EDWARD M. CHEN, District Judge.
This is a personal injury by plaintiff Bruce Carpenter ("plaintiff") against defendant Air New Zealand Limited ("Air New Zealand"). Plaintiff and Air New Zealand are collectively referred to herein as "the Parties." Plaintiff alleges that he was injured while traveling as a passenger on board Air New Zealand Flight NZ 8 from Auckland to San Francisco on January 8, 2013. Plaintiff alleges that another passenger fainted and fell across his legs, causing plaintiff to sustain injuries to his knees.
Plaintiffs have propounded discovery to Air New Zealand seeking, among other things, the passenger and crew manifests for Air New Zealand Flight NZ 8 on January 8, 2013.
With respect to the requested manifests, Air New Zealand is prohibited from producing the manifests in their entirety and without a protective order by 14 C.F.R. Part 243, which prohibits the use or dissemination of manifests for commercial or marketing purposes and prohibits the release of passenger lists and contact information to anyone other than U.S. State Department, the National Transportation Safety Board and the U.S. Department of Transportation. See 14 C.F.R. Part 243.9; compare Wallman v. Tower Air, Inc., 189 F.R.D. 566 (N.D. Cal. 1999) (requiring disclosure of manifest information protected by 14 C.F.R. Part 243.9 under Federal Rules of Civil Procedure pursuant to protective order).
Air New Zealand is also prohibited from producing the manifests in their entirety and without a protective order pursuant to the New Zealand Privacy Act of 1993.
Air New Zealand has therefore agreed to produce redacted manifests which show information for: (1) the passenger who allegedly fell on plaintiff; (2) the passengers seated in plaintiff's row; (3) the passengers seated in the row behind plaintiff; and (4) the crew working in the economy section of the aircraft, as well as the crew member who assisted plaintiff following this incident.
Based upon the foregoing and based upon the stipulation of the parties, and good cause appearing, IT IS ORDERED as follows:
1. Any Party may designate items of discovery or other information produced or disclosed to any other Party as confidential and subject to the terms of this protective order, so long as any such designation is made in good faith. Items, including documents, tangible things or information, may be designated as confidential if a Party believes in good faith the information contains trade secrets, personal information, competitively sensitive information, proprietary or otherwise confidential information that may be the subject of a protective order under Rule 26 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. All documents designated as confidential under this Order shall be marked prior to production by placing the legend
2. Unless otherwise directed by the Court or through prior written agreement of the Parties, and subject to the limitations of Paragraph 1 above, information and documents subject to this Order shall not be used or shown, disseminated, copied, or in any way communicated to anyone for any purpose whatsoever, other than as required for the preparation and trial of this action, including any appeals. Any copies, excerpts, summaries, analyses, or other disclosures of, or references to, the substance or contents of any information designated as confidential shall be protected to the same extent as the underlying information. Except as provided for below and in the paragraphs that follow, the Parties shall keep all confidential information and documents strictly confidential from all persons. The information and documents subject to this Order may be disclosed only to:
3. Disclosures shall be made to such persons identified in Paragraph 2, and such persons may review such disclosures, only as necessary for purposes of litigating this action. The persons identified in Paragraph 2 shall not otherwise disseminate the information and documents subject to this Order, or the substance of such information or documents.
4. Counsel (and counsel's staff) for the receiving Parties will abide by, and be bound by, the provisions of this Protective Order, and will use due care to ensure that the provisions of the Protective Order are known and adhered to by clients, all persons under counsel's supervision and/or control and any person, firm or corporation who has been retained by counsel to act on the receiving Party's behalf in connection with this litigation.
5. With respect to deposition testimony and any document marked as an exhibit thereto, the designation of confidentiality may be made on the record at the time of the deposition, and the designated testimony shall be subject to the full protection of this Order, unless challenged in accordance with the procedures of Paragraph 14. In the case of testimony not so designated during the course of a deposition, counsel may so designate confidential testimony, within thirty (30) days of the deposition testimony and/or exhibits which contain confidential material, in which case the designated testimony and/or exhibits shall be subject to the full protections of this Order. Until the thirty (30) day period for notification has elapsed, deposition transcripts in their entirety and all exhibits are to be considered as confidential and proprietary and subject to the provisions of this Protective Order. If, prior to and/or during the course of a deposition, a witness refuses to be bound by the terms of the Protective Order, the deposition shall be adjourned until application can be made to the Court regarding the deposition.
6. Each person given access to documents and information subject to this Order, except those persons identified in paragraph 2(c), (e), and (f) above, must acknowledge this Order and agree, in writing, to be bound by all its terms and conditions. This requirement must be satisfied by obtaining the signature of the person or persons on a copy of the Agreement to Be Bound by Protective Order, attached as Exhibit "A" hereto. By agreeing to be bound by this Order, each person consents to the jurisdiction of this Court over his or her person for any proceedings involving alleged improper disclosure of documents or information protected by this Order. Each Party shall maintain the original signed written agreements and a verified list of all experts, consultants or persons to whom the information and documents or copies thereof were revealed. The list of signatories shall not be revealed to any other person or persons except through court order, which shall only be granted upon a showing of good cause. The Parties agree that a prima facie showing of good cause may be established by evidence that a protected document has been disseminated or used contrary to the terms of this Order (e.g., is in the possession of one not bound by the terms of this Order) and that a reasonable basis exists to find that a particular individual or Party (or agents thereof) improperly used or disseminated the confidential information. The Party that appears to have improperly disseminated the protected document or information shall be required to produce its list of signatories to the Agreement to Be Bound by Protective Confidentiality Order to the Party having claimed confidentiality.
7. If a Party intends to submit to the Court a document marked as confidential either before or during trial, that Party or any other Party may request that such document be placed under seal. If the Parties agree, such request shall be presented to the Court as a stipulated motion. Otherwise, the request shall be presented to the Court as a contested motion. Compelling reasons must be shown for the under seal filing. The purpose of this provision is to avoid placing documents under seal unnecessarily.
8. Neither this Order nor the designation of any item as confidential shall be construed as an admission that such document, information or testimony would be admissible in evidence in this litigation or in any other proceeding. In addition, this Protective Order does not, of itself, require the production of any information or documents; nor does the existence of this Order constitute an admission or finding that any material marked as confidential is entitled to protection under applicable law.
9. Nothing in this Order shall be deemed a waiver of any Party's right to: (a) oppose discovery on grounds other than that the same constitutes or contains confidential information, or (b) object on any ground to the admission in evidence, at the trial of this action, of any confidential information.
10. If any Party wishes to petition the Court to modify this Order or its application to certain documents or information, the Party shall follow all applicable Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and Local Rules in petitioning the Court for relief.
11. All Parties, within sixty (60) days of the final conclusion of all aspects of this litigation, or a dismissed Party within thirty (30) days of that Party's dismissal with prejudice prior to the final conclusion of all aspects of this litigation, shall:
12. Up and until the commencement of trial, but not thereafter, the provisions of this Order relating to the confidentiality of protected documents and information shall remain in full force and effect and continue to be binding, except with respect to documents or information that are publicly available. This Court retains jurisdiction over all persons provided access to confidential materials or information for enforcement of the provisions of this Order up and until trial is commenced, but not thereafter.
13. Nothing in this Order shall be deemed to preclude any Party from seeking or obtaining, on the appropriate showing, additional protection with respect to the confidentiality of documents or information. Nor shall any provision of this Order be deemed to preclude any Party from challenging the validity of the confidentiality of any materials or information so designated.
14. If a Party elects to challenge the designation of confidentiality ("Challenging Party") of any document, information or testimony, the Challenging Party shall notify the Party who designated the challenged document ("Designating Party") as confidential of its challenge, in writing. Once the challenge is raised, the Parties shall promptly confer and make reasonable and good faith efforts to resolve the disagreement without intervention by the Court. If they are unable to resolve their differences in good faith within ten (10) days of receipt of the challenge, the Challenging Party shall request a ruling from the Court with respect to the confidential treatment of the information at issue within thirty (30) days of completion of the meet and confer efforts. The Designating Party shall have the burden to prove that the challenged document, information or testimony is entitled to protection under applicable law. Until such time as the Parties' contentions regarding the confidentiality of documents, information or testimony are fully and finally adjudicated, all documents, testimony or other materials designated by defendants as confidential shall retain their confidential status. Nothing in this agreement shall be deemed to alter, modify or reduce the burden on any party asserting a privilege to make out all elements of the privilege claimed.
15. It is recognized by the Parties to this Protective Order that documents or testimony may be designated inadvertently or erroneously as confidential, or that such a designation inadvertently or erroneously may be omitted with respect to documents or information that are entitled to such protection. Any Party to this Protective Order may correct its designation or lack thereof within a reasonable time and shall, at its own expense, furnish to all counsel copies of the documents for which there is a change in designation.
16. It is recognized by the Parties that documents or testimony stamped as confidential may be inadvertently disclosed to third parties by a receiving Party. Any receiving Party may correct this inadvertent disclosure without sanction by immediately bringing it to the attention of the producing Party by letter to the producing Party's counsel in which the third Party is identified by name and address. The receiving Party shall further provide an affidavit of counsel confirming that to the best of his or her knowledge the documents and any copies thereof were recovered from the third party.
17. All documents or information produced by the Parties prior to the entry of this Protective Order by the Court shall be subject to the provisions of this Protective Order to the same extent as if such Protective Order had been entered by the Court as of the date such documents or information were produced. Producing Parties shall have thirty (30) days from the date of entry of this Order to designate already-produced materials as confidential. However, documents or information obtained through means other than discovery in this action shall not be subject to this Protective Order.
18. In the event that any person identified in paragraph 2 above who has been provided access to confidential information produced in this action ("Person Served"): (a) is served with a subpoena in another action, or (b) is served with a demand in another action to which he or she is a party, or (c) is served with any other legal process by one not a Party to this litigation, seeking information that has been produced in this action by another Party and which is subject to this Protective Order, the Person Served shall give prompt written notice of such event to counsel of record for the Party that produced the information. Upon receipt of written notice, the Party which produced the information shall advise the Person Served of that Party's position with respect to the protected information. Thereafter, the Party which produced the information shall assume responsibility for prosecuting any objection to the discovery requests, subpoena or demand, and the Person Served shall cooperate to the extent necessary to preserve the confidentiality of the information. Should the person seeking access to information take action to enforce such discovery requests, subpoena, demand, or other legal process, the Person Served shall set forth in his response the existence of this Stipulated Protective Order. Nothing herein shall be construed as requiring the receiving Party to challenge or appeal any order requiring production of the information.
19. This Order shall not prejudice the Parties' rights or arguments regarding whether documents or information used at trial do or do not remain confidential. Such issues will be taken up as a separate matter upon motion of any Party.
20. It is understood by the Parties that this Stipulated Protective Order may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original.
I, the undersigned, acknowledge that I will be receiving documents that have been designated confidential and subject to the terms of the Stipulated Protective Order entered in the above-captioned case. I understand that such confidential material is to be provided to me pursuant to the terms and restrictions of the aforementioned Protective Order and acknowledge that I have been given a copy of and have read that Protective Order. I understand that any use by me of documents or information designated confidential under the Stipulated Protective Order, or any portion or summaries thereof, in any manner contrary to the provisions of the Stipulated Protective Order, will subject me to the sanctions of the Court. I hereby agree to be bound by all of its terms.
I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the United States that the foregoing is true and correct.