approve a settlement that would bind class members only after a final fairness hearing and finding that the settlement is fair, reasonable and adequate. Fed. R. Civ. Proc. 23(e)(2); see Class Plaintiffs v. Seattle, 955 F.2d 1268, 1276 (9th Cir. 1992). When approving a settlement, a court must ensure that notice is made in a "reasonable manner to all class members who would be bound by the proposal." Fed. R. Civ. Proc. 23(e)(1).
To make the ultimate determination of whether a settlement is fair, reasonable and adequate requires evaluating several factors, including the strength of plaintiff's case; the risk, expense, complexity, and likely duration of further litigation; the risk of maintaining class action status throughout the trial; the amount offered in settlement; the extent of discovery completed, and the stage of the proceedings; the experience and views of counsel; the presence of a governmental participant; and the reaction of the class members to the proposed settlement. Torrisi v. Tucson Elec. Power Co., 8 F.3d 1370, 1375 (9th Cir. 1993). Settlements that follow sufficient discovery and genuine arms-length negotiation are presumed fair. Nat'l Rural Telcoms. Coop. v. Directv, Inc., 221 F.R.D. 523, 528 (C.D. Cal. 2004).
After reviewing the complaint, the answer, the motion, the motion to approve the Proposed Settlement, and the Settlement Agreement (including all exhibits), the Court concludes, for purposes of the Proposed Settlement only, that:
(1) The Settlement Agreement is fair, reasonable, and adequate;
(2) The Summary Notice, Detailed Notice, Credit Certificate and Summary Class Notice, Claim Form and Credit Certificate (all exhibits to the Settlement Agreement) comply with due process because the notices and forms are reasonably calculated to adequately apprise class members of (a) the pending lawsuit, (b) the proposed settlement, and (c) their rights, including the right to either participate in the settlement, exclude themselves from the settlement, or object to the settlement;
(3) The Settlement Class is so numerous that joinder of all Settlement Class members is impracticable;
(4) Plaintiff's claims are typical of the Settlement Class' claims;
(5) There are questions of law and fact common to the Settlement Class, which predominate over any questions affecting only individual Settlement Class members; and
(6) Class certification is superior to other available methods for the fair and efficient adjudication of the controversy and to effectuate the Proposed Settlement.
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